Interdisciplinary Collaboration

Traditionally academic approaches have been divided into disciplines including natural sciences, social sciences, and the humanities. This disciplinary approach has contributed to the development of a substantial depth of knowledge within each particular field of inquiry; however, limited connections have been made between disciplines. Currently, there is a growing recognition that no one discipline has all the answers for many of today's pressing questions particularly those related to the environment, yet little research has been completed on the factors that encourage or constrain interdisciplinary research. This study addresses this research gap by completing qualitative interviews with faculty researchers across several disciplines and departments at The Ohio State University. Most participants indicated that societal problems are complex, non-linear, and dynamic, and require integrated approaches to gain a richer understanding of these problems and inform potential responses. While most participants recognized growing support for interdisciplinary efforts among university and college administration, experiences at the department level vary widely suggesting differences in how particular disciplines value interdisciplinary research as well as institutional support for such approaches within departments. Institutional incentives and constraints at the department-level appear particularly important to the success of interdisciplinary collaborations.No embargoAcademic Major: Environmental Scienc

Numerical relativity reaching into post-Newtonian territory: a compact-object binary simulation spanning 350 gravitational-wave cycles

We present the first numerical-relativity simulation of a compact-object binary whose gravitational waveform is long enough to cover the entire frequency band of advanced gravitational-wave detectors, such as LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA, for mass ratio 7 and total mass as low as $45.5\,M_\odot$. We find that effective-one-body models, either uncalibrated or calibrated against substantially shorter numerical-relativity waveforms at smaller mass ratios, reproduce our new waveform remarkably well, with a negligible loss in detection rate due to modeling error. In contrast, post-Newtonian inspiral waveforms and existing calibrated phenomenological inspiral-merger-ringdown waveforms display greater disagreement with our new simulation. The disagreement varies substantially depending on the specific post-Newtonian approximant used

Prototype effective-one-body model for nonprecessing spinning inspiral-merger-ringdown waveforms

We first use five non-spinning and two mildly spinning (chi_i \simeq -0.44, +0.44) numerical-relativity waveforms of black-hole binaries and calibrate an effective-one-body (EOB) model for non-precessing spinning binaries, notably its dynamics and the dominant (2,2) gravitational-wave mode. Then, we combine the above results with recent outcomes of small-mass-ratio simulations produced by the Teukolsky equation and build a prototype EOB model for detection purposes, which is capable of generating inspiral-merger-ringdown waveforms for non-precessing spinning black-hole binaries with any mass ratio and individual black-hole spins -1 \leq chi_i \lesssim 0.7. We compare the prototype EOB model to two equal-mass highly spinning numerical-relativity waveforms of black holes with spins chi_i = -0.95, +0.97, which were not available at the time the EOB model was calibrated. In the case of Advanced LIGO we find that the mismatch between prototype-EOB and numerical-relativity waveforms is always smaller than 0.003 for total mass 20-200 M_\odot, the mismatch being computed by maximizing only over the initial phase and time. To successfully generate merger waveforms for individual black-hole spins chi_i \gtrsim 0.7, the prototype-EOB model needs to be improved by (i) better modeling the plunge dynamics and (ii) including higher-order PN spin terms in the gravitational-wave modes and radiation-reaction force.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures. Minor changes to match version accepted for publication in PR

Leading Through Learning: Using Evolutionary Learning to Develop, Implement, and Improve Strategic Initiatives

Equitably educating students requires effective differentiation of services based on students’ strengths and needs. Doing so reliably at scale is difficult given the diversity of students and contexts in our public school systems and the diversity of needs created by historical and institutionalized discrimination against people of color, immigrants, and other populations. Still, a number of systems and organizations have succeeded in advancing equity at scale. They have done so by finding new ways to design, lead, and manage their operations and engage internal and external stakeholders – in our language, new ways to govern2 their work. Cutting across these promising governance practices are adult and student learning systems that provide transparency into how school leaders actually lead, teachers actually teach, and students actually learn day to day, school by school, classroom by classroom, and lesson by lesson. This combination of transparency, experimentation, and broad participation and knowledge sharing reveals effective ways to serve individual and groups of students, severing deeply entrenched links between student background, access to opportunity, and learning outcomes

El Capital intelectual en la Universidad Autónoma de Manizales

El capital intelectual es uno de los aspectos que siempre ha estado presente en las organizaciones; sin embargo, sólo hasta hace unos años, se empezó a estudiar el impacto que este genera en las mismas, por lo que se puede tratar como un concepto innovador que cuenta con un amplio campo de investigación, ya que dado su carácter intangible es difícil de medir y porque busca evolucionar el análisis económico de las empresas para que no se limite a los activos tangibles, sino que incluya los de naturaleza intangible, como el conocimiento y experiencia del personal, sus competencias, el servicio al cliente, la calidad, la reputación organizativa y las relaciones empresariales. El presente proceso de investigación, tiene como objetivo formular una propuesta de mejora para la gestión del capital intelectual de la Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, a partir de la identificación y medición de sus activos intangibles, para lo cual se utilizó un instrumento que contiene un conjunto de indicadores, que permiten medir los diferentes componentes del capital intelectual, el cual fue aplicado para los años 2011 y 2012. Con base en el análisis de la información así obtenida, se identificaron fortalezas y debilidades de la institución, a partir de las cuales se construyó una propuesta orientada a mejorar la gestión de dicho capital. Los resultados obtenidos permiten afirmar que la Universidad Autónoma de Manizales es una institución con buen capital humano, estructural y relacional, que cuenta con metodologías innovadoras para gestionar sus activos intangibles y que puede, al incorporar lo sugerido en este estudio, optimizar su gestión y, con ello, mejorar su competitividad y el aporte que realiza al desarrollo regional.Intellectual capital is an aspect that has been present within organizations; however, until few years ago, its impact began to be studied. Therefore it may be treated as an innovative concept with a wide field for research, because as it is intangible, becomes very difficult to be measured. Also, intellectual capital seeks to evolve companies’ economic analysis not only including tangible assets, but also intangible ones such as knowledge and personal experience, competences, customer service, quality, good will and relationships. This investigation aims to formulate an improvement proposal to the Universidad Autónoma de Manizales intellectual capital management, beginning with identification and measurement of its intangible assets. There was used a tool with indicators applied for years 2011 and 2012. Based on the obtained information analysis, there were identified institution strengths and weakness, which were used to establish the proposal. Results confirm that Universidad Autónoma de Manizales is an institution with good human, structural and relational capital, with innovative methodologies to manage its intangible assets and that may, if suggested in this studio is enforced, optimize its management and thereby, be more competitive and improve its contribution to regional development

An electro-hydrodynamics modeling of droplet actuation on solid surface by surfactant-mediated electro-dewetting

We propose an electro-hydrodynamics model to describe the dynamic evolution of a slender drop containing a dilute ionic surfactant on a naturally wettable surface, with a varying external electric field. This unified model reproduces fundamental microfluidic operations controlled by electrical signals, including dewetting, rewetting, and droplet shifting. In this paper, lubrication theory analysis and numerical simulations illustrate how to electrically control the wettability of surface via the charged surfactant. Our numerical results show that electric field promotes dewetting by attracting ionic surfactants onto the transition thin-film region and promotes rewetting by attracting them away from the region.Comment: 16 pages, 13 figure

Perception and awareness of diabetes risk and reported risk-reducing behaviors in adolescents

IMPORTANCE: Lifestyle change is central to diabetes risk reduction in youth with overweight or obesity. Feeling susceptible to a health threat can be motivational in adults. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate associations between diabetes risk perception and/or awareness and health behaviors in youth. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2018. Participants included youths aged 12 to 17 years with body mass index (BMI) in the 85th percentile or higher without known diabetes. Analyses were conducted from February 2022 to February 2023. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Outcomes included physical activity, screen time, and attempted weight loss. Confounders included age, sex, race and ethnicity, and objective diabetes risk (BMI, hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]). EXPOSURES: Independent variables included diabetes risk perception (feeling at risk) and awareness (told by clinician), as well as potential barriers (eg, food insecurity, household size, insurance). RESULTS: The sample included 1341 individuals representing 8 716 794 US youths aged 12 to 17 years with BMI in the 85th percentile or higher for age and sex. The mean age was 15.0 years (95% CI, 14.9-15.2 years) and mean BMI z score was 1.76 (95% CI 1.73-1.79). Elevated HbA1c was present in 8.6% (HbA1c 5.7%-6.4%: 8.3% [95% CI, 6.5%-10.5%]; HbA1c ≥6.5%: 0.3% [95% CI, 0.1%-0.7%]). Nearly one-third of youth with elevated HbA1c reported risk perception (30.1% [95% CI, 23.1%-38.1%), while one-quarter (26.5% [95% CI, 20.0%-34.2%]) had risk awareness. Risk perception was associated with increased TV watching (β = 0.3 hours per day [95% CI, 0.2-0.5 hours per day]) and approximately 1 less day per week with at least 60 minutes of physical activity (β = -1.2 [95% CI, -2.0 to -0.4) but not with nutrition or weight loss attempts. Awareness was not associated with health behaviors. Potential barriers had mixed associations: larger households (≥5 members vs 1-2) reported lower consumption of non-home-prepared meals (OR 0.4 [95% CI, 0.2-0.7]) and lower screen time (β = -1.1 hours per day [95% CI, -2.0 to -0.3 hours per day), while public insurance (vs private) was associated with approximately 20 fewer minutes per day of physical activity (β = -20.7 minutes per day [95% CI, 35.5 to -5.8 minutes per day]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cross-sectional study including a US-representative sample of adolescents with overweight or obesity, diabetes risk perception and awareness were not associated with greater engagement in risk-reducing behaviors in youth. These findings suggest the need to address barriers to engagement in lifestyle change, including economic disadvantage