As leituras das práticas socioespaciais dos estudantes do ensino médio sobre a cidade de Duque De Caxias-RJ

The socio-spatial practices are forms of analysis based from the needs and historical-geographic conditions of each moment. Through it, the man builds space. When thinking about such contribution to teaching, through these practices, in their daily movement through the city, the students accumulate ways of observing a place, checking the spatial dynamics of their neighborhood, commercial areas, urban and environmental problems. Thus, the text aims to reflect on the readings of socio-spatial practices of students, about the city of Duque de Caxias, as well as its impacts on everyday life. The chosen methodological framework is related to the Case Study qualitative approach, a particular form of study which enables the choice of the object and subject to be studied, from the analysis of the questionnaire with students, related to the understanding of the socio-spatial practice on the referred city. The results point to the ways in which students establish different ways of interpreting the city through their socio-spatial practices, being a potentiality to understand Geography as an element in the construction of their knowledge about the place.As práticas socioespaciais são formas de análises constituídas a partir das necessidades e as condições histórico-geográficas de cada momento. Por meio dela, o homem edifica o espaço. Ao pensar tal contribuição para o ensino, através dessas práticas, do seu movimento diário pela cidade, os estudantes acumulam formas de observar um local, verificando a dinâmica espacial do seu bairro, as áreas comerciais, os problemas urbanos e ambientais. Desta maneira, o texto objetiva refletir sobre as leituras das práticas socioespaciais dos estudantes, a respeito da cidade de Duque de Caxias, como também, seus impactos na vida cotidiana. O referencial metodológico escolhido se relaciona à abordagem qualitativa Estudo de Caso, uma forma particular de estudo a qual possibilita a escolha do objeto e sujeito a serem estudados, a partir da análise do questionário junto aos estudantes, relacionada à compreensão da prática socioespacial sobre a referida cidade. Os resultados apontam para as formas como os estudantes estabelecem diferentes modos de interpretação da cidade por meio de suas práticas socioespaciais, sendo uma potencialidade para compreender a Geografia como um elemento na construção do seu conhecimento sobre o lugar

Effect of an extract of Centella asiatica on the biodistribution of sodium pertechnetate (Na^99mTcO₄) and on the fixation of radioactivity on blood constituents

This study evaluates the effects of an acute treatment with a Centella asiatica (CA) extract on the biodistribution of the radiopharmaceutical Na99mTcO4 and on the fixation of technetium-99m on blood constituents. Wistar rats were treated with CA extract and, 1 hour after, Na99mTcO4 was administered; organs/tissues were withdrawn and weighted. The radioactivity was counted to calculate the percentage of activity per gram (%ATI/g). Also, blood samples were withdrawn, plasma (P), blood cells (BC), insoluble fraction (IF) and soluble fractions of P and BC were isolated and the radioactivity was counted to calculate the percentage of activity (%ATI). Data indicated that the acute treatment with CA extract changed significantly (p99mTcO4 and the fixation of the technetium-99m on blood constituents in an acute treatment

Produção científica nacional acerca da violência obstétrica: uma revisão integrativa/ National scientific production about obstetric violence: an integrative review

O termo “violência obstétrica” é utilizado no Brasil e em outros países para retratar as inúmeras maneiras de violentar gestantes, parturientes e puérperas durante a assistência no ciclo gravídico-puerperal, incluindo, inclusive, os casos de abortamento. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a produção cientifica nacional acerca da violência obstétrica. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura com abordagem quantitativa, constituída por artigos selecionados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde que se enquadraram no objetivo da pesquisa. Foram selecionados 16 estudos, publicados a partir do ano de 2004, embora o maior percentual de publicação tenha sido entre os anos de 2014 a 2017 com 68,75% das publicações. Todos os artigos relatam a violência como um problema que deve ser discutido e combatido. Conclui-se que as mulheres, apesar de vivenciarem e relatarem momentos de abusos e desrespeito durante o período gravídico-puerperal, não reconhecem esses fatores como violência

Predictive models for estimating visceral fat: The contribution from anthropometric parameters

<div><p>Background</p><p>Excessive adipose visceral tissue (AVT) represents an independent risk factor for cardiometabolic alterations. The search continues for a highly valid marker for estimating visceral adiposity that is a simple and low cost tool able to screen individuals who are highly at risk of being viscerally obese. The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model for estimating AVT volume using anthropometric parameters.</p><p>Objective</p><p>Excessive adipose visceral tissue (AVT) represents an independent risk factor for cardiometabolic alterations. The search continues for a highly valid marker for estimating visceral adiposity that is a simple and low cost tool able to screen individuals who are highly at risk of being viscerally obese. The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model for estimating AVT volume using anthropometric parameters.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A cross-sectional study involving overweight individuals whose AVT was evaluated (using computed tomography–CT), along with the following anthropometric parameters: body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference (AC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), sagittal diameter (SD), conicity index (CI), neck circumference (NC), neck-to-thigh ratio (NTR), waist-to-thigh ratio (WTR), and body adiposity index (BAI).</p><p>Results</p><p>109 individuals with an average age of 50.3±12.2 were evaluated. The predictive equation developed to estimate AVT in men was AVT = -1647.75 +2.43(AC) +594.74(WHpR) +883.40(CI) (R² adjusted: 64.1%). For women, the model chosen was: AVT = -634.73 +1.49(Age) +8.34(SD) + 291.51(CI) + 6.92(NC) (R² adjusted: 40.4%). The predictive ability of the equations developed in relation to AVT volume determined by CT was 66.9% and 46.2% for males and females, respectively (p<0.001).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>A quick and precise AVT estimate, especially for men, can be obtained using only AC, WHpR, and CI for men, and age, SD, CI, and NC for women. These equations can be used as a clinical and epidemiological tool for overweight individuals.</p></div