AVALIAÇÃO DA XEROSTOMIA EM PACIENTES COM CÂNCER DE CABEÇA E PESCOÇO SUBMETIDOS AO TRATAMENTO RADIOTERÁPICO

Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre a xerostomia e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com câncer de cabeça e   pescoço submetidos ao tratamento radioterápico. Metodologia: Estudo prospectivo do tipo caso controle, desenvolvido no Hospital Ophir Loyola, com    amostra constituída de 20 pacientes. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em duas etapas, antes e após a radioterapia, com aplicação de um formulário próprio, questionário QLQ-H&N35 e a aplicação da sialometria espontânea.  Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se o Microsoft Office Excel 2010 e o programa Bioestat 5.4. Resultados: Alta prevalência do gênero masculino (85%), grupo etário de 51 a 70 anos (40%) e CID 10 mais frequente C 32 (55%). Destacou-se o não uso de prótese dentária (60%), o tabagismo (85%) e o etilismo (95%).  Houve predominância de tratamento com objetivo radical (85%), com 2Gy de dose fração de radiação (80%) e terapia concomitante de quimioterapia (60%) com o uso de cisplatina (100%).  Observou-se que a prevalência de xerostomia após a radioterapia foi de 100%.  Os escores do EORTC H&N35 medidos antes da radioterapia variaram de 40 a 90 pontos e após de 50 a 100 pontos. Conclusão: Após a radioterapia, constatou-se redução do fluxo salivar, aumento da prevalência da xerostomia e a piora da qualidade de vida

Cuidado transicional de pacientes pós-COVID-19: da alta hospitalar para o domicílio

Objective: To assess the quality of the care transition of post-COVID-19 patients who were discharged from the hospital service to their home. Method: Quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study carried out in a university hospital in Northern Brazil, from May to December 2021. The sample consisted of 49 participants. Data collection took place through a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Care Transitions Measure (CTM-15) translated and validated into Portuguese. Results: The mean score for the transition of care was 87.4 (±16.1). Factor 1 (Self-Management Training) had an average score of 82.6 (± 14.8), Factor 2 (Understanding of Medication) 86.6 (± 15.0), Factor 3 (Respected Preferences) 82.0 ( ± 16.7) and Factor 4 (Care Plan) 81.2 (± 18.2). Conclusion: The quality of the care transition perceived by the patient recovered from COVID-19, or by their caregivers, in the process of hospital discharge to home, was considered high, evidencing the involvement of the multidisciplinary team in the preparation and guidelines for the follow-up of care. at home, reducing the rates of readmissions and post-discharge complications.Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de la transición asistencial de los pacientes post-COVID-19 que fueron dados de alta del servicio hospitalario a su domicilio. Método: Estudio cuantitativo, transversal, descriptivo y analítico realizado en un hospital universitario del Norte de Brasil, de mayo a diciembre de 2021. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 49 participantes. La recolección de datos ocurrió a través de un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la Medida de Transiciones de Atención (CTM-15) traducida y validada para el portugués. Resultados: La puntuación media para la transición de cuidados fue de 87,4 (±16,1). El Factor 1 (Entrenamiento de Automanejo) tuvo un puntaje promedio de 82.6 (± 14.8), el Factor 2 (Comprensión de Medicamentos) 86.6 (± 15.0), el Factor 3 (Preferencias Respetadas) 82.0 (± 16.7) y el Factor 4 (Plan de Cuidados) 81,2 (± 18,2). Conclusión: La calidad de la transición asistencial percibida por el paciente recuperado de COVID-19, o por sus cuidadores, en el proceso de alta hospitalaria a domicilio, fue considerada alta, evidenciando el involucramiento del equipo multidisciplinario en la elaboración y orientaciones para el seguimiento de la atención. en casa, reduciendo las tasas de reingresos y complicaciones posteriores al alta.Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade da transição do cuidado de pacientes pós-COVID-19 que tiveram alta do serviço hospitalar para o domicílio. Método: Estudo quantitativo, do tipo transversal, descritivo e analítico realizado em um hospital universitário no Norte do Brasil, de maio a dezembro de 2021. A amostra foi composta por 49 participantes. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico e do instrumento de avaliação da transição de cuidados, o Care Transitions Measure (CTM-15) traduzido e validado para o português. Resultados: A pontuação média para a transição do cuidado foi de 87,4 (±16,1). O Fator 1 (Treinamento de Autogestão) obteve uma pontuação média de 82,6 (± 14,8), Fator 2 (Entendimento da Medicação) 86,6 (± 15,0), Fator 3 (Preferências Respeitadas) 82,0 (± 16,7) e Fator 4 (Plano de Cuidados) 81,2 (±18,2). Conclusão: A qualidade da transição do cuidado percebida pelo paciente recuperado de COVID-19, ou por seus cuidadores, no processo de alta hospitalar para o domicílio, foi considerada alta, evidenciando o envolvimento da equipe multiprofissional no preparo e orientações para o seguimento dos cuidados no domicílio, reduzindo as taxas de re-internações e complicações pós alta hospitalar

Transição do cuidado de pacientes pós-Covid-19: perfil sociodemográfico, clínico e fatores associados

Objective: to identify the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and factors associated with the transition of care for patients recovered from Covid-19. Method: a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach carried out with 49 patients and/or caregivers who were discharged home from a university hospital. Three instruments were used, the sociodemographic questionnaire, the clinical questionnaire, and the Care Transitions Measure instrument to assess the transition of care. The analysis was performed using SPSS software, applying the Mann-Whitney test, adopting a significance level of p 0,005. Results: of the 49 participants, they were male (59.2%) with a mean age of 50 years, with more than 10 years of schooling. The main symptoms of Covid-19 were dyspnea (79.6%) followed by fatigue (75.5%) and fever (69.4%). The most prevalent comorbidity was systemic arterial hypertension (32.7%). There was a significant association between the transition of care and comorbidities (Diabetes mellitus, Obesity and Cancer) (p0,005). Conclusion and implications for practice: Covid-19 coping practices were successful, reflecting the transition from high care. However, the need to implement public policies after hospital discharge in a pandemic context is highlighted. Objetivo: identificar las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y factores asociados a la transición de la atención a pacientes recuperados de Covid-19. Método: estudio transversal con abordaje cuantitativo realizado con 49 pacientes y/o cuidadores que fueron dados de alta de un hospital universitario. Se utilizaron tres instrumentos, el cuestionario sociodemográfico, el cuestionario clínico y el instrumento Care Transitions Measure para evaluar la transición del cuidado. El análisis se realizó mediante el software SPSS, aplicando la prueba de Mann-Whitney, adoptando un nivel de significancia de p 0,005. Resultados: de los 49 participantes, eran del sexo masculino (59,2%) con una edad media de 50 años, con más de 10 años de escolaridad. Los principales síntomas de la Covid-19 fueron disnea (79,6 %) seguida de fatiga (75,5 %) y fiebre (69,4 %). La comorbilidad más prevalente fue la hipertensión arterial sistémica (32,7%). Hubo asociación significativa entre la transición de cuidados y las comorbilidades (Diabetes mellitus, Obesidad y Cáncer) (p0,005). Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica: las prácticas de afrontamiento de Covid-19 fueron exitosas, lo que refleja la transición desde la alta atención. Sin embargo, se destaca la necesidad de implementar políticas públicas tras el alta hospitalaria en contexto de pandemia.Objetivo: identificar as características sociodemográficas, clínicas e fatores associados à transição do cuidado de pacientes recuperados de Covid-19. Método: estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa realizado com 49 pacientes e/ou cuidadores que receberam alta hospitalar para o domicílio em um hospital universitário. Utilizou-se três instrumentos, o questionário sociodemográfico, o clínico e o instrumento Care Transitions Measure para avaliar a transição do cuidado. A análise foi realizada por meio do software SPSS, aplicado o Teste de Mann-Whitney adotado nível de significância p 0,005. Resultados: dos 49 participantes, eram do sexo masculino (59,2%) com média de idade de 50 anos apresentando escolaridade acima de 10 anos de estudo. Os principais sintomas da Covid-19 foram dispneia (79,6%) seguidos de fadiga (75,5%) e febre (69,4%). A comorbidade mais prevalente foi a Hipertensão arterial sistêmica (32,7%). Houve associação significativa entre a transição do cuidado com as comorbidades (Diabetes mellitus, Obesidade e Câncer) (p0,005). Conclusão e implicações para a prática: as práticas de enfrentamento a Covid-19 foram bem-sucedidas refletindo na transição do cuidado alta. Contudo ressalta-se a necessidade de implementação de políticas públicas após alta hospitalar em contexto pandêmico.&nbsp

ENSINO SUPERIOR EM ENFERMAGEM EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DA COVID-19

To mitigate the transmission of the COVID-19 virus, social distancing and Emergency Remote Education (ERE) were adopted in Brazil, this transition occurred abruptly, generating impacts on higher education in nursing. The aim of this study is to analyze the ERE in public and private higher education in the state of Pará during the context of the Covid-19 pandemic from the perspective of nursing students. This is a descriptive exploratory study, of the survey type, with a quantitative approach, carried out between September and December 2020. To recruit participants, the Snowball technique was used, where the link to the online questionnaire was shared on social networks. The questionnaire contained 24 questions referring to 3 domains: characterization of the participants; evaluation of internet access and nursing teaching-learning during the pandemic. A difficult transition from traditional face-to-face teaching to ERE was identified between the two groups, with better accessibility, greater negative impact of ERE on private HEI students. The impact of the ERE on the training of professional nurses was divergent, whose positive view among academics from private HEIs was related to the end of activities, while negative to those from the public sector would like to ensure the assured clinical practice.Para mitigar la transmisión del virus COVID-19, se adoptó el distanciamiento social y la Educación Remota de Emergencia (ERS) en Brasil, esta transición ocurrió abruptamente generando impactos en la educación superior de enfermería. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el ERS en la educación superior pública y privada en el estado de Pará durante el contexto de la pandemia de Covid-19 desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes de enfermería. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo exploratorio, del tipo encuesta, de abordaje cuantitativo, realizado entre septiembre y diciembre de 2020. Para reclutar participantes, se utilizó la técnica Snowball, donde el enlace del cuestionario en línea se compartió en las redes sociales. El cuestionario contenía 24 preguntas relacionadas con 3 dominios: caracterización de los participantes; evaluación del acceso a internet y de la enseñanza-aprendizaje de enfermería durante la pandemia. Se identificó una difícil transición de la educación tradicional en el aula a la RES entre los dos grupos, con una mejor accesibilidad, un mayor impacto negativo de ERE en los estudiantes privados de IES. El impacto del ERE en la formación del profesional de enfermería fue divergente, cuya visión positiva entre los académicos de las IES privadas se relacionó con el final de las actividades, mientras que negativa para los del público le gustaría tener que asegurar la práctica clínica asegurada.Para mitigar a transmissão do vírus do COVID-19, adotou-se o distanciamento social e o Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE) no Brasil, essa transição ocorreu de forma abrupta gerando impactos no ensino superior de enfermagem. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o ERE na educação superior pública e privada no estado do Pará durante contexto da pandemia da Covid-19 na perspectiva dos acadêmicos de enfermagem. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório, do tipo survey, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado entre setembro a dezembro de 2020. Para recrutamento de participantes utilizou-se da técnica Bola de neve, onde o link do questionário online foi compartilhado nas redes sociais. O questionário continha 24 questões referentes a 3 domínios: caracterização dos participantes; avaliação do acesso à internet e o ensino-aprendizagem em Enfermagem durante a pandemia. Identificou-se uma difícil transição do ensino tradicional presencial para o ERE entre os dois grupos, com melhor acessibilidade, maior impacto negativo do ERE nos acadêmicos de IES privada. O impacto do ERE à formação do profissional enfermeiro foi divergente, cujos visão positiva entre os acadêmicos de IES privada foi relacionada ao término das atividades, enquanto negativa àqueles da pública gostariam de ter a assegurar a prática clínica assegurada

Assessment of the sensory and physical limitations imposed by leprosy in a Brazilian Amazon Population

Introduction: Leprosy often results in sensory and physical limitations. This study aimed to evaluate these limitations using a quantitative approach in leprosy patients in Belém (Pará, Brazil). Methods: This epidemiological, cross-sectional study measured the sensory impairment of smell and taste through the use of a questionnaire and evaluated activity limitations of daily life imposed by leprosy through the Screening of Activity Limitation and Safety Awareness (SALSA) Scale. Data were collected from 84 patients and associations between the degree of disability and clinical and epidemiological characteristics were assessed. Results: The majority of patients were men (64.3%), married (52.4%), age 31-40 years old (26.2%), had primary education (50%), and were independent laborers (36.9%). The multibacillary operational classification (81%), borderline clinical form (57.1%), and 0 degrees of physical disability (41.7%) were predominant. SALSA scores ranged from 17 to 59 points, and being without limitations was predominant (53.6%). The risk awareness score ranged from 0 to 8, with a score of 0 (no awareness of risk) being the most common (56%). Evaluation of smell and taste sensory sensitivities revealed that 70.2% did not experience these sensory changes. Patients with leprosy reactions were 7 times more likely to develop activity limitations, and those who had physical disabilities were approximately four times more likely to develop a clinical picture of activity limitations. Conclusions: Most patients showed no sensory changes, but patients with leprosy reactions were significantly more likely to develop activity limitations. Finally, further studies should be performed, assessing a higher number of patients to confirm the present results

Sociodemographic Profile, Health Conditions, and Burden of Informal Caregivers of Older Adults in Brazil During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional, Exploratory, Noninterventional, Descriptive Study

BackgroundDemographic changes in the world population have resulted in an increasingly aging society, with a progressive increase in the number of people in situations of dependence, who require assistance from family members to meet their basic needs. Caring for older adults involves performing diverse activities, resulting in reduced free time and tiredness, and fulfilling the demands and expectations related to personal, family, physical, and social life, consequently compromising the quality of life of the caregiver. In this context, the informal caregiver of hospitalized older adults emerges as the focus of attention. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe the sociodemographic profile, health conditions, and burden of informal caregivers of older adults admitted to a university hospital in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic period. MethodsThis is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study that was conducted with 25 informal caregivers of hospitalized older adults in a university hospital in Brazil between August and September 2022. Three instruments were applied: Caregiver Burden Inventory, sociodemographic questionnaire, and health conditions questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 28.0. Descriptive (frequency and percentage) and inferential analyses were performed using 2-sided Student t test with 95% CIs. ResultsOf the 25 interviewees, 18 (72%) were females, 17 (46%) were married or in a stable union, 14 (56%) completed secondary education, and 11 (44%) lived with the older adults who needed care. The average age of the participants was 44 (SD 12.8) years. Regarding their health conditions, most caregivers self-reported it as good (12/25, 48%). They provided care to their father or mother older than 70 years (14/25, 56%). The Caregiver Burden Inventory analysis showed that the caregivers were the most negatively impacted in the domains of personal life overload (mean 10.8, SD 3.46; P=.047) and physical overload (mean 10.6, SD 2.32; P=.02). ConclusionsIn recent years, there has been an increase in the burden on informal caregivers of hospitalized older adults in Brazil, thereby impacting their personal and physical lives. The findings of our study show that health care professionals should be trained to promote health guidelines and actions to improve the personal and physical lives of the caregiver population in Brazil

The relevance of a diagnostic and counseling service for people living with HTLV-1/2 in a metropolis of the Brazilian Amazon

This study received financial support from the National Council of Science and Technology (CNPq # 442522/2019-3 and CNPQ # 302935/2021-5) and the Ministry of Health of Brazil and the Pan American Health Organization (#SCON2021-00310).Federal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilFederal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilFederal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilFederal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilFederal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilFederal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilMinistério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, BrasilFederal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilFederal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilFederal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilFederal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilFederal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilFederal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilFederal University of Pará. Institute of Biological Sciences. Laboratory of Virology. Belém, PA, BrazilIntroduction: To identify the prevalence of infection in the urban area of the capital city of Belém, Brazil, the Laboratory of Virology of the Federal University of Pará implemented, as a public service, serological screening for human T-lymphotropic viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) infection and, if necessary, counseling service and referral to specialized medical care. The project is funded by the National Council of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Health of Brazil and the Pan American Health Organization. Methods: From January 2020 to June 2021, 1,572 individuals of both sexes were approached to answer a questionnaire and were tested using an enzyme immunoassay (Murex HTLV-I+II, DiaSorin, Dartford, UK). Seropositive samples were confirmed as HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infection by line immunoassay (INNO-LIA® HTLV I/II Score, Fujirebio, Japan) and/or by real-time polymerase chain reaction. G and Fisher's exact tests were applied to identify the association between epidemiological characteristics and HTLV-1/2 infection. Results: Of the 1,572 screened individuals, 63.74% were females between the ages of 30 and 59 years (49.04%). Infection was confirmed in six individuals (0.38%), among whom three (0.19%) were infected with HTLV-1 and three with HTLV-2 (0.19%). Blood transfusion before 1993 was the main risk factor associated with the route of exposure to the virus (p = 0.0442). The infected individuals were referred to a counseling session with a nursing professional, and two patients who manifested signs and symptoms suggestive of myelopathy associated with HTLV were referred to a neurologist. Conclusion: The implementation of the screening service revealed the occurrence of moderate endemicity of HTLV-1/2 in Belém, reinforcing the importance of continuing the service as a means of establishing an early diagnosis and providing counseling as a measure to prevent and control viral transmission in the general population