On the Zero-Slope Limit of the Compactified Closed Bosonic String

In the framework of the compactified closed bosonic string theory with the extra spatial coordinates being circular with radius $R$, we perform both the zero-slope limit and the $R \rightarrow 0$ limit of the tree scattering amplitude of four massless scalar particles. We explicitly show that this double limit leads to amplitudes involving scalars which interact through the exchange of a scalar, spin 1 and spin 2 particle. In particular, this latter case reproduces the same result obtained in linearized quantum gravity.Comment: 10 pages, LaTex file, DSF-T-43/9

Choosing between Homologous or Heterologous COVID-19 Vaccination Regimens: A Cross-Sectional Study among the General Population in Italy

A shortage of COVID-19 vaccines and reports of side-effects led several countries to recommend a heterologous regimen for second vaccine doses. This study aimed to describe the reasons behind individuals’ choices of a homologous or a heterologous second vaccination. This cross-sectional study enrolled individuals under 60 who had received a first dose of Vaxzevria and could choose between a homologous or heterologous regimen for their second dose. Quantitative (socio-demographic, clinical characteristics) and qualitative data were collected and analysed through a generalized linear model and thematic analysis, respectively. Of the 1437 individuals included in the analysis, the majority (76.1%) chose a heterologous second dose of the COVID-19 vaccination. More females chose a heterologous vaccination regimen (p = 0.003). Younger individuals also tended to choose heterologous vaccination (p < 0.001). The main motivation in favour of heterologous vaccination was to follow the Italian Ministry of Health recommendations (n = 118; 53.9%). This study showed that most individuals, mainly younger people and females, chose a heterologous dose of COVID-19 vaccination after their first viral vector vaccine. Heterologous vaccinations could be an effective public health measure to control the pandemic as they are a safe and efficient alternative to homologous regimens

Fascismi locali

Il fascicolo analizza l'organizzazione del PNF e le relazioni di potere con le istituzioni dello Stato fascista in quattro province venete: Padova, Belluno, Verona e Rovigo

Ácaro branco do algodão Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks, 1904) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) e ensaio de combate químico

Chemical control of the tropical mite was evaluated by means of a field test conducted in Tiete, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Seven treatments with four replicates each were applied to plots of 150m². Treatments and their respective active ingredients were as follows: A) check; B) triazophos, 300g; C) triazophos, 150g + pheromones (multimethyl alkenols), 4.77g; D) propargite, 1080g; E) abamectin, 6g + pheromones (multimethyl alkenols), 6.67g; F) profenophos, 400g; G) sulfur, 3000g. Best results were obtained with treatment B (triazophos), followed by G (sulfur) and the two mixtures with pheromones (C and E) (triazophos plus multimethyl alkenols and abamectin plus multimethyl alkenols) (tables 2, 3 and 4). Predador mites were considered.Com o intuito de avaliar o desempenho de produtos químicos no combate ao "ácaro branco" Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks, 1904) em algodoeiro, instalou-se o presente trabalho. Os 7 tratamentos, com 4 repetições, foram os seguintes: A) testemunha; B) triazofós, 300g; C) triazofós, 150g + feromônios (alquenóis multimetílicos), 4,77g; D) propargite, 1,080g; E) abamectina, 6g + feromônios (alquenóis multimetílicos), 6,67g; F) profenofós, 400g; G) enxofre, 3.000g. As quantidades acima são de ingredientes ativos por hectare. Os melhores resultados foram conseguidos pelo triazofós, seguido pelo enxofre e as duas misturas com feromônios

Type 1 diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, and pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-study

BACKGROUND: In the last decade, significant improvements have been achieved in maternal-fetal and diabetic care which make pregnancy possible in an increasing number of type 1 diabetic women with end-organ damage. Optimal counseling is important to make the advancements available to the relevant patients and to ensure the safety of mother and child. A systematic review will help to provide a survey of the available methods and to promote optimal counseling. OBJECTIVES: To review the literature on diabetic nephropathy and pregnancy in type 1 diabetes. METHODS: Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were scanned in November 2012 (MESH, Emtree, and free terms on pregnancy and diabetic nephropathy). Studies were selected that report on pregnancy outcomes in type 1 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy in 1980-2012 (i.e. since the detection of microalbuminuria). Case reports with less than 5 cases and reports on kidney grafts were excluded. Paper selection and data extraction were performed in duplicate and matched for consistency. As the relevant reports were highly heterogeneous, we decided to perform a narrative review, with discussions oriented towards the period of publication. RESULTS: Of the 1058 references considered, 34 fulfilled the selection criteria, and one was added from reference lists. The number of cases considered in the reports, which generally involved single-center studies, ranged from 5 to 311. The following issues were significant: (i) the evidence is scattered over many reports of differing format and involving small series (only 2 included over 100 patients), (ii) definitions are non-homogeneous, (iii) risks for pregnancy-related adverse events are increased (preterm delivery, caesarean section, perinatal death, and stillbirth) and do not substantially change over time, except for stillbirth (from over 10% to about 5%), (iv) the increase in risks with nephropathy progression needs confirmation in large homogeneous series, (v) the newly reported increase in malformations in diabetic nephropathy underlines the need for further studies. CONCLUSIONS: The heterogeneous evidence from studies on diabetic nephropathy in pregnancy emphasizes the need for further perspective studies on this issue

