ABA increased soybean yield by enhancing production of carbohydrates and their allocation in seed

Soybean is the most expanding crop worldwide, and in the last 30 years it has doubled the cultivated area (FAO, 2002). Argentina is one of the main producers, where soybean production increased from 11 millions of tons in the campaign 1990-1991 to 55 millions of tons in the campaign 2009- 2010, with a planted area that reached 18.7 million hectares (GEA, 2010). Soybean expansion in Argentina has been so significant that the crop is now located in areas that were previously considered “marginal” or “not suitable for the crop” due to environmental conditions (Qaim & Traxler, 2005; Monti, 2008; Zak et al., 2008). In the last five years, this crop has moved approximately 4.6 millions of hectares of other crops and pasture lands (Pengue, 2009). The same as in other countries in Latin America such as Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay, soybean culture has been the main cause of deforestation during the last years (Kaimowitz & Smith 2001; Steininger et al., 2001; Pengue, 2009). Several technological advances have allowed the development of a new agricultural model that having less input is able to increase yields therefore generating an intensive system that in turn increases the financial profit (Monti, 2008). The use of practices such as direct sowing, fertilization, and genetically modified materials resistant to glyphosate that allow easy weed control and with high yield potential, have permitted yield increases and consolidated the new agricultural model. This agricultural model, based in monoculture, has made soybean production very economic to crop growers allowing an interesting income in a short period with low investment of resources. Argentina’s economy is greatly dependent on the currency generated by exportation of primary products and it is one of the top three producers and exporters of vegetable oils, and the biggest worldwide exporter of soybean oil (FAO, 2008). Due to the country’s size and geographical diversity, soybean has a high potential to satisfy the increasing international demand of bio-fuels (Tomei & Upham, 2009). Therefore it is possible to think in a future of increasing soybean production.Fil: Reinoso, Herminda Elmira. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Travaglia, Claudia Noemi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Bottini, Ambrosio Rubén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentin

ABA action on the production and redistribution of field-grown maize carbohydrates in semiarid regions

The aim of this study is to analyze the response of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) application in plants grown under field conditions in semiarid zones in order to increase maize production. For this, it is necessary to understand the factors, such as the size and capacity of transport system involved in the mobilization and distribution of assimilates. The vascular transport capacity of ABA-treated and control plants was compared in terms of number of vascular bundles, phloem area per bundle, and the proportion of phloem in the ear peduncle of female inflorescences. This study showed that the application of exogenous ABA in field-grown maize under moderate drought allows a greater amount of maize production, an increase in the level of photosynthetic pigments, the carbohydrates remobilization to grain, and the capacity of this transport by an increase in the number of vascular bundles and the phloem area in peduncle. Evidence obtained in this study suggests that ABA could help improve agricultural production in rain-fed crops in which irrigation is not possible. This will allow us to follow a new technological strategy to increase the effective filling of organs during crops in unfavorable water conditions.Fil: Travaglia, Claudia Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales. Área Morfología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Balboa, Guillermo Raul. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Espósito, Gabriel Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Reinoso, Herminda Elmira. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales. Área Morfología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentin

Do Gibberellins Mediate Growth Responses of the Halophytic Woody Prosopis Strombulifera (Lam.) Benth Plants Exposed to Different Sodium Salts?

Phytohormones have essential roles in plant growth responses under salinity. A better understanding of gibberellin (GA) function in woody plant responses under different sodium salts could help to develop new strategies to improve plant tolerance to salinity. In this study, the role of GA in morpho-physiological responses of halophytic woody Prosopis strombulifera plants under salinity was analyzed. Plants were grown in hydroponic solutions and exposed to NaCl, Na2SO4, or their iso-osmotic mixture at − 1.0, − 1.9, and − 2.6 MPa. Control (without salt) and salt-treated plants were sprayed with gibberellin A3 (GA3), or chlormequat chloride (CCC), an inhibitor of its synthesis. Growth responses, anatomical alterations and ABA, active GA forms (GA1, GA3, and GA4) and inactive GA forms (GA8 and GA34) endogenous levels were evaluated. The application of GA3 increased growth in control plants more than in salt-treated plants. Roots and leaves of salt-treated plants showed high levels of ABA and active GA forms after exposure to GA3, and lower endogenous levels of active GA when receiving the inhibitor. CCC triggered stress-alleviating responses in these plants, such as anatomical and hormonal changes that included an increase in spine length and the number of palisade cell layers, and a reduction in levels of ABA and GA4. Na2SO4-treated plants showed reduced growth, high ABA levels and an active GA metabolism to control the levels of active GA. This study indicates that the suppression of GA signaling would contribute to sodium salts tolerance in the native halophytic woody P. strombulifera plants.Fil: Llanes, Analia Susana. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas.; ArgentinaFil: Biava, Santiago. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Botánica. Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Travaglia, Claudia Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas.; ArgentinaFil: Masciarelli, Oscar Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas.; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Virginia. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas.; Argentin

The need for herbicide use in direct seeding, promotes more sustainable and implementation of integrated systems.

