6,067 research outputs found
Are Young People's Educational Outcomes Linked to their Sense of Control?
This paper analyzes the link between young people's sense (locus) of control over their lives and their investments in education. We find that young people with a more internal locus of control have a higher probability of finishing secondary school and, conditional on completion, meeting the requirements to obtain a university entrance rank. Moreover, those with an internal locus of control who obtain a university entrance rank achieve somewhat higher rankings than do their peers who have a more external locus of control. Not surprisingly, there is a negative relationship between growing up in disadvantage and educational outcomes. However, this effect does not appear to operate indirectly by increasing the likelihood of having a more external locus of control. In particular, we find no significant relationship between family welfare history and young people's locus of control.locus of control, parental socio-economic background, education
A Project Based Approach to Statistics and Data Science
In an increasingly data-driven world, facility with statistics is more
important than ever for our students. At institutions without a statistician,
it often falls to the mathematics faculty to teach statistics courses. This
paper presents a model that a mathematician asked to teach statistics can
follow. This model entails connecting with faculty from numerous departments on
campus to develop a list of topics, building a repository of real-world
datasets from these faculty, and creating projects where students interface
with these datasets to write lab reports aimed at consumers of statistics in
other disciplines. The end result is students who are well prepared for
interdisciplinary research, who are accustomed to coping with the
idiosyncrasies of real data, and who have sharpened their technical writing and
speaking skills
The interminable issue of effectiveness: substantive purposes, outcomes and research challenges in the advancement of environmental impact assessment theory
Cultural Transmission of Work-Welfare Attitudes and the Intergenerational Correlation in Welfare Receipt
This paper considers the potential for the cultural transmission of attitudes toward work, welfare, and individual responsibility to explain the intergenerational correlation in welfare receipt. Specifically, we investigate whether 18-year olds’ views about social benefits and the drivers of social inequality depend on their families’ welfare histories. We begin by incorporating welfare receipt into a theoretical model of the cultural transmission of work-welfare attitudes across generations. Consistent with the predictions of our model, we find that young people’s attitudes towards work and welfare are shaped by socialization within their families. Young people are more likely to oppose generous social benefits and adopt an internal view of social inequality if their mothers support these views, if their mothers were employed while they were growing up, and if their families never received welfare. These results are consistent with —though do not definitively establish— the existence of an intergenerational welfare culture.cultural transmission, attitudes, intergenerational welfare receipt
Marginal likelihoods in phylogenetics: a review of methods and applications
By providing a framework of accounting for the shared ancestry inherent to
all life, phylogenetics is becoming the statistical foundation of biology. The
importance of model choice continues to grow as phylogenetic models continue to
increase in complexity to better capture micro and macroevolutionary processes.
In a Bayesian framework, the marginal likelihood is how data update our prior
beliefs about models, which gives us an intuitive measure of comparing model
fit that is grounded in probability theory. Given the rapid increase in the
number and complexity of phylogenetic models, methods for approximating
marginal likelihoods are increasingly important. Here we try to provide an
intuitive description of marginal likelihoods and why they are important in
Bayesian model testing. We also categorize and review methods for estimating
marginal likelihoods of phylogenetic models, highlighting several recent
methods that provide well-behaved estimates. Furthermore, we review some
empirical studies that demonstrate how marginal likelihoods can be used to
learn about models of evolution from biological data. We discuss promising
alternatives that can complement marginal likelihoods for Bayesian model
choice, including posterior-predictive methods. Using simulations, we find one
alternative method based on approximate-Bayesian computation (ABC) to be
biased. We conclude by discussing the challenges of Bayesian model choice and
future directions that promise to improve the approximation of marginal
likelihoods and Bayesian phylogenetics as a whole.Comment: 33 pages, 3 figure
Policy Responses to Violence in Our Schools: An Exploration of Security as a Fundamental Value
You Won\u27t Have to Pick Any Daisies Apart to Find Out Whether I Love You
VERSE 1Jack and Jill were climbing up the hill,Jack said, “Jill I’m crazy,”Jill she picked a daisy,Pinned it on his coat and said, “Be still,”Then picked it all apart as maidens will.“One, he loves me, two, he loves me not,two he loves me not,”Jack said, “Tommy Rot!
If you’ll marry me right on the spot,
I’ll just tell you what:”
CHORUSYou won’t have to pick any daisies apartto find out whether I love you,You won’t have to look up your dreams in a book,to find out if your boy’s true blue;We may have our scraps and maybe perhaps,I may have to spank you too!But you won’t have to pick any daisies apartto find out whether I love you.you.
VERSE 2Jack and Jill were climbing down the hill,Jack said, “Make it June, dear”Jill said, “That’s too soon, dear,”What they meant I couldn’t guess untilI took a second look at joyful Jill.On her finger shone a solitaire,Jack had put it there,“Three month’s pay, I swear!”Jill said, “It’s a daisy, I declare,”Jack said, “while it’s there.”
CHORU
Experimentally Constrained Molecular Relaxation: The Case of Glassy GeSe2
An ideal atomistic model of a disordered material should contradict no
experiments,and should also be consistent with accurate force fields (either
{\it ab initio}or empirical). We make significant progress toward jointly
satisfying {\it both} of these criteria using a hybrid reverse Monte Carlo
approach in conjunction with approximate first principles molecular dynamics.
We illustrate the method by studying the complex binary glassy material
g-GeSe. By constraining the model to agree with partial structure factors
and {\it ab initio} simulation, we obtain a 647-atom model in close agreement
with experiment, including the first sharp diffraction peak in the static
structure factor. We compute the electronic state densities and compare to
photoelectron spectroscopies. The approach is general and flexible.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
A Re-Examination of Racioethnic Imbalance of IS Doctorates: Changing the Face of the IS Classroom
There is an extremely low percentage of minority faculty in the IS field. This global trend is highly conspicuous-- a minority of blacks compared to a majority of white academics in England, a minority of Aborigines compared to a majority of white academics in Australia, a minority of blacks compared to a majority of white academics in Canada, and for the purpose of our study, a minority of Native American, Hispanic American, and African American academics compared to a majority of white academics in the United States. Between 1995-2000, not only do AACSB reports indicate a continuous decline in minority business doctorates, but the accreditation body reports that the IS discipline shows a significant under-representation of minority faculty. In this study, we argue that mentoring under-represented groups in the discipline offers the field a myriad of avenues to change the ¡°face¡± of the classroom and reduce this gap. We examine the absence of racioethnicity and mentoring in the IS field and offer lessons learned from the Ph.D. Project Model for engendering change and mentoring within the IS community. Using data from a six-year period, we discuss diversity issues, lessons learned, and recommendations from mentoring a group of under-represented IS doctoral students
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