Ácaro da leprose Bvevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939): combate experimental em laranjeiras

In order to control the mite of leprosis B. phoeniois a field test was carried out in Piracicaba, State of São Paulo, Brazil, with the following treatments and active ingredients per 100 liters of water: A) check; B) clofentezine, 9.45g; C) clofentezine, 9.45g + multimethyl alkenols, 0.4g; D) quinomethionate, 25.0g; E) quinomethionate, 37.5g; F) pyrethroid RU-1000, 1.76g; G) pyrethroid RU-1000; 2.0g; H) dicofol, 37.0g (standard treatment). Each orange tree was sprayed with 6 liters of the product. Six evaluations were made: one 3 days before spraying and 5 post-treatment (5, 14, 18, 26 and 35 days after spraying. The best treatments were B, F, G and H.Com o objetivo de combater o ácaro da leprose foi montado um campo experimental com os seguintes tratamentos: A) testemunha; B) clofentezina, 9,45g; C) clofentezina, 9,45g + alquenóis multimetílicos, 0,4g; D) quinometionato, 25,Og; E) quinometionato, 37,5g; F) piretróide RU-1.000, l,76g; G) piretróide RU-1.0Q0, 2,0g; H) dicofol, 37,0g (tratamento padrão). As quantidades citadas são de ingredientes ativos em 1000 litros de calda (Tabela 1). Cada laranjeira foi pulverizada com 6 litros de calda, aplicada com pulverizador costal motorizado. Foram feitas 6 avaliações: a prévia (03 dias antes da pulverização) e 5 pos-aplicaçao (05, 14, 18, 26 e 35 dias após a aplicação). Pela análise dos resultados obtidos verifica-se que os tratamentos B, F, G e H. foram os mais eficientes. Os resultados da redução real podem ser observados na Tabela 2

Controle do ácaro da falsa ferrugem (Phyllocoptruta oleivora Ashm., 1879) por um juvenóide e outros defensivos agrícolas

In order to control the citrus rust mite on orange-trees a field experiment was carried out in Limeira, State of São Paulo, Brazil, an important citrus producing area. Treatments correspondend to a single application on 01/10/89 of: A) check; B) juvenoid flucycloxuron, 40 cm³; C) bromopropilate 65 cm³; D) quinomethionate + sulphur 200 cm³; E) quinomethionate + sulphur 250 cm³; F) fonnetanate 22,5 g; G) formetanate 31,5 g. The quantities are of commercial formulations in 100 liters of water. Each tree received 10 liters of the mixtures. Avaliations were made before spraying and 6, 20, 36, 50 and 68 days after the application. The most effective results in the last three avaliations were obtained with treatments F, G and C. Treatments D and E were effective only for 6 and 20 days and the juvenoid for 20, 36 and 50 days after spraying.Vários defensivos agrícolas, incluindo um juvenóide, foram aplicados contra o acaro da falsa ferrugem em pomar localizado em Limeira,SP, uma das principais áreas citrícolas do Brasil. Os tratamentos constaram de uma única aplicação, feita em 01/10/89. Tratamentos: A) testemunha; B) flucicloxurom (juvenóide) 40 cm³; C) bromopropilato 65 cm³; D) quinometionato + enxofre 200 cm³; E) quinometionato + enxofre 250 cm³; F) formetanato22,5 g; G) formetanato 31,5 g. As quantidades referem-se aos produtos comerciais para 100 litros de água. Cada laranjeira recebeu 10 litros de calda. Espalhante-adesivo: "Extravon" (25 cm³/100 litros). O delineamento estatístico feito foi de blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições. Foram feitas 6 avaliações: 1 prévia e 5 após 06, 20, 36, 50 e 68 dias da aplicação. F, G e C foram os melhores tratamentos. D e E foram eficientes somente aos 06 e 20 dias e o juvenóide, aos 20, 36 e 50 dias