Technological advances the Argentine has been in recent years such that now stands at the forefront worldwide. The explosion of agriculture, tillage, GM crops and the widespread use of glyphosate have raised controversy, especially regarding the toxicity of the latter. Before weeds are controlled with tillage and these involve serious problems of erosion and soil degradation. Tillage and herbicides have changed the situation and consequently the sustainability of production systems. Glyphosate plays an important role in this transformation, but were allowed to use, would be replaced by more expensive and dangerous herbicides. Under that is essential to achieve these objectives through high yields very tech practice, it is necessary to introduce new technologies to assist the sector mitigation tools and can coexist using those chemicals that may mitigate high exposure to them through technology capabilities to detoxify crops. This tech package is just something known by the scientific-technical and production industry, but that has innovation in its application. The use of PGPR as biofertilizers is a widespread technique that has been installed as a enhancer of crops and environmentally friendly. Our study is based on countering the abuseof chemicals through a complementary technology to mitigate residual glyphosate in crops.Fil: Luna, Virginia. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Masciarelli, Oscar Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Travaglia, Claudia Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales. Área Morfología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Marchetti, Gisella. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Lucero, Martín. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Reinoso, Herminda Elmira. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales. Área Morfología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Indole-3-butyric acid, an alternative to GA3 for bunch quality enhancing of table grape Vitis vinifera L. cv. Superior Seedless

Gibberellic acid (GA3) is the most widely used plant growth regulator to thin out bunches and increase berry size in seedless table grapes, but there is evidence of its negative effects, including loss of fertility and malformations of the rachis. This study analyses the effects of applying the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), as a novel alternative, on fruit yield, bunch structure, anatomy and postharvest quality of cv. Superior Seedless. The application of IBA and GA3 at different phenological stages (15 cm shoot length, full bloom, fruit set and pea-size berry) and doses (2, 20 and 50 ppm) were compared in a two-growing season experiment. Spraying IBA at full bloom or fruit set, improved bunch weight by increasing the size and weight of the berries, correlating with the promotion of rachis vascular tissues. Bunches treated with IBA retained a greater number of berries at harvest without generating compactness, since the elongation of the rachis internodes and lateral shoulders were also promoted. In addition, IBA augmented postharvest quality of bunches by reducing rachis browning and increasing berry firmness. These results suggest that the use of IBA is a beneficial technology to improve bunch structure and quality in seedless grapes. Highlights IBA effects applied at different dosages and phenological stages was evaluated. IBA at full bloom and fruit set improved bunch and berry weight and berry size. The number of berries per bunch increased with IBA at full bloom and fruit set. IBA increased lateral rachis internode and lateral rachis length via promotion of vascular tissues. IBA increased postharvest quality, reduced rachis browning and increased of berry firmness.Gibberellic acid (GA3) is the most widely used plant growth regulator to thin out bunches and increase berry size in seedless table grapes, but there is evidence of its negative effects, including loss of fertility and malformations of the rachis. This study analyses the effects of applying the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), as a novel alternative, on fruit yield, bunch structure, anatomy and postharvest quality of cv. Superior Seedless. The application of IBA and GA3 at different phenological stages (15 cm shoot length, full bloom, fruit set and pea-size berry) and doses (2, 20 and 50 ppm) were compared in a two-growing season experiment. Spraying IBA at full bloom or fruit set, improved bunch weight by increasing the size and weight of the berries, correlating with the promotion of rachis vascular tissues. Bunches treated with IBA retained a greater number of berries at harvest without generating compactness, since the elongation of the rachis internodes and lateral shoulders were also promoted. In addition, IBA augmented postharvest quality of bunches by reducing rachis browning and increasing berry firmness. These results suggest that the use of IBA is a beneficial technology to improve bunch structure and quality in seedless grapes. Highlights IBA effects applied at different dosages and phenological stages was evaluated. IBA at full bloom and fruit set improved bunch and berry weight and berry size. The number of berries per bunch increased with IBA at full bloom and fruit set. IBA increased lateral rachis internode and lateral rachis length via promotion of vascular tissues. IBA increased postharvest quality, reduced rachis browning and increased of berry firmness

