The Children\u27s Perception of Interparental Conflict and its Relationship to the Psychosocial Adjustment of Elementary and Junior High Students

This study examined the relationship between a child’s perception of interparental conflict and a child’s level of self-esteem and social skills. Furthermore, gender and grade differences were analyzed to determine how they play a role in this relationship between interparental conflict and a child’s level of self-esteem and social skills. Self-report questionnaires were administered to 127 5th grade (elementary school) students and 137 6th grade (junior high school) students. Results indicated that a child’s self-report of interparental conflict was significantly and negatively related to the child’s self-report of self-esteem and social skills, even when controlling for the intercorrelations between self-esteemand social skills. Although grade and gender were not found to mediate the relationship between interparental conflict and childhood adjustment, grade and gender effects were found for social skills usage. Girls reported higher levels of social skills than boys, and 5th grade students reported higher levels of social skills than did 6th grade students. Differences among the three subscales of the CPIC were also noted. Although all three subscales were found to significantly account for self-esteem differences, only reports of self-blame and conflict properties accounted for social skills differences. Implications of the results are discussed

Organizational policies, organizational social support, and work-family conflict: The mediating role of motivation orientation

The current study examines the relationship between organizational support and work-family/family-work conflict. This study hopes to add to the literature by looking at individual differences as a possible mediator in the relationship between various sources of support and conflict between work and family

Enhancing the yield of target tissue and secondary metabolites in Calendula officinalis L., a medicinal plant.

Medicinal crops can be usefully studied in controlled hydroponic systems in which various factors can be manipulated to increase target plant tissue yield and secondary metabolite production. In this project floral tissue and other plant organs of the medicinal plant Calendula officinalis and four important secondary metabolites: quercetin, rutin, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside and isorhamnetin-3-rutinoside were quantified under contrasting conditions in terms of phosphorus concentration, rate of nutrient supply and simulated foliar herbivory in a factorial experimental design. The objectives were to identify conditions that will maximize the yield of target plant tissue, maximize the production of secondary metabolites and minimize the variation in that value. Phosphorus concentration was varied because this nutrient is important for plant growth, particularly during flower production. Nutrient supply rates used in this study sought to minimize nutrient deficiencies and growth fluctuations. Selected plants in the study were also subjected to a clipping treatment, as numerous studies have shown that herbivory can induce increased growth ( overcompensation ) and potentially to stimulate secondary metabolite production. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)Dept. of Biological Sciences. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis2002 .S74. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 42-01, page: 0150. Adviser: Lesley Lovett-Doust. Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2003

The effects of negative childhood experiences on the severity of mental and substance abuse disorders and recidivism

Overcrowded prisons are a growing problem in the United States. Currently, California prisons are over capacity 85%. Substance abuse increases the likelihood of criminality, for half of state prisoners admitted to being under the influence of drugs or alcohol at the time of their offense(s). A large portion of these individuals, once incarcerated, is also diagnosed with a mental illness. By researching dually diagnosed inmates who were participating in a 90-day in-custody treatment program, this study focuses on how negative family and school experiences become major contributors to adult mental and substance abuse disorders and criminality

Addressing Diversity In Medical Laboratory Science Education: Perceptions And Practices

Multicultural Education and Culturally Responsive Teaching methods have been available to assist educators in addressing diversity for a long time. However, the literature fails to address how diversity is being incorporated in laboratory science educational programs. The purpose of this study was to better understand Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) and Medical Laboratory Technician (MLT) educators’ perceptions and practices. To understand what diversity in MLS and MLT education looks like, the following research questions were identified: 1. What are MLS and MLT instructors’ perceived levels of importance for addressing the needs of an increasingly diverse student population? 2. How do MLS and MLT educators develop their understanding of cultural diversity? 3. How do MLS and MLT educators define and/or implement culturally relevant pedagogy? 4. How do MLS and MLT educators prepare their students to communicate with culturally diverse patients and members of the health care team? In response to the research questions, the participants of this study asserted that addressing the needs of all students was important. The participants and related textbooks described many methods for addressing diversity in the classroom. However, most the participants felt that more could be done to prepare MLS and MLT students to work in a diverse workforce and interact with a diverse patient population. Therefore, there is critical need to develop resources that can assist laboratory science educators as they work to improve multicultural competence and effective communication skills in MLS and MLT professionals which will ultimately contribute to a stronger laboratory workforce and the betterment of healthcare

Living with Giants: Human-Elephant Conflict and Poaching in Myanmar

To address both the impacts of poaching on the wildlife and human populations and create effective conservation policy, conservation efforts must engage communities and include their views as stakeholders in the development of the policy. The involvement of local people has been shown to increase the effectiveness and sustainability of conservation efforts. However, to appropriately engage local people, the government and conservationists must understand their experiences with wildlife, and how local communities\u27 experiences with human-wildlife conflict and poaching influence their willingness to support wildlife conservation programs. Using the Asian elephant as an example, we developed what we consider to be a more realistic, theoretical model linking changes to elephant populations with conservation interventions and human welfare that includes negative feedback loops. We then designed a series of studies to illustrate and test some of these links at several field sites across Myanmar. This dissertation outlines the discovery of the extent and nature of elephant poaching in Myanmar, and presents results from interviews with people in rural and urban communities to assess their attitudes towards human-elephant conflict (HEC) and elephant conservation, their perceptions of poaching in Myanmar, and the direct impacts and indirect impacts of HEC that they experience. This theoretical model can be used to guide government and research organizations in the field of wildlife conservation and help to develop more effective and sustainable conservation programs

