Hydrodynamics of an oscillating articulated eel-like structure

This study examines the hydrodynamic performance of a highly simplified eel-like structure consisting of three articulated segments with the two aft segments oscillating. A physical model was built and tested to determine the forces developed with the model stationary, to find the self-propulsion speed, and to explore the effect on hydrodynamic performance of different swimming patterns. It was found that hydrodynamic performance increases with increasing oscillation frequency; the highest forces when stationary, and the highest self-propulsion speeds were produced by swimming patterns in which the amplitude in the aft segment is larger than that in the forward segment, and in which the motion of the aft segment lags the forward segment. A simple semi-empