Designing an interactive non-linear documentary contributed by public participation suburbs of Istanbul

Suburbs of Istanbul is a web-based interactive documentary project that examines the identity of suburban neighborhoods in Istanbul through the participation of its residents via online submission of their visual and written stories. Public participation also led the design process and helped prototype the interfaces of this non-linear documentary. This project aims to contribute to the field of interactive documentary and non-linear storytelling by integrating participatory design techniques in the prototyping process of documentary interfaces. Involving public both as content providers and as active decision makers in design process lead to a more genuine outcome with a human-centered approach. This project also intends to create an interactive experience to provide a greater insight into rapidly changing lifestyles of Turkish people, to provide a global context to the stories presented, and to generate widespread awareness of issues surrounding suburban lifestyles across the world.Publisher's Versio

Low-temperature antiferromagnetism in quaternary Mn2FeSi0.5Al0.5 alloys

In this work, the quaternary Mn2FeSi0.5Al0.5 alloys are prepared for the first time in the form of cylinder-shaped ingots by traditional induction melting technique followed by homogenization annealing at 773 K for 100 h. The microstructural and magnetic properties of as-cast and annealed Mn2FeSi0.5Al0.5 samples are analyzed in detail and compared to the Mn2FeSi and Mn2FeAl ternary alloys. The Mn2FeSi0.5Al0.5 ingots are two-phase both before and after annealing, and their diffractograms correspond to the primitive cubic β-Mn structure. Obtained lattice constant of 0.6274 nm is only slightly lower than that of Mn2FeAl alloy (0.6339 nm) and different from Mn2FeSi (0.5672 nm). The existence of both phases enriched in Si at the expense of Al and Mn was confirmed by differential thermal analysis showing two endothermic and exothermic peaks at temperatures of 1363 K and 1407 K. The magnetic properties of both quaternary samples studied in wide temperature range from 5 K to 573 K indicate paramagnetic behavior at room and elevated temperatures. The annealed system has the values of Curie temperature and effective paramagnetic moment comparable to the ternary Mn2FeAl alloy. The transition to antiferromagnetic state occurring at Néel temperatures of 34 K (as-cast sample) and 37 K (annealed sample) is caused by strong geometric frustration of β-Mn structure. The magnetic transitions observed in both samples between Néel and room temperature are discussed in terms of the existence of Griffiths phase

Low Rates of Antimicrobial-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Wildlife in Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire, Surrounded by Villages with High Prevalence of Multiresistant ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli in People and Domestic Animals

Antimicrobial resistance genes can be found in all ecosystems, including those where antibiotic selective pressure has never been exerted. We investigated resistance genes in a collection of faecal samples of wildlife (non-human primates, mice), people and domestic animals (dogs, cats) in Côte d’Ivoire; in the chimpanzee research area of Taï National Park (TNP) and adjacent villages. Single bacteria isolates were collected from antibiotic-containing agar plates and subjected to molecular analysis to detect Enterobacteriaceae isolates with plasmid-mediated genes of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR). While the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in the villages was 27% in people (n = 77) and 32% in dogs (n = 38), no ESBL-producer was found in wildlife of TNP (n = 75). PMQR genes, mainly represented by qnrS1, were also present in human- and dog-originating isolates from the villages (36% and 42% in people and dogs, respectively), but no qnrS has been found in the park. In TNP, different variants of qnrB were detected in Citrobacter freundii isolates originating non-human primates and mice. In conclusion, ESBL and PMQR genes frequently found in humans and domestic animals in the villages were rather exceptional in wildlife living in the protected area. Although people enter the park, the strict biosecurity levels they are obliged to follow probably impede transmission of bacteria between them and wildlife

Dendrogram of resistant <i>E. coli</i> isolates’ PFGE profiles.

<p>Generated by cluster analysis of the Dice similarity indices in the BioNumerics fingerprinting software (optimization 1%, band matching tolerance 1%, tolerance change 1%). Isolates marked with “cip” were obtained by cultivation on ciprofloxacin and harbored PMQR genes, isolates with “ctx” represent the CTX-M-15 producing <i>E. coli</i>. “H” isolate from human, “D” isolate from dog, “C” isolate from cat.</p

Characteristics of ESBL-producing isolates from villages.

<p>All isolates were obtained on MCA-cefotaxime.</p><p>“D” – isolate from dog, “H” – isolates from human, “C” – isolate from cat. “T” in brackets means that the resistance gene was successfully transformed into competent cells, “C” in brackets means that the gene was conjugated. Plasmids were isolated and characterized from isolates in bold font. See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113548#pone-0113548-t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a> for plasmid characteristics.</p><p>PG = phylogroup, Amp = ampicillin, Cef = cephalotin, Caz = ceftazidime, Amc = amoxycilin-clavulanate, Nal = nalidixic acid, Cip = ciprofloxacin, Tet = tetracycline, Sxt = trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Spt = streptomycin, Sul = sulfonamides compounds, Gen = gentamicin, Chl = chloramphenicol, Cpd = cefpodoxime.</p><p>Characteristics of ESBL-producing isolates from villages.</p

Characteristics of isolates with PMQR genes.

<p>Isolates were obtained on MCA-ciprofloxacin.</p><p>For legend see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113548#pone-0113548-t001" target="_blank">table 1</a>.</p><p>Characteristics of isolates with PMQR genes.</p

Characteristics of plasmids obtained by transformation.

<p>“NT”–not typable. Note: transconjugants obtained in this study contained more than one plasmid and therefore were not used for plasmid characterization.</p><p>Characteristics of plasmids obtained by transformation.</p