The Fe3+/2+ redox couple in liquid and solid solvents

The Fe³⁺/²⁺ redox couple, in the form of Fe (II) and Fe (III) trifluoromethane sulphonate, has been investigated in several non-aqueous solvents; propylene carbonate (PC), acetonitrile (ACN), tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and dimethyl formamide (DMF), as well as in tetraethyleneglycol dimethylether, a low molecular weight liquid polyether, and poly(ethylene oxide), a high molecular weight solid polyether. It has been shown that the Fe³⁺/²⁺ couple exhibits a simple one electron transfer reaction in all cases. The influence of the solvent on the electrode kinetics of the Fe³⁺/²⁺ redox couple has been investigated with a view to identifying the factors controlling the rate of the simple electron transfer process for this redox couple. The standard apparent rate constant (ksh) in each system was determined via ac impedance spectroscopy. For studies in the solid polyether solvent a new technique has been developed involving ac impedance spectroscopy at an ultramicroelectrode. This new technique proved to be a very powerful tool in the identification of interfacial processes occurring in highly resistive media. Using the Marcus and the Levich, Dogonadze & Kuznetsov theories for activation of electron transfer, kinetic data were interpreted in terms of inner and outer sphere contributions from the solvent. For the liquid solvents a correlation between ksh and the donor number of the solvent was found, indicating inner sphere activation of electron transfer via vibration of the coordinate bond. However, for the solid solvent activation of electron transfer was found to be influenced by outer sphere solvent dynamics as solvent reorganisation in the polymer is slower than in the liquid solvents

Syk and Zap-70 function redundantly to promote angioblast migration

AbstractSpleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) plays critical roles in B-cell and T-cell development, the maintenance of vascular integrity, and proper partitioning of the blood vascular and lymphatic vascular system. Here, we utilize the zebrafish as an in vivo system to demonstrate novel roles for Syk and the related kinase Zeta associated protein (Zap-70) in promoting angioblast migration. Partial knockdown of either gene results in early angiogenic delay of the intersegmental vessels, dorsal intersegmental vessel patterning defects, and partial loss of the thoracic duct. Higher dose knockdown of both genes results in little to no angiogenic sprouting of the intersegmental vessels, a phenotype which resembles knockdown of vegfa. Di-phosphorylated ERK, an effector of the vegfa pathway, is also downregulated in the aorta of syk:zap double morphants. Over-expression of syk under the control of a blood-specific or vascular-specific promoter rescues sprouting defects after loss of vegfa. Together these results suggest that syk and zap-70 function redundantly in an early progenitor to promote the migration of intersegmental vessel angioblasts and lymphangioblasts that contribute to the thoracic duct, either downstream of, or in parallel to vegfa

Consumer Racial Discrimination in Tipping: A Replication and Extension

This study examines the effects of server race, customer race and their interaction on restaurant tips while statistically controlling for the customers’ perceptions of service quality and other variables. The findings indicate that consumers of both races discriminate against black service providers by tipping them less than white service providers. Furthermore, this server race effect on tipping is moderated by perceived service quality and dining party size. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. Particularly noteworthy is the possibility that the server race effect on tipping represents an adverse impact against black servers that makes the use of tipping to compensate employees a violation of employment discrimination law in the United States

Golgi self-correction generates bioequivalent glycans to preserve cellular homeostasis

Essential biological systems employ self-correcting mechanisms to maintain cellular homeostasis. Mammalian cell function is dynamically regulated by the interaction of cell surface galectins with branched N-glycans. Here we report that N-glycan branching deficiency triggers the Golgi to generate bioequivalent N-glycans that preserve galectin-glycoprotein interactions and cellular homeostasis. Galectins bind N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) units within N-glycans initiated from UDP-GlcNAc by the medial-Golgi branching enzymes as well as the trans-Golgi poly-LacNAc extension enzyme β1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (B3GNT). Marginally reducing LacNAc content by limiting N-glycans to three branches results in T-cell hyperactivity and autoimmunity; yet further restricting branching does not produce a more hyperactive state. Rather, new poly-LacNAc extension by B3GNT maintains galectin binding and immune homeostasis. Poly-LacNAc extension is triggered by redistribution of unused UDP-GlcNAc from the medial to trans-Golgi via inter-cisternal tubules. These data demonstrate the functional equivalency of structurally dissimilar N-glycans and suggest a self-correcting feature of the Golgi that sustains cellular homeostasis