The effects of therapy by women above 60 years with metabolic disorders

WSTĘP. Niniejsza praca przedstawia efektywność terapii w postaci wysiłku fizycznego oraz diety redukcyjnej na stan zdrowia kobiet po 60. roku życia z zaburzeniami metabolicznymi, takimi jak cukrzyca typu 2 oraz otyłość brzuszna z uwzględnieniem wybranych parametrów wysiłkowych. Celem pracy było pokazanie skuteczności regularnego wysiłku fizycznego oraz diety w poprawie stanu zdrowia pacjentek. MATERIAŁ I METODY. Materiał stanowiła grupa 23 kobiet w wieku 61-69 lat. Wszystkie badane były chore na cukrzycę typu 2 i występowała u nich otyłość brzuszna. Badania prowadzono przez pół roku i objęły kontrolę masy ciała, obwodów talii, bioder oraz uda, wartości wskaźników masy ciała (BMI) i talia-biodro (WHR), stężenia glukozy, ciśnienia tętniczego i ogólnego samopoczucia przy zastosowaniu odpowiednio dobranej lekkostrawnej diety oraz aktywności fizycznej w postaci gimnastyki ogólnousprawniającej. WYNIKI. Wyniki niniejszych badań wykazały, że wysiłek fizyczny oraz dieta zastosowane u badanych pacjentek spowodowały zmniejszenie masy ciała, spadek ciśnienia tętniczego oraz tętna spoczynkowego i wysiłkowego, a także spadek wartości BMI, WHR oraz stężenia glukozy we krwi. WNIOSKI. Terapia wysiłkiem fizycznym oraz dietą lekkostrawną jest skuteczną metodą na poprawienie ogólnego stanu zdrowia, uzyskanie spadku masy ciała, zmniejszenie wartości BMI i WHR oraz parametrów wysiłkowych, takich jak ciśnienie tętnicze wysiłkowe i spoczynkowe, a także stężenie glukozy we krwi. Endokrynologia, Otyłość i Zaburzenia Przemiany Materii 2010, tom 6, nr 2, 72-77INTRODUCTION. Current work presents effects of therapy which was physical activity and reduction diet for health patients above 60 years with metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes type 2. The aim of the study was to show effects of regular physical effort on the health of patients MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study group was composed of 23 woman aged 61 to 69 with diabetes type 2 and obesity. The examination was taking 6 months and consisted body mass control, glukose level, blood preassure control in using special light diet and physical activity (all round gymnastic) RESULTS. Present researches showed that regular physical effort and light diet which was using caused body mass (BMI, WHR), blood preassure (before and after physical effort) and glucose level low. CONCLUSIONS. A physical effort nad light diet therapy is a effective method for making better of general health nad exercise parameters by reaserching women. Endocrinology, Obesity and Metabolic Disorders 2010, vol. 6, No 2, 72-7

Physical fitness in obese women

WSTĘP. Celem pracy było porównanie pojemności i wentylacji płuc, częstości rytmu serca i stężenia mleczanów w surowicy u otyłych kobiet w zależności od czasu trwania wysiłku na cykloergometrze. MATERIAŁ I METODY. Badaniem objęto 34 otyłe kobiety [wiek 36,2 ± 13,6 roku; masa ciała 95,5 ± 16,5 kg; wskaźnik masy ciała (BMI, body mass index) 36,0 ± 5,7 kg/m2]. U wszystkich przeprowadzono test wysiłkowy na cykloergometrze, a maksymalny czas jego trwania wynosił 9 minut przy wzrastającym obciążeniu (0-3 minuta - 50 W; 3–6 minuta - 100 W; 6–9 minuta - 150 W) (program Ketler). Czynność serca w czasie testu monitorowano za pomocą pulsoksymetru. Przed testem wykonano badanie spirometryczne. Przed wysiłkiem i po wysiłku oznaczono stężenie mleczanów we krwi. Badane osoby podzielono na 2 podgrupy w zależności od czasu trwania testu wysiłkowego. WYNIKI. W podgrupie kobiet, u których test wysiłkowy trwał powyżej 6 minut zaobserwowano istotnie wyższe wartości tętna w czasie wysiłku, nie stwierdzono natomiast różnic między odsetkiem tętna maksymalnego i wartością maksymalnego poboru tlenu (VO2max, maximum oxygen consumption). Stężenie mleczanów po wysiłku oraz pojemność życiowa płuc (VC, vital capacity) były istotnie wyższe u osób, które osiągnęły wyższe obciążenie. W badanych podgrupach nie wykazano różnic między całkowitą objętością płuc (TLV, total lung volume). WNIOSKI. Wydaje się, że wydolność fizyczna otyłych kobiet bez chorób towarzyszących zależy od stopnia wytrenowania, a takie parametry jak: wiek, masa ciała, wskaźnik BMI, masa tłuszczu, pojemność życiowa płuc, maksymalny pobór tlenu i najwyższe wartości tętna w czasie testu na cykloergometrze nie wpływają na czas trwania testu wysiłkowego.INTRODUCTION. The aim of the study was to compare vital capacity and ventilation, heart rate, aerobic threshold and lactate concentration in obese women in relation to the length of exercise on cycloergometer. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study involved 34 obese women (age 36.2 ± 13, body weight 95.5 ± 16.5 kg; BMI 36.0 ± 5.7 kg/m2). All subjects performed a cycloergometer stress test (0–3 minutes - 50 W; 3–6 minutes - 100 W; 6–9 minutes - 150 W) (Ketler program). Heart rate during test was recorded using a pulse oximeter. Spirometry was carried out before the test. Lactate concentrations were measured before and after the exercise test. Subjects were divided into two subgroups in relation to the duration of the exercise test. RESULTS. Higher heart rate was observed in the subjects who performed the exercise test longer than 6 minutes. There were no differences in the percentage of maximal heart rate and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) between groups. The accumulation of blood lactate during exercise and vital capacity (VC) was greater in the group with higher work load. There were no differences in total lung volume (TLV) in both groups. CONCLUSIONS. Age, body mass, BMI, fat mass, vital capacity (VC), maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and the percentage of maximal heart rate seem not to influence the duration of the exercise test’s duration. It seems that physical fitness in obese women depends on the level of training

DE-PASS Best Evidence Statement (BESt): modifiable determinants of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents aged 5–19 years–a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Physical activity among children and adolescents remains insufficient, despite the substantial efforts made by researchers and policymakers. Identifying and furthering our understanding of potential modifiable determinants of physical activity behaviour (PAB) and sedentary behaviour (SB) is crucial for the development of interventions that promote a shift from SB to PAB. The current protocol details the process through which a series of systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses (MAs) will be conducted to produce a best-evidence statement (BESt) and inform policymakers. The overall aim is to identify modifiable determinants that are associated with changes in PAB and SB in children and adolescents (aged 5–19 years) and to quantify their effect on, or association with, PAB/SB. Methods and analysis A search will be performed in MEDLINE, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PsychINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled trials (CTs) that investigate the effect of interventions on PAB/SB and longitudinal studies that investigate the associations between modifiable determinants and PAB/SB at multiple time points will be sought. Risk of bias assessments will be performed using adapted versions of Cochrane’s RoB V.2.0 and ROBINS-I tools for RCTs and CTs, respectively, and an adapted version of the National Institute of Health’s tool for longitudinal studies. Data will be synthesised narratively and, where possible, MAs will be performed using frequentist and Bayesian statistics. Modifiable determinants will be discussed considering the settings in which they were investigated and the PAB/SB measurement methods used. Ethics and dissemination No ethical approval is needed as no primary data will be collected. The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications and academic conferences where possible. The BESt will also be shared with policy makers within the DE-PASS consortium in the first instance

DE-PASS Best Evidence Statement (BESt): modifiable determinants of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents aged 5-19 years-a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Physical activity among children and adolescents remains insufficient, despite the substantial efforts made by researchers and policymakers. Identifying and furthering our understanding of potential modifiable determinants of physical activity behaviour (PAB) and sedentary behaviour (SB) is crucial for the development of interventions that promote a shift from SB to PAB. The current protocol details the process through which a series of systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses (MAs) will be conducted to produce a best-evidence statement (BESt) and inform policymakers. The overall aim is to identify modifiable determinants that are associated with changes in PAB and SB in children and adolescents (aged 5-19 years) and to quantify their effect on, or association with, PAB/SB. Methods and analysis A search will be performed in MEDLINE, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PsychINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled trials (CTs) that investigate the effect of interventions on PAB/SB and longitudinal studies that investigate the associations between modifiable determinants and PAB/SB at multiple time points will be sought. Risk of bias assessments will be performed using adapted versions of Cochrane's RoB V.2.0 and ROBINS-I tools for RCTs and CTs, respectively, and an adapted version of the National Institute of Health's tool for longitudinal studies. Data will be synthesised narratively and, where possible, MAs will be performed using frequentist and Bayesian statistics. Modifiable determinants will be discussed considering the settings in which they were investigated and the PAB/SB measurement methods used. Ethics and dissemination No ethical approval is needed as no primary data will be collected. The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications and academic conferences where possible. The BESt will also be shared with policy makers within the DE-PASS consortium in the first instance. Systematic review registration CRD42021282874

Posturographic characteristics of the standing posture and the effects of the treatment of obesity on obese young women.

