Une enquête internationale sur le héros de film

On s’est interrogé lors du colloque consacré à Edgar Morin en janvier 2013 sur « L’enquête internationale sur le héros de film » qui avait été lancée dans le cadre du Centre d’Étude des Communications de Masse (CECMAS). Pour examiner historiquement cette tentative de sociologie des personnages de films, il faut d’abord remonter aux circonstances qui ont présidé à sa conception. Circonstances qui sont elles-mêmes liées à la création du CECMAS dans le cadre de la Sixième section de l’École Prat..

Monitoring temporal opacity fluctuations of large structures with muon tomography : a calibration experiment using a water tower tank

Usage of secondary cosmic muons to image the geological structures density distribution significantly developed during the past ten years. Recent applications demonstrate the method interest to monitor magma ascent and volcanic gas movements inside volcanoes. Muon radiography could be used to monitor density variations in aquifers and the critical zone in the near surface. However, the time resolution achievable by muon radiography monitoring remains poorly studied. It is biased by fluctuation sources exterior to the target, and statistically affected by the limited number of particles detected during the experiment. The present study documents these two issues within a simple and well constrained experimental context: a water tower. We use the data to discuss the influence of atmospheric variability that perturbs the signal, and propose correction formulas to extract the muon flux variations related to the water level changes. Statistical developments establish the feasibility domain of muon radiography monitoring as a function of target thickness (i.e. opacity). Objects with a thickness comprised between $\simeq$ 50 $\pm$ 30m water equivalent correspond to the best time resolution. Thinner objects have a degraded time resolution that strongly depends on the zenith angle, whereas thicker objects (like volcanoes) time resolution does not.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures. Final version published in Scientific Reports, Nature, 14 march 201

Emotion facial recognition by the means of automatic video analysis

International audienceThe elderly population has been growing dramatically and future predictions and estimations showcase that by 2050 the number of people over 65 years old will increase by 70%, the number of people over 80 years old will increase by 170%, outnumbering younger generations from 0-14 years. Other studies indicate that around half of the current population of over 75 year olds suffer from physical and / or mental impairments and as a result are in need of high level of care. The loss of autonomy can be delayed by maintaining an active life style, which also would lead to reduced healthcare financial costs. With the expected increase of the world elderly population, and on the other hand limited available human resources for care a question arises as ”How can we improve health care in an efficient and cost effective manner? “.Motivated by the above, we propose an approach for detecting facial expressions in Alzheimer’s patients that can be a pertinent unit in an automated assisted living system for elderly subjects. Specifically, we have collected video-data of Alzheimer’s patients in musical mnemotherapy, where even patients suffering from apathy exhibit a number of emotions and expressions.Methods: We propose a novel spatio-temporal algorithm for facial emotion and expression recognition, based on dense trajectories, bag of features and support vector machine classification. We compare the proposed algorithm to a facial-landmark-based algorithm concerning signal displacement of tracked points within the face.Challenging for these algorithms (and specifically for the latter) has been the unconstrained setting involving Alzheimer’s patients in musical mnemotherapy and interviews. We have recorded data at the Alzheimer’s center Fondation G.S.F Jean Louis Noisiez in Biot from multiple therapy-sessions that serves to validate our method. The proposed system differentiates between four different facial expressions, namely neutral, smile, sad and talking.One expected benefit for Alzheimer’s patients is that positive emotions and their cause could be determined and replicated in order to increase life standard for such patients, which also brings to the fore a delay in the development of Alzheimer’s

Expression Recognition for Severely Demented Patients in Music Reminiscence-Therapy

International audienceRecognizing expressions in severely demented Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients is essential, since such patients have lost a substantial amount of their cognitive capacity, and some even their verbal communication ability (e.g., aphasia). This leaves patients dependent on clinical staff to assess their verbal and non-verbal language, in order to communicate important messages, as of the discomfort associated to potential complications of the AD. Such assessment classically requires the patients' presence in a clinic, and time consuming examination involving medical personnel. Thus, expression monitoring is costly and logistically inconvenient for patients and clinical staff, which hinders among others large-scale monitoring. In this work we present a novel approach for automated recognition of facial activities and expressions of severely demented patients, where we distinguish between four activity and expression states, namely talking, singing, neutral and smiling. Our approach caters to the challenging setting of current medical recordings of music-therapy sessions, which include continuous pose variations, occlusions, camera-movements, camera-artifacts, as well as changing illumination. Additionally and importantly, the (elderly) patients exhibit generally less profound facial activities and expressions in a range of intensities and predominantly occurring in combinations (e.g., talking and smiling). Our proposed approach is based on the extension of the Improved Fisher Vectors (IFV) for videos, representing a video-sequence using both, local, as well as the related spatio-temporal features. We test our algorithm on a dataset of over 229 video sequences, acquired from 10 AD patients, with promising results, which have sparked substantial interest in the medical community. The proposed approach can play a key role in assessment of different therapy treatments, as well as in remote large-scale healthcare-frameworks