Targeting redox metabolism of the maize-Azospirillum brasilense interaction exposed to arsenic-affected groundwater

Arsenic in groundwater constitutes an agronomic problem due to its potential accumulation in the food chain. Among the agro-sustainable tools to reduce metal(oid)s toxicity, the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) becomes important. For that, and based on previous results in which significant differences of As translocation were observed when inoculating maize plants with Az39 or CD Azospirillum strains, we decided to decipher the redox metabolism changes and the antioxidant system response of maize plants inoculated when exposed to a realistic arsenate (AsV) dose. Results showed that AsV caused morphological changes in the root exodermis. Photosynthetic pigments decreased only in CD inoculated plants, while oxidative stress evidence was detected throughout the plant, regardless of the assayed strain. The antioxidant response was strain-differential since only CD inoculated plants showed an increase in superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities while other enzymes showed the same behavior irrespective of the inoculated strain. Gene expression assays reported that only GST23 transcript level was upregulated by arsenate, regardless of the inoculated strain. AsV diminished the glutathione (GSH) content of roots inoculated with the Az39 strain, and CD inoculated plants showed a decrease of oxidized GSH (GSSG) levels. We suggest a model in which the antioxidant response of the maize-diazotrophs system is modulated by the strain and that GSH plays a central role acting mainly as a substrate for GST. These findings generate knowledge for a suitable PGPB selection, and its scaling to an effective bioinoculant formulation for maize crops exposed to adverse environmental conditions.Fil: Peralta, Juan Manuel. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas.; ArgentinaFil: Bianucci, Eliana Carolina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas.; ArgentinaFil: Romero Puertas, María C.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Estación Experimental del Zaidín; EspañaFil: Furlan, Ana Laura. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas.; ArgentinaFil: Castro, Stella Maris. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas.; ArgentinaFil: Travaglia, Claudia Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnologicas.; Argentin

Exogenous ABA increases yield in field-grown wheat with moderate water restriction

Water stress is one of the most important environmental factors that regulate a plant's growth and development. In agronomic practice the effects of water stress are translated into low yield and/or reduced quality. Abscisic acid (ABA) sprays (1 mM) were applied to wheat plants at different phenological stages and the effects on several physiological variables and on yield were evaluated under field conditions at different water regimes. Studies were conducted in the field across three consecutive winter-spring seasons. ABA treatments were applied at the beginning of shoot enlargement and repeated at anthesis. Exogenous ABA increased shoot dry weight and maintained a high concentration of photosynthetic pigments for a longer period of time during grain growth and maturation. Although ABA applications increased stomatal closure immediately after its application, the longer-term effect was to allow for a greater ostiolar opening of the stomatal pore which resulted in increased conductance of gases and water vapor. ABA also improved the transport of photoassimilates from the leaves and stem to the developing grains, that is, it effectively increased the sink strength of the grains. This correlated with a yield increase without significantly changing the protein quality in the grains. Thus, elevated ABA levels from exogenous application or genetic selection could help improve agricultural production of grains in arid areas where irrigation is not possible.Fil: Travaglia, Claudia Noemi. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Reinoso, Herminda Elmira. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Cohen, Ana Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Celina Mercedes. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Fitopatología y Fisiología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tommasino, Exequiel Arturo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Fitopatología y Fisiología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Castillo, Carlos. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Bottini, Ambrosio Ruben. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentin

Indole-3-butyric acid, an alternative to GA3 for bunch quality enhancing of table grape Vitis vinifera L. cv. Superior Seedless = Ácido indol-3-butírico, una alternativa al uso de GA3 para incrementar la calidad de racimos en uva de mesa Vitis vinifera L. cv. Superior Seedless

