Veterinary Vision, Spring 2012

Veterinary Vision is a publication of The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine. This yearly magazine explores the research, teaching, and outreach services of the College of Veterinary Medicine

Veterinary Vision, Winter 2010

Veterinary Vision is a publication of The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine. This yearly magazine explores the research, teaching, and outreach services of the College of Veterinary Medicine

Veterinary Vision, Fall 2007

Veterinary Vision is a publication of The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine. This yearly magazine explores the research, teaching, and outreach services of the College of Veterinary Medicine

Veterinary Vision, Fall 2006

Veterinary Vision is a publication of The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine. This yearly magazine explores the research, teaching, and outreach services of the College of Veterinary Medicine

Migrations of Decolonization, Welfare, and the Unevenness of Citizenship in the UK, France and Portugal

Among its many global impacts, decolonization triggered the migration of several million ‘repatriates’ — white settlers or others associated with the imperial power — who left Asia and Africa and ‘returned’ to their European ‘motherlands’. This article explores the arrival of several thousand Anglo-Egyptians into Britain in 1957 following the Suez crisis, the one million pieds-noirs who left Algeria for France in 1962, and the 500,000 retornados who entered Portugal amidst the 1975 Carnation Revolution. Offering an integrated comparison of these three key moments of decolonization via the migrations they triggered, it underscores the importance of citizenship, understood here as both a ‘hard’ legal category and a set of ‘soft’ social practices. The comparison equally demonstrates how, across different national contexts, citizenship was unevenly applied. Despite holding the same rights, returnee-citizens faced discrimination from resident-citizens in subtle (and sometimes less subtle) ways. Moreover, subgroups of returnee-citizens were treated differently by the state, in a process that amounted at times to their physical and social segregation and a racialization of welfare. This unevenness of treatment illuminates how the British, French, and Portuguese national communities were reimagined in the era of decolonization, and the crucial role ‘repatriated’ citizens played in that process.publishedVersio

Returning to the “Return”: pied-noir Memories of 1962

When Algeria became an independent nation in 1962, the pieds-noirs felt compelled to leave their homeland and migrate to France. Deeply traumatic, the twin historical experiences of departure from Algeria and arrival in France were so foundational that they have structured and sustained a communal identity and collective mobilisation that now spans five decades. In seeking to articulate the trauma associated with 1962, one strategy employed by the pied-noir community has been to compare and contrast their own experiences to processes of forced migration and violent population displacement that have occurred in other international contexts. By deconstructing this apparently international framing of the pied-noir past, this article traces how this community of national migrants have attempted to negotiate their sense of being simultaneously part of and apart from their own nation. This in turn allows the evolving relationship between the community and the State to be highlighted, as well as offering an insight into how the pieds-noirs understand their position within the nation’s collective memory. The over-arching argument is that, for all pied-noir discourse encompasses a broad map of international territories and events, the route of these voyages is essentially circuitous; it always returns to their own “return” to France in 1962 and to the anxiety and ambiguity embedded in that moment.En 1962, quand l’Algérie est devenue une nation indépendante, la communauté pied-noir a été obligée de quitter sa terre natale et d’émigrer vers la France. Profondément traumatisants, ces deux moments charnières, le départ d’Algérie et l’arrivée en France, ont structuré l’identité de cette communauté et sont les fondements d’une mobilisation collective depuis cinquante ans. Cherchant à exprimer le traumatisme associé à 1962, l’une des stratégies employées par la communauté pied-noir a été de comparer son expérience, quant aux processus de migrations forcées, à d’autres déplacements violents de populations, et ce à l’échelle internationale. Cependant, en déconstruisant cette mise en scène internationale du passé pied-noir, il est possible de retracer la manière dont cette communauté de migrants nationaux a tenté de gérer le sentiment d’être à la fois français et étrangers. Cette approche permet aussi de souligner l’évolution des relations entre la communauté et l’État tout en offrant un éclairage sur la façon dont les pieds-noirs comprennent leur position au sein de la mémoire collective de la nation. Le principal argument avancé est que, si tout discours pied-noir englobe de nombreux territoires et événements internationaux, l’itinéraire de ce voyage dans la mémoire est essentiellement circulaire, il revient toujours au « retour » en France de 1962 et à l’anxiété et à l’ambiguïté incarnées par ce moment.Cuando Argelia se convirtió en una nación independiente en 1962, los pieds-noirs se vieron obligados a abandonar su tierra natal y emigrar a Francia. Aunque sumamente traumáticas, las experiencias históricas gemelas de partida de Argelia y llegada a Francia fueron tan fundamentales que han estructurado y mantenido una identidad comunitaria y una movilización colectiva que ya abarcan cinco décadas. En su intento por canalizar el trauma asociado con 1962, una de las estrategias empleadas por la comunidad de los pieds-noirs ha sido comparar y contrastar sus propias experiencias con procesos de migración forzada y con desplazamientos de población violentos, que se han desarrollado en otros contextos internacionales. A través de la deconstrucción del aparente enmarcado internacional del pasado de los pieds-noirs, este artículo identifica cómo esta comunidad de emigrantes nacionales han intentado conciliar el sentimiento de formar parte de su propia nación con el de estar alejados de ella. Esto a su vez permite resaltar la relación en evolución existente entre la comunidad y el estado, así como ofrecer un entendimiento de cómo los pieds-noirs conciben su propia posición dentro de la memoria colectiva de la nación. El argumento dominante es que, para todos los pieds-noirs el discurso incluye un amplio mapa de territorios y acontecimientos internacionales, la ruta de estas travesías es en esencia enrevesada; siempre regresando a su proprio ‘regreso’ a Francia en 1962 y a las ansiedades y ambigüedades integradas en ese momento