Bernheim Rosenthal Gabrielle, Journal (1897-1932)

International audienc

Problèmes d'approche des Mille et une nuits & la problématique du conte de la Cité d'Airain

Cet essai propose de restituer la problématique des Mille et ne nuits dans le contexte beaucoup plus général de la littérature islamique médiévale, pour y voir nombre de récits moralisateurs, allégoriques et initiatiques, saturés d'imagerie soûfie populaire et dont beaucoup puisent leurs motifs dans les romans médiévaux d'Alexandre : notamment Le Conte de la Cité d'airain, analysé ici en détail. Outre un examen exhaustif des variantes manuscrites et des diverses versions du conte chez de nombreux auteurs médiévaux musulmans, nous examinerons les origines mythologiques, surtout helléniques et iraniennes, de l'image de la Cité d'airain (ou Cité de l'Autre Monde) avec son attraction magnétique mortelle, pour nous interroger, enfin, sur le transfert épique des motifs de ce récit, autrefois surtout associés à la figure légendaire d'Esfandiyâr dans l'ancienne épopée persane, sur la personne historique de l'émir Moûsâ ibn Nosayr, conquérant musulman de l'Espagne en l'an 711 de l'ère commune.This essay suggests a fresh look at the issue of the Thousand and One Nights within the far more general context of medieval Islamic narratives. The point of view defended here is that many of these tales of spiritual imitation carry moralizing, allegorical messages charged with popular Sûfi imagery, much of it derived from the medieval Alexander romances : as is notably the case with The Tale of the City of Brass, analyzed here in detail. In addition to exhaustive examination of the manuscript variants and many versions of the tale to be found in medieval Islamic writtings, we survey the mainly Greek and Iranian mythological origins of the image of the City of Brass (or City of the Other World) with its fatal magnetic attraction, and explore some reasons for the epic transfer of this story's motifs, once mainly associated with the ancient Persian epic hero Esfandiyâr, to the historical character of the emir Mûsâ ibn Nusayr, Muslim conqueror of Spain in the year 711 of the common era.PARIS3-BU (751052102) / SudocPARIS-Fondation MSH (751062301) / SudocSudocFranceF

LE CONTE DE L'ETYMOLOGIE A LA METAPHORE. QUELQUES THEMES ET LEURS TRANSFORMATIONS DANS LES DEUX LITTERATURES CLASSIQUES IRANIENNE ET ARABE

PARIS3-BU (751052102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Spatial terroir characterization and grape composition in the Southern Côtes-du-Rhône vineyard (Nyons-Valreas Basin)

In order for the characterization of terroir in vineyard situations to benefit both viticultural and wine making practices, it is necessary to consider the spatial aspect of the vineyard environment. An exploratory approach at characterising terroir in the Nyons-Valreas Basin (figure 1) considers both the spatial analysis and frequency analysis of the harvest. Data gathered from stereoscopic aerial photographic examination, satellite image processing, land surveys, and the Digital Elevation Model are combined and structured within a Geographic Information System along with the existing soil and geological data (figure 2). The result is a comprehensive soils model applicable to a relatively large area (11,340 ha). The Nyons-Valreas Basin is a neogene and quaternary sedimentary basin, and the soils found there are described by 21 soil landscape units which integrate 15 variables (table I). The area examined is considered to be representative of the surrounding regional diversity. The variables used in characterising terroir include soil types, geomorphology, lithology, stratigraphy, vegetation, land form, and land use. The various viticultural terroirs are regarded as parts of agricultural land consistent with both soil landscapes and harvest/wine responses. Multivariate clustering of the soil landscape units indicates that there exists 7 distinct viticultural terroirs, essentially on the basis of geomorphology and soils (figures 3 and 4, table II). Four distinct terroirs were compared (figures 5 and 6) using data gathered from 14 sites over the course of 15 vintages (1982-1996). Grenache is the grape variety planted at each site, and the variables measured at harvest (pH, sugar content, titratable acidity, the weight of 200 berries, and the sugar/acidity ratio) appear to significantly discriminate the sites examined according to the terroir modeling performed (tables III, IV and V)

De Barthes à Balzac : fictions d'un critique, critiques d'une fiction /

Includes bibliographical references