Gibberellic acid (GA3) is the most widely used plant growth regulator to thin out bunches and increase berry size in seedless table grapes, but there is evidence of its negative effects, including loss of fertility and malformations of the rachis. This study analyses the effects of applying the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), as a novel alternative, on fruit yield, bunch structure, anatomy and postharvest quality of cv. Superior Seedless. The application of IBA and GA3 at different phenological stages (15 cm shoot length, full bloom, fruit set and pea-size berry) and doses (2, 20 and 50 ppm) were compared in a two-growing season experiment. Spraying IBA at full bloom or fruit set, improved bunch weight by increasing the size and weight of the berries, correlating with the promotion of rachis vascular tissues. Bunches treated with IBA retained a greater number of berries at harvest without generating compactness, since the elongation of the rachis internodes and lateral shoulders were also promoted. In addition, IBA augmented postharvest quality of bunches by reducing rachis browning and increasing berry firmness. These results suggest that the use of IBA is a beneficial technology to improve bunch structure and quality in seedless grapesEl ácido giberélico (GA3) es el regulador de crecimiento vegetal más utilizado para ralear flores en racimos y aumentar el tamaño de las bayas en uvas de mesa sin semilla, pero hay evidencia de efectos negativos por su uso, incluyendo pérdida de fertilidad y malformaciones del raquis. En este estudio se analizan los efectos de aplicar la auxina ácida indol-3-butírico (IBA), como alternativa novedosa, sobre el rendimiento de frutos, estructura del racimo, anatomía y calidad poscosecha del cv. Superior Seedless. Se comparó la aplicación de IBA y GA3 en diferentes estadios fenológicos (brote de 15 cm, floración plena, cuaje y baya grano arveja) y dosis (2, 20 y 50 ppm), en un experimento de dos temporadas de cultivo. La aspersión de IBA en floración plena o en cuaje mejoró el peso del racimo al aumentar el tamaño y el peso de las bayas, correlacionándose con la promoción de los tejidos vasculares del raquis. Los racimos tratados con IBA retuvieron un mayor número de bayas a cosecha sin generar compacidad, ya que también se favoreció el alargamiento de los entrenudos del raquis y la longitud de los laterales. Además, IBA aumentó la calidad poscosecha de los racimos al reducir el oscurecimiento del raquis y aumentar la firmeza de la baya. Estos resultados sugieren que el uso de IBA es una tecnología beneficiosa para mejorar la estructura y calidad de los racimos en uvas sin semillas.EEA San JuanFil: Pugliese, María Beatriz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan; Argentina.Fil: Guzmán, Yanina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan; Argentina.Fil: Pacheco, Daniela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan; Argentina.Fil: Bottini, Rubén. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Bottini, Rubén. Universidad Juan A. Maza. Instituto Argentino de Veterinaria, Ambiente y Salud; ArgentinaFil: Travaglia, Claudia. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Avenant, Jan Hendrik. Agricultural Research Council (ARC). The Fruit, Vine and Wine Institute; SudáfricaFil: Avenant, Eunice. Stellenbosch University. Faculty of AgriSciences. Department of Viticulture and Oenology; SudáfricaFil: Berli, Federico. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza; Argentin

Physiological and anatomical behaviour of two contrasting maize hybrids grown at high density sowing

This study evaluated the physiological and anatomical traits of two contrasting maize hybrids subjected to high density sowing inorder to explain yield stability through yield component analysis and the relation between the grain yield capacities per plantaccording to individual growth. Experiment factors were two commercially important maize hybrids: DK190MGRR2 andDK670MG, which behave differently under stress, and two levels of plant density: 7 and 11 plant/m2high and recommended densityto favour the conditions of water stress respectively. The experiment was carried out in the west of Argentina under rainfedconditions and five replications. Physiological parameters (pigments and endogenous content of phytohormones, injury of cellmembranes, yield components) and anatomical parameters (stomatal bevhaviour, foliar and peduncles anatomy, xylem and phloemarea in vascular bundles) were analyzed. In this study, both maize hybrids showed a differential response to both sowing densities.The DK670 showed an increased yield (24 and 10 % at 7 and 11 plant/m2, respectively) due to enhanced individual yieldcomponents. This hybrid was differentiated by a higher stomatal density (7±1 in the abaxial side) and pigment amount (20%, mainlychl a) which led to a better photosynthetic ability. In addition, this hybrid showed the capacity to compensate damages derived fromstress, mesophyll leaf thickness and closer bundles associated with tolerance to drought, and abundance in endogenousphytohormones to cope with stress. The description of these characteristics in response to different plant densities is novel results,especially those related to anatomical analysis under the different treatments. This research shows that the ability of hybrids to takeadvantage of abundance of resources at lower populations is an imperative need for over-seasonal potential yield accomplishment.This could help select more appropriate management practices and contribute to production areas.Fil: Travaglia, Claudia Noemi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Espósito, Gabriel Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Balboa, Guillermo Raul. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Masciarelli, Oscar Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Fortuna, Julieta Belén. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Cardozo, Paula Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Reinoso, Herminda Elmira. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales; Argentin