Adaptive Stand Up Paddleboard

The task of this project was to create an adaptive paddleboard capable of being ridden by someone who does not have full mobility in one or more of their lower extremities. This project was worked on by a team of five students - three mechanical engineers and two kinesiology students - to create an effective and robust design for the client. To do this, the team regularly met with the client and used individual and group expertise in various fields to bring the best product to the end user. The client, Damien, was a firefighter who was injured in July 2015 after a tree fell on him while he was on duty. The incident left Damien with an incomplete spinal cord injury at level T12 and L1. An incomplete spinal cord injury differs from a complete spinal cord injury in that the spinal cord is not completely severed; instead, due to vertebrae compression or fracture, the axons of a nerve are crushed or destroyed, affecting the ability of motor or sensory information to be transmitted to the brain. However, because of the incomplete nature of the injury, some motor and sensory function is still preserved. The extent of sensory and/or motor preservation is highly varied from person to person because of the difference in the amount of damage on each person’s nerve fibers. Injuries to the L1 vertebrae commonly result in mild loss of function in the hips and legs. As is typical with these types of thoracic injuries, Damien retained full function and strength in his arms and hands. Damien began working on strengthening his legs and reestablishing patterned neural activity in the Central Nervous System (CNS) through intensive therapy at Project Walk in the third quarter of 2015. The therapy is an intensive physical therapy regime; with the goal of being able to walk by the time his therapy is completed. The project was meant to be used by the client for the entirety of his therapy and beyond. For this, the team went through many designs and ideas before all settling on one style, a rear folding, low profile support that could assist the client in a standing position. This design went through a multitude of design changes and iterations as proof of concept tests and analysis was done throughout the year. Consultation with the client, sponsors, advisors, and those interested in the project or working on something similar were paramount helping the team finalize the design. The final chosen design is a modified version of the preliminary selected design. Upon presenting the final preliminary design to Damien, the team received valuable feedback regarding how he planned to use the board, as well as his progress in his ability to move his legs. The largest change Damien wanted to see in the design was the addition of a seating position on the board, which became a focus for the team. Furthermore, Damien expressed how he was very comfortable using dip bars to move his body up and down, as this is a very common movement for wheelchair users. The team took this feedback, in addition to other items, and integrated them into the design in an attempt to create the product so it uniquely fit Damien’s desires. One major breakthrough on the project was that of the insert design used to attach the structure to the board. Through research into methods to attaching structures to prefabricated paddleboards, there was no basis that could be found, as most products of this type were made building custom boards. For this project, and the help of SUP Think Tank and Ding King Surfboard Repair, the team used the “top hat” method, which consists of the following order for each of the four insert locations: two layers of carbon fiber sheets, three layers of 4 oz. fiberglass sheets, the wooden inserts, and then three more layers of 4 oz. fiberglass. Another major recognition was that of automated machining, where using CNC machines became a major help when having tried and failed and hand machining certain aspect of this project. All of this lead to the final design for the adaptive stand up paddleboard project. The final design consists of three positions, kneeling, sitting, and standing. Movement between these positions is possible with the use of the dip bars Damien suggested, and the low profile idea from the initial concept was kept. This low profile concept allows the standing and sitting support to fold down against the paddleboard, also clearing room for a more comfortable kneeling position. The entire project was made marine compatible, with the structure being made of anodized aluminum, nylon straps, and stainless steel bolts and pins. This design was made modular, so it could be removed from the board if necessary, allowing the paddleboard to progress with the client throughout his recovery and more, assisting him in all areas necessary

