Sulphur and lilacs.

Set in a late-1930's mining town in West Virginia and in the broader theater of World War II, Sulphur and Lilacs is about Calvin Fisher, a young Marine whose experiences teach him about honor, duty, family, and love. As a young man, Calvin's dreams and goals are at odds with the reality of his family and town-versus-mine politics. Life in Rocky Creek holds little interest for an intelligent man with a passionate interest in history and world events. His pacifist father, a drafted World War I veteran and grocer, refuses to accept Calvin's desire to join the Marines. When Calvin's secret relationship with Valerie (daughter of his father's political rival, Coal Mine Superintendent Bernard Kline) ends up in false rape charges, Calvin resorts to a plea bargain to avoid having his and Valerie's private lives taken apart in court. While the bargain results in Calvin joining the Marines, he does not think of possible costs until after the deal is done. He has left his own honor dubious, and possibly hurt the town if his actions reflect on his father. After training, Calvin's first post is the American Embassy in Paris. Early in his assignment he meets Alice Williams, an American army nurse. Alice is a talented musician, independent minded, and has somehow survived a cheating husband and a divorce with her military career intact. It is a brief, memorable meeting. Calvin witnesses the surrender of Paris. Angered by his inability to get involved, Calvin must watch the people he has come to know suffer in their own city. When the Embassy evacuates, Calvin is transferred stateside, where he is frustrated by the lack of American involvement in the war until the Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor. During the war, Calvin faces many challenges. Alice comes back into his life. While their pasts and conflicting views make it clear that a relationship would be challenging, there is definitely attraction. Calvin's obedience is tested when his commanding officer dies and is replaced by a hard-nosed traditionalist with whom Calvin conflicts in personality and world view. Calvin survives dysentery and the Battle of Bloody Ridge on Guadalcanal, and the slaughter on Tarawa. On Iwo Jima, Calvin is gravely wounded as he takes out a Japanese machine gun nest after rescuing several men. While recovering, Calvin returns to West Virginia because his mother is dangerously ill. To pay for her medical care, Calvin convinces Kline to offer his father what the grocery store is worth in exchange for his parents leaving town. In dealing with his mother's illness, Calvin discovers that time has given him perspective. Calvin and his father reach a begrudging understanding of each other as they discuss Calvin's tactical choice in leaving Kline without competition. Calvin realizes the depth of his feelings for Alice, when seeing Valerie again is surprisingly painless. Back at Quantico, Calvin and Alice make their relationship official, aware of the difficulties still ahead. Calvin prepares to receive the Medal of Honor for his heroics on Iwo Jima

Cellphones and the Fourth Amendment: Why Cellphone Users Have a Reasonable Expectation of Privacy in their Location Information

The Fourth Amendment, which affords individuals protection from unreasonable searches and seizures, was ratified over two hundred years ago. As such, it was impossible for the Amendment’s framers to conceive the technologies that exist today. As technology progresses, courts are often faced with the task of deciding how the Fourth Amendment should apply in the modern world. As Fourth Amendment jurisprudence has developed, the Supreme Court has originated tests and doctrines for courts to use when hearing Fourth Amendment challenges to government action. One such test, the ‘reasonable expectation of privacy’ test, looks to see whether an individual has a reasonable expectation of privacy in what the government has searched or seized. If the individual does in fact have such an expectation, law enforcement can search and/or seize that item only if they have a warrant, with some exceptions. One doctrine the court has announced, the third-party doctrine, stands for the proposition that individuals do not have a reasonable expectation of privacy in information they voluntarily convey to third parties. Cellphones, and similar devices the Framers never could have imagined, are now capable of revealing users’ location information. This note argues that Fourth Amendment protections should be extended to location information. Ultimately, cellphone users do not voluntarily convey their location information to third parties and therefore have a reasonable expectation of privacy in this information

Bipolar disorder and substance abuse

The bipolar disorder and substance abuse are illness with highly autonomy limitation potential, becoming still more serious when associates. This article presents the available scientific evidences concerning the epidemiology, etiology, clinical evolution, diagnosis and pharmacological and psychosocial approaches designed for the bipolar disorder and substance abuse comorbidity.O transtorno bipolar e o uso indevido de substâncias psicoativas são doenças com alto potencial de limitação de autonomia, tornando-se ainda mais sérios quando associados. Este artigo apresenta as evidências científicas disponíveis acerca da epidemiologia, etiologia, evolução clínica, diagnóstico e tratamento farmacoterápico e psicossocial da comorbidade transtorno bipolar do humor e o uso indevido de substâncias psicoativas.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Unidade de Pesquisa em Álcool e DrogasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Programa de Doenças AfetivasUNIFESP, Unidade de Pesquisa em Álcool e DrogasUNIFESP, Programa de Doenças AfetivasSciEL

Motivar para aprender o aprender para motivar, esa es la cuestión

[ES] Este trabajo de fin de grado se realizará en torno a las variables que influyen en la motivación educativa dentro del aula de primaria, centrándose en explicar inicialmente cada variable, a través de la información recabada, exponer algunas estrategias sobre cómo trabajarlas dentro de las aulas Para ello, se procederá a realizar un breve análisis de algunas actividades correspondientes a las cuatro áreas principales de primaria, Lengua Castellana y Literatura, Matemáticas, Ciencias Sociales y Ciencias de la Naturaleza. Dicho análisis se llevará a cabo teniendo en cuenta el tipo de interés, la meta que se plantea y si se aplican o no algunas ayudas para trabajar la motivación, buscando comprobar si las actividades con mayores recursos plantean diferencias respecto a aquellas más monótonas o básicas. Una vez realizado el análisis y expuestos los resultados, se procederá a aplicar algunas de las técnicas mencionadas sobre actividades poco motivadoras, tratando de hacer visible la diferencia entre la combinación de recursos o la limitación a los libros de texto.[EN] This end-of-degree project will be carried out around the variables that influence the educational motivation within the primary classroom, focusing on initially explaining each variable, through the information collected, expose some strategies on how to work them in the classroom. For this, a brief analysis of some activities will be carried out, corresponding to the four main areas of primary school, Spanish Language and Literature, Mathematics, Social Sciences and Natural Sciences. This analysis will be carried out taking into account the interest rate, the goal that is set and if they apply or not some aids to work on motivation, seeking to check whether the activities with greater resources, they pose differences with respect to those that are more monotonous or basic. Once the analysis has been carried out and the results have been presented, some of the aforementioned techniques on unmotivating activities, trying to make visible the difference between combining resources or limiting yourself to textbooks

Predicting the occurrence of alate aphids in Brassicaceae

O objetivo deste trabalho foi prever a ocorrência de formas aladas de Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis erysimi e Myzus persicae (Hemiptera, Aphididae) em Brassicaceae. Os pulgões foram coletados com armadilhas tipo bandeja amarela com água, no período de julho de 1997 a agosto de 2005. Os picos populacionais dos pulgões foram previstos com uso de modelo de graus‑dias. Os fatores meteorológicos temperatura, umidade relativa do ar, precipitação pluvial e insolação foram utilizados para a obtenção de índices de precisão para determinar o melhor previsor da data da primeira captura de pulgões alados pelas armadilhas. O modelo de graus‑dias indicou que o pico populacional dessas espécies de pulgões pode ser previsto ao se utilizar uma das seguintes datas biofix: primeiro de janeiro, primeiro de junho e data da primeira captura de alados das espécies de pulgão por armadilha tipo bandeja amarela com água. O melhor previsor da ocorrência de B. brassicae é o número de dias com temperatura mínima >15°C, e de L. erysimi e M. persicae, o número de dias com ocorrência de chuvas.The objective of this work was to predict the occurrence of alates of Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis erysimi, and Myzus persicae (Hemiptera, Aphididae) in Brassicaceae. The alate aphids were collected in yellow water traps from July 1997 to August 2005. Aphid population peaks were predicted using a degree‑day model. The meteorological factors, temperature, air relative humidity, rainfall, and sunshine hours, were used to provide precision indexes to evaluate the best predictor for the date of the first capture of alate aphids by the traps. The degree‑day model indicated that the peak population of the evaluated aphid species can be predicted using one of the following biofix dates: January 1st, June 1st, and the date of the first capture of the alate aphid species by the yellow water traps. The best predictor of B. brassicae occurrence is the number of days with minimum temperature >15°C, and of L. erysimi and M. persicae, the number of days with rainfall occurrence

Occurrence of alate aphids and their relationship with meteorological factors and host plants

The objective of this work was to determine the flight patterns and the influence of meteorological factors and Brassicaceae on the populations of the alate aphids Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis erysimi and Myzus persicae. The alate aphids were sampled using yellow water traps between July of 1997 and August of 2005. The Pearson partial correlation was used to determine the influence of air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and insolation on the abundance of alate. The influence of Brassicaceae was assessed by accumulated degree-days of these plants. Lipaphis erysimi was more abundant than M. persicae and B. brassicae. The alate B. brassicae showed the highest flight frequency between August and October, with the abundance peak in September. The flight frequency of L. erysimi and M. persicae were longer than B. brassicae, with the alate abundance peaks of L. erysimi and M. persicae observed from April to November and from June to October, respectively. The population of B. brassicae showed significant correlation with the maximum and minimum temperatures, insolation and relative humidity, while L. erysimi and M. persicae were only affected by insolation and relative humidity.O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o padrão de revoadas e a infl uência de fatores meteorológicos e de Brassicaceae sobre populações de formas aladas dos pulgões Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis erysimi e Myzus persicae. Os pulgões foram amostrados em armadilhas tipo bandeja amarela com água, entre julho de 1997 e agosto de 2005. A correlação parcial de Pearson foi utilizada para verificar a influência da temperatura do ar, umidade relativa, chuva e insolação na abundância de alados das três espécies. A influência de brassicáceas foi avaliada pelo cálculo do número de graus-dia acumulados acima da temperatura base inferior dessas plantas. Lipaphis erysimi foi mais numerosa que M. persicae e B. brassicae. Os alados de B. brassicae apresentaram revoadas que predominaram de agosto a outubro, com o pico de abundância em setembro. Os períodos de revoada de L. erysimi e M. persicae foram mais longos que o de B. brassicae, com os maiores picos de L. erysimi e M. persicae observados de abril a novembro e de junho a outubro, respectivamente. A população de B. brassicae teve correlação significativa com as temperaturas máxima e mínima, insolação e umidade relativa do ar, enquanto L. erysimi e M. persicae foram afetadas apenas pela insolação e umidade relativa

Exigências térmicas de Brevicoryne brassicae e previsão de picos populacionais

The objective of this work was to determine the thermal requirements of Brevicoryne brassicae L., Hemiptera: Aphididae under laboratory and field conditions and to predict the occurrence of peak population of adults, using a degree-day model. In laboratory, the experiments were conducted in climatic chambers at 15, 20, 25, 27 and 30oC, and the lower developmental thermal threshold (Tb = 4.5oC) and the thermal constant (K = 176.1 degree-day) were evaluated. The thermal requirements under field conditions were estimated in six experiments, to establish the average time of development of nymphs and the average environmental temperature. The results estimated for Tb and K were 3.5oC and 180.0 degree-day, respectively. The results of Tb and K determined from laboratory data allow more accurate predictions of occurrence of B. brassicae adults than the results of Tb and K determined from field experiments.O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as exigências térmicas do pulgão-da-couve, Brevicoryne brassicae L., Hemiptera: Aphididae, em condições de laboratório e campo, e prever a ocorrência de picos populacionais de adultos, por meio de um modelo de graus-dia. Em laboratório, os experimentos foram conduzidos em câmaras climatizadas reguladas a 15, 20, 25, 27 e 30oC, obtendo-se o limite térmico inferior de desenvolvimento (Tb = 4,5oC) e a constante térmica (K = 176,1 graus-dia). Na determinação das exigências térmicas sob condições de campo, realizaram-se seis experimentos, a partir dos quais obteve-se o tempo médio de desenvolvimento de ninfas e a temperatura média ambiental. Os resultados estimados de Tb e K foram 3,5oC e 180,0 graus-dia, respectivamente. Os resultados de Tb e K obtidos em laboratório possibilitam prever com maior precisão a ocorrência de adultos de B. brassicae do que os resultados de Tb e K determinados a partir de experimentos em campo