Two-Point, Two Component, Velocity Measurements in Turbulent Pipe Flow

An experimental study of the turbulent velocity field structure was performed in a pipe flow. The primary objective of this study was to provide a detailed velocity field structure, under isothermal conditions, for use as a reference condition for later investigations of the interactions between fluctuating velocity and temperature fields, under non-isothermal conditions, in turbulent pipe flow. Two-point, two-component (u1 and u2) velocity correlation measurements were made with hot-film (\u27x\u27 probes) anemometers separated in the radial direction as well as two-point axial component correlation measurements with axial separation. The fluctuating signals were analyzed digitally and both space and space-time correlations were calculated. Spatial scales for each velocity component were determined and then used in the modeling of two-point space correlations in terms of axisymmetric tensor forms. Finally isocorrelation curves were evaluated from the axisymmetric models to test their prediction capabilities

Obtenção de plantas homozigotas derivadas de brs pontal com o transgene derivado de Embrapa 5.1.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a transferência do transgene do Embrapa 5.1 para variedades comerciais

Transformação de feijoeiro com o gene oxalato oxidase para resistência ao mofo branco causado por Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary.

No presente trabalho propôs-se transformar o feijoeiro com uma construção gênica para expressar o gene oxalato descarboxilase, objetivando a resistência ao fungo agente causal do mofo branco.CONAFE

Association between genetic polymorphisms in apoptosis-related genes and risk of cutaneous melanoma in women and men

The P53 Arg72Pro, MDM2 c.+309T > G, BAX c.-248G > A, and BCL2 c.-717C > A polymorphisms have variable roles in the apoptosis pathways. The P53 Arg72Pro, MDM2 c.+309T > G, BAX c.-248G > A, and BCL2 c.-717C > A polymorphisms have variable roles in the apoptosis pathways. Genomic DNA of 200 CM patients and 215 controls was analyzed by PCR-RFLP. In women, the frequencies of BAX GG (83.0% vs. 71.0%, P = 0.04), BM AA (32.0% vs. 15.0%, P = 0.003), P53 ArgArg plus BAX GG (84.9% vs. 63.2%, P = 0.01), P53 ArgArg plus BCL2 AA (37.0% vs. 13.1%, P = 0.003), BAX GG plus BCL2 AA (70.3% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.001), MDM2 GG plus BAX GG plus BCL2 AA (27.3% vs. 3.7%, P = 0.03), and P53 ArgArg plus MDM2 GG plus BAX GG plus BCL2 AA (33.3% vs. 5.6%, P = 0.04) genotypes were higher in patients than in controls. Female carriers of the respective genotypes were under 1.98 (95% CI: 1.01-3.91), 2.87 (95% CI: 1.43-5.77), 3.48 (95% CI: 1.34-9.04), 4.23 (95% CI: 1.63-10.96), 6.04 (95% CI: 2.10-17.37), 25.61 (95% CI: 1.29-507.24), and 25.69 (95% CI: 1.11-593.59)-fold increased risks for CM than others, respectively. In men, the frequencies of BCL2 CA + AA (83.0% vs. 67.6%, P = 0.01) and MDM2 TG + GG plus BCL2 CA + AA (94.2% vs. 68.3%, P = 0.003) genotypes were higher in patients than in controls. Male carriers of the respective genotypes were under 2.43 (95% CI: 1.23-4.82) and 9.22 (95% CI: 2.16-39.31)-fold increased CM risks than others, respectively. The data suggest for the first time that P53 Arg72Pro, MDM2 c.+309T > G, BAX c.-248G > A, and BCL2 c.-717C > A polymorphisms, enrolled in apoptosis pathways, constitute distinct determinants of CM in women and men742135141FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP2009/12602-0; 2010/18904-

Lacrimal Gland Involvement in Blepharophimosis-Ptosis-Epicanthus Inversus Syndrome

PURPOSE: To describe the involvement of the lacrimal gland (LG) in blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES). DESIGN: Observational, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-one patients with BPES (10 female, 11 male) aged on average 15 years (range, 2-39 years), from 3 Brazilian medical centers and 1 Portuguese medical center. METHODS: Patients had their ocular surface evaluated with slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and tear production quantified with the Schirmer test I. The LG volumes were measured on computed tomography (CT) scans in the BPES sample and in a group of age-matched subjects imaged for nonorbital diseases. Sixteen patients were screened for mutations in the FOXL2 gene. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Lacrimal meniscus height, Schirmer test I, presence of superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK), LG volume, and molecular analysis of the FOXL2 gene. RESULTS: Absence of LG was detected bilaterally in 9 patients (42.8%) and unilaterally in 2 patients (9.5%). When considering only patients with measurable LG, the median volume was 0.22 cm3 in the right eye (range, 0.06-0.36 cm3) and 0.24 cm3 in the left eye (range, 0.08-0.34 cm3). These values were significantly lower than those for the age-matched controls (median = 0.54 right eye and 0.53 left eye; P < 0.05). There was a significant association between deficiency of tear production and LG volume reduction and agenesis. Molecular analysis of the FOXL2 gene revealed the presence of 8 distinct mutations, 4 of them novel ones. A significant reduction of LG size or agenesis was associated with mutations affecting protein size (due to underlying changes in the stop codon location) or the DNA-binding forkhead domain (Fisher exact test, P = 0.021). In 3 probands, the underlying genetic defect was not found. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study reporting LG volumes in BPES, describing a significant number of patients with LG agenesis. The association between alacrima and BPES is not incidental, and a thorough evaluation of tear production is recommended especially if ptosis surgery is planned.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

New risks and challenges within the context of OSCE

A Organização para a Segurança e Cooperação na Europa (OSCE) é um instrumento fundamental para a cooperação na região Euro- -Atlântica no combate às novas ameaças que surgiram com os atentados de 11 de Setembro. Uma das principais tarefas da OSCE é a de funcionar como um instrumento de alerta precoce no caso de novos desafios e ameaças à segurança internacional. A organização pode ser um fórum onde se estabelecem novas normas e princípios de segurança e processos de cooperação entre os Estados. A luta contra o terrorismo tornou-se uma das prioridades da OSCE, e devido à sua experiência nesse domí- nio pode vir a ter um papel preponderante no âmbito das instituições Euro-Atlânticas