Pilot and feasibility studies : extending the conceptual framework

Acknowledgements Not applicable. Funding No specific funding was received for this work.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder – ERP trial. A cluster randomised controlled trial to assess the feasibility of training care coordinators to offer enhanced relapse prevention for bipolar disorder

BACKGROUND: Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a common and severe form of mental illness characterised by repeated relapses of mania or depression. Pharmacotherapy is the main treatment currently offered, but this has only limited effectiveness. A recent Cochrane review has reported that adding psycho-social interventions that train people to recognise and manage the early warning signs of their relapses is effective in increasing time to recurrence, improving social functioning and in reducing hospitalisations. However, the review also highlights the difficulties in offering these interventions within standard mental health services due to the need for highly trained therapists and extensive input of time. There is a need to explore the potential for developing Early Warning Sign (EWS) interventions in ways that will enhance dissemination. METHODS AND DESIGN: This article describes a cluster-randomised trial to assess the feasibility of training care coordinators (CCs) in community mental health teams (CMHTs) to offer Enhanced Relapse Prevention (ERP) to people with Bipolar Disorder. CMHTs in the North West of England are randomised to either receive training in ERP and to offer this to their clients, or to continue to offer treatment as usual (TAU). The main aims of the study are (1) to determine the acceptability of the intervention, training and outcome measures (2) to assess the feasibility of the design as measured by rates of recruitment, retention, attendance and direct feedback from participants (3) to estimate the design effect of clustering for key outcome variables (4) to estimate the effect size of the impact of the intervention on outcome. In this paper we provide a rationale for the study design, briefly outline the ERP intervention, and describe in detail the study protocol. DISCUSSION: This information will be useful to researchers attempting to carry out similar feasibility assessments of clinical effectiveness trials and in particular cluster randomised controlled trials

The orbit and stellar masses of the archetype colliding-wind binary WR 140

We present updated orbital elements for the Wolf-Rayet (WR) binary WR 140 (HD 193793; WC7pd + O5.5fc). The new orbital elements were derived using previously published measurements along with 160 new radial velocity measurements across the 2016 periastron passage of WR 140. Additionally, four new measurements of the orbital astrometry were collected with the CHARA Array. With these measurements, we derive stellar masses of $M_{\rm WR} = 10.31\pm0.45 M_\odot$ and $M_{\rm O} = 29.27\pm1.14 M_{\odot}$. We also include a discussion of the evolutionary history of this system from the Binary Population and Spectral Synthesis (BPASS) model grid to show that this WR star likely formed primarily through mass loss in the stellar winds, with only a moderate amount of mass lost or transferred through binary interactions.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure