The influence of environmental temperatures on the composition of milk of the dairy cow

Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (pages 47-50)

Time management of training and maintenance obligations in a Marine Corps command

This thesis examines requirements placed upon a selected Marine Corps Command (Communication Company, First Marine Division, Camp Pendleton, California); quantifies them into man hours, and compares the total man hours available to the Commander. The study was constrained to training and maintenance requirements and excludes administration, corrective maintenance, and supply requirements. Identification of the requirements was accomplished by reviewing pertinent directives and technical manuals. Quantification was based on empirical data received from Communication Company plus conversations with key personnel at Headquarters, Marine Corps, Washington, D.C., and East and West Coast Marine Corps Units. The conclusions discuss the relative amounts of over commitments; the necessity of skilled management at the company level; and the responsibilities higher headquarters have as related to the problem areas. The recommendations are actions which could assist in alleviating over commitments.http://archive.org/details/timemanagementof00cobbMajor, United States Marine CorpsApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

The spatial location of laser-driven, forward-propagating waves in a National-Ignition-Facility-relevant plasma

Ion acoustic and electron plasma waves, associated with backward-propagating stimulated Brillouin scattering and stimulated Raman scattering, have been diagnosed in a long-scale-length, nearly homogenous plasma with transverse flow. Thomson scattered light from a probe beam is employed to show that these waves are well localized in space and for a time much shorter than the laser pulse duration. These plasma conditions are relevant to hohlraum design for the National Ignition Facility inertial confinement fusion laser system. [R. Sawicki et al., Fusion Technol. 34, 1097 (1998)]. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71338/2/PHPAEN-7-1-323-1.pd

Experimental Program to Elucidate and Control Stimulated Brillouin and Raman Backscattering in Long-Scale Plasmas

Laser-plasma instability is a serious concern for indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF), where laser beams illuminate the interior of a cavity (called a hohlraum) to produce X-rays to drive the implosion of a fusion capsule. Stimulated Raman and Brillouin backscattering (SRS and SBS) could result in unacceptably high laser reflectivities. Unfortunately, it is impossible at present to fully simulate these processes realistically. The authors experimental program aims to understand these instabilities by pursuing a dual strategy. (1) They use a gas-filled hohlraum design, which best approaches ignition-hohlraum conditions, on the Nova laser to identify important non linear trends. (2) They are shifting towards more fundamental experiments with a nearly diffraction-limited interaction laser beam illuminating extremely well characterized plasmas on the Trident laser facility at Los Alamos to probe the relevant fundamental processes

Spallation-Fission Competition in Heaviest Elements; Helium IonInduced Reactions in Plutonium Isotopes

Excitation functions have been determined for the spallation and fission reactions induced in plutonium isotopes by 20 to 50 Mev helium ions. The method employed consisted of cyclotron bombardments of plutonium oxide followed by the chemical isolation and alpha or beta counting of radioactive reaction products. Formation cross sections are given where possible for the curium and americium spallation products corresponding to ({alpha},n), ({alpha},2n), ({alpha},3n), ({alpha},4n), ({alpha}5n), ({alpha},p), ({alpha},pn or d), ({alpha},p2n or t), and ({alpha},p3n) reactions in Pu{sup 238} , Pu{sup 239}, and Pu{sup 242}. Fission yield curves and fission cross sections for Pu{sup 238} and Pu{sup 239} serve to define the characteristics of the ({alpha},f) reaction for plutonium isotopes. Chemical procedures are outlined for the separation of both spallation and fission product elements in a sequence of operations performed on the entire dissolved target

Radiation temperature measurements in laser-heated hohlraums

Two x-ray spectrographs have been used on the Trident laser at LANL to monitor the radiation temperature of small Au hohlraums. The cylindrical targets are smaller than 1 mm. The x radiation produced by {approximately} 400 J of 0.53-{micro}m laser light is detected with a 7-channel VNIIEF soft-x-ray spectrometer. Each channel employs a multi-layer mirror and a filter to limit the channel bandwidth to 1--3% of the channel energy. X rays are detected with calibrated Al x-ray diodes. A second spectrometer is based on a free-standing Au transmission grating for spectral dispersion and a multi-channel diamond photo-conductive device detector. The small hohlraum results are consistent with radiation temperatures exceeding 100 eV. Simple computer modeling shows that late in the plasma discharge, radiation of this temperature is emitted from the target

‘The only way is Essex’: Gender, union and mobilisation among fire service control room staff

This contribution to On the Front Line records a dialogue between two female Fire Brigades Union (FBU) representatives in the Essex Emergency Control Room who led industrial action over the imposition of a shift system that stretched their work–life balance to breaking point and constrained their ability to work full-time. Their testimony reveals how male members were mobilised in the interests of predominantly female control staff. Kate and Lynne’s discussion illuminates the interaction of gender and class interests and identities in the union and in the lives of its women members. It provides insight into the efficacy of trade unions for women’s collective action

Detailed studies of the transverse beam characteristics of laser produced ion beams

We present the first systematic measurement of the transverse parameters of laser produced proton beam. We find a similarity for the shape of the accelerating sheath, which is always close to a parabola. We find also a similarity for the relation between source size and proton energy with the maximum source size and proton energy as a free parameter, which is confirming the similarity we already found for the sheath shape. This is of particular interest for the application of laser produced proton beams as it shows the scalability of the transverse beam parameter