Regional undo/redo techniques for large interactive surfaces

When multiple users are simultaneously sharing a work-space, it is not always clear what should happen when a user invokes an undo action. In this paper we explore dif-ferent user interfaces for undo/redo for co-located collabo-rative workspaces, such as large interactive whiteboards. A preliminary study revealed that users expect neither a global nor personal undo, but rather a regional undo. We propose and evaluate three automatic regional undo/redo techniques (clustering, workspace, field of view) designed for a large interactive whiteboard. The results of the evaluation showed that an undo technique based on users ’ field of view was most preferred, while the content-based clustering technique produced most errors. We conclude with poten-tial improvements to the developed techniques, and propose a set of design recommendations for implementing regional undo/redo on large interactive surfaces. Author Keywords Undo; co-located collaboration; interactive surfaces; inter

A mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1/2 (mTORC1)/V-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT1)/cathepsin H axis controls filaggrin expression and processing in skin, a novel mechanism for skin barrier disruption in patients with atopic dermatitis

Background Filaggrin, which is encoded by the filaggrin gene (FLG), is an important component of the skin's barrier to the external environment, and genetic defects in FLG strongly associate with atopic dermatitis (AD). However, not all patients with AD have FLG mutations. Objective We hypothesized that these patients might possess other defects in filaggrin expression and processing contributing to barrier disruption and AD, and therefore we present novel therapeutic targets for this disease. Results We describe the relationship between the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1/2 protein subunit regulatory associated protein of the MTOR complex 1 (RAPTOR), the serine/threonine kinase V-Akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT1), and the protease cathepsin H (CTSH), for which we establish a role in filaggrin expression and processing. Increased RAPTOR levels correlated with decreased filaggrin expression in patients with AD. In keratinocyte cell cultures RAPTOR upregulation or AKT1 short hairpin RNA knockdown reduced expression of the protease CTSH. Skin of CTSH-deficient mice and CTSH short hairpin RNA knockdown keratinocytes showed reduced filaggrin processing, and the mouse had both impaired skin barrier function and a mild proinflammatory phenotype. Conclusion Our findings highlight a novel and potentially treatable signaling axis controlling filaggrin expression and processing that is defective in patients with AD

Lower bounds for the bandwidth problem

The Bandwidth Problem seeks for a simultaneous permutation of the rows and columns of the adjacency matrix of a graph such that all nonzero entries are as close as possible to the main diagonal. This work focuses on investigating novel approaches to obtain lower bounds for the bandwidth problem. In particular, we use vertex partitions to bound the bandwidth of a graph. Our approach contains prior approaches for bounding the bandwidth as special cases. By varying sizes of partitions, we achieve a trade-off between quality of bounds and efficiency of computing them. To compute lower bounds, we derive a Semidefinite Programming relaxation. We evaluate the performance of our approach on several data sets, including real-world instances.Comment: 4 figure

System Modeling and Optimization: 26th IFIP TC 7 Conference, CSMO 2013, Klagenfurt, Austria, September 9-13, 2013, Revised Selected Papers

International audienceBook Front Matter of AICT 44

Expression of Tenascin C, EGFR, E-Cadherin, and TTF-1 in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and the Correlation with RET Mutation Status

Tenascin C expression correlates with tumor grade and indicates worse prognosis in several tumors. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an important role in driving proliferation in many tumors. Loss of E-cadherin function is associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is involved in rearranged during transfection (RET) transcription in Hirschsprung’s disease. Tenascin C, EGFR, E-cadherin, TTF-1-expression, and their correlations with RET mutation status were investigated in 30 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) (n = 26) or C-cell hyperplasia (n = 4). Tenascin C was found in all, EGFR in 4/26, E-cadherin in 23/26, and TTF-1 in 25/26 MTC. Tenascin C correlated significantly with tumor proliferation (overall, r = 0.61, p < 0.005; RET-mutated, r = 0.81, p < 0.01). E-cadherin showed weak correlation, whereas EGFR and TTF-1 showed no significant correlation with tumor proliferation. EGFR, E-cadherin, and TTF-1 showed weak correlation with proliferation of RET-mutated tumors. Correlation between TTF-1 and tenascin C, E-cadherin, and EGFR was r = −0.10, 0.37, and 0.21, respectively. In conclusion, MTC express tenascin C, E-cadherin, and TTF-1. Tenascin C correlates significantly with tumor proliferation, especially in RET-mutated tumors. EGFR is low, and tumors expressing EGFR do not exhibit higher proliferation. TTF-1 does not correlate with RET mutation status and has a weak correlation with tenascin C, E-cadherin, and EGFR expression

Histomorphometric analysis of the palatal soft tissue as donor region for retrieval of connective tissue grafts

Objectives The soft tissue of the palate is the most frequently used donor side for connective tissue grafts. Various techniques have been described to harvest the connective tissue in anterior and posterior regions of the palate (Hürzeler 1999, Jung 2008, Zucchelli 2010). The present study assessed the histological composition of the soft tissue of the palate in the premolar and tuberosity region and compared the histological composition of connective tissue grafts harvested by two different techniques. Methods Tissue samples of the palatal soft tissue of 10 fresh human dentate cadaver heads were harvested in the premolar and tuberosity region. After histological processing, a histomorphometric analysis on the ratio between epithelium, connective tissue, fatty/glandular tissue, and vascular tissue was performed. Height and composition of the total palatal tissue and of digitally marked grafts (two different harvesting techniques: split-flap- and de-epithelialization-technique) were assessed in both regions (premolar and tuberosity) in an area close and more distant from the teeth (Figure 1). Results The height measurements of the palatal soft tissue ranged from 2.4 to 6.9mm. The main parameters (ratio of connective tissue and fatty/glandular tissue) presented no significant difference between the various regions (close and distant areas in the premolar and tuberosity region; p>0.145; Table 1). But significant differences were detected for the histological compositions of the connective tissue grafts (Table 2); the tissue gained by de-epithelialization in the tuberosity region contained a significantly higher amount of connective tissue, than the tissue gained by split-flap-technique in the premolar region (73.3 vs. 56.5%; p=0.041; Figure 2). Altogether, both, height measurements and composition of the palatal tissue, presented a high inter-individual variability (e.g., percentage of fatty/glandular tissue ranged from 0.04 to 73.8%; Figure 3). Comparison between genders revealed significantly higher values of connective tissue in the premolar region of males (p=0.045); all other parameters presented no relevant gender differences (p>0.077). Conclusions Thus far, the connective tissue harvested in the tuberosity region, which is most often done by de-epithelialization to prevent injury to the greater palatine artery (Figure 1), was clinically described to be denser and more firm compared to the tissue gained in the premolar region (most often by split-flap-technique) (Zuhr 2014). The present study is, to the best of our knowledge, the first to prove this clinical assumption with a histomorphometric analysis. Topic of future clinical trials will be to assess, whether the outcome of root coverage procedures is influenced by the histological composition of the graft (more or less fatty)