To determine the impact of body weight on quiet standing postural sway characteristics in young women, this research compared spontaneous oscillations of the center of foot pressure (COP) between 32 obese (BMI: 36.4 ± 5.2 kg/m2), and 26 normal-weight (BMI: 21.4 ± 1.5 kg/m2) women and assessed the influence of obesity treatment and body weight reduction on postural sway. Trajectories of the COP were assessed while the subjects were standing quietly with eyes open (EO) and closed (EC). Both in the sagittal (AP) and frontal (ML) planes the sway range, average velocity, and maximal velocity of COP were calculated. Moreover, the total average and maximal velocities were computed. In the obese group, the tests were performed twice-before and after the obesity treatment. A greater (18% in EC) AP sway range and a substantial reduction of ML sway (25% in EO, 22% in EC) were observed in the obese women. The total COP velocities (average and maximal) were decreased in obese women (20% and 20% in EO) as well as the velocities in the frontal plane (EO: 33%, 41%; EC: 34%, 40%). Body weight reduction resulted in significant changes in postural sway. The following parameters increased: ML sway range (28% in EO), average (20% in EO, 16% in EC) and maximal ML (20% in EO) velocities. The results indicate that young obese women in the habitual standing position are characterized by the destabilizing influence of mass in the sagittal plane only in the absence of a visual control. This effect is dominated by the stabilizing mass effect in the frontal plane, which affects overall postural stability when standing. The reduction of body mass enables a decrease in ML static stability, likely due to natural changes in the base of support while standing

A prospective longitudinal comparison of the sacral inclination angle in women between their early and advanced pregnancy and 6-month postpartum follow-up

The impact of pregnancy on the anterior-posterior sacral orientation and its relation to lumbopelvic pain and weight gain has not been fully recognized. This longitudinal study aimed to compare the sacral inclination angle in women between their early and advanced pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum. The authors also searched for a correlation between the sacral inclination and lumbopelvic pain, BMI and change in body mass. Methods: Thirteen healthy women participated in the study. Data were collected at 8–16 and 35–38 weeks of gestation, and at 27–31.5 postpartum weeks. At each session, the women’s sacral inclination angles were measured using the Saunders digital inclinometer. Data were also collected on lumbopelvic pain, BMI and body mass gain/loss. Results: There was no effect of the evaluation period on the sacral inclination ( p > 0.05); however, various individual values of the sacral inclination in pregnancy and postpartum were noted. In advanced pregnancy, 61.5% of the women had recurrent pain in the lumbopelvic region. The sacral inclination did not correlate with the lumbopelvic pain, BMI and body mass change ( p > 0.05) in the pregnancy and postpartum periods. Conclusions: Advanced pregnancy did not influence sacral inclination. However, individuals varied in their responses. Therefore, we suggest that an individually-based physical therapy approach concerning proper posture during and after pregnancy should be emphasized. The sacral inclination had no impact on the occurrence of recurrent lumbopelvic pain. BMI and changes in body mass did not influence the sacral inclination in advanced pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum

Static Postural Stability in Women during and after Pregnancy: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

<div><p>This longitudinal study aimed to compare static postural stability in women between early pregnancy, advanced pregnancy, and at 2 and 6 months postpartum. Forty-five pregnant women were enrolled and 31 completed the protocol. Data were collected at 7–16 and 34–39 weeks gestation, and at 6–10 and 26–30 weeks postpartum. For each subject, the center of foot pressure path length and mean velocity (with directional subcomponents) were computed from 30-s long quiet-standing trials on a stationary force plate with eyes open or closed. The body mass, stance width, and sleep duration within 24 h before testing were also recorded. Static postural stability was not different between pregnancy and postpartum, except for the anterior posterior sway tested in the eyes-closed condition, which was significantly increased in late pregnancy compared to that at 2 and 6 months postpartum. Pregnant/postpartum women’s body mass weakly positively correlated with anterior-posterior sway in the eyes-closed condition and their stance width weakly positively correlated with the anterior-posterior sway in the eyes-open condition. No effect of sleep duration on postural sway was found. Our findings indicate that under visual deprivation conditions women in advanced pregnancy may have decreased static stability compared to their non-pregnant state.</p></div

Characteristics of 31 women in early (P1) and advanced (P2) pregnancy and at 2 (P3) and 6 (P4) months postpartum.^*

<p>* Data are shown as means ± SD. BMI–body mass index</p><p>Characteristics of 31 women in early (P1) and advanced (P2) pregnancy and at 2 (P3) and 6 (P4) months postpartum.^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0124207#t001fn001" target="_blank">*</a>}</p

Center of pressure measures reflecting spontaneous body sway during 30 s of quiet standing with the eyes open (EO) or closed (EC) in 31 women in early (P1) and advanced (P2) pregnancy and at 2 (P3) and 6 (P4) months postpartum.^*

<p>AP–anterior-posterior plane, ML–medial-lateral plane.</p><p>* Data are shown as means ± SD.</p><p>** Significantly decreased from P2 to P3 (p = 0.014) and from P2 to P4 (p = 0.017), Fisher’s LSD post-hoc; RM ANOVA: F_{3, 90} = 2.71, p = 0.049.</p><p>Center of pressure measures reflecting spontaneous body sway during 30 s of quiet standing with the eyes open (EO) or closed (EC) in 31 women in early (P1) and advanced (P2) pregnancy and at 2 (P3) and 6 (P4) months postpartum.^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0124207#t002fn002" target="_blank">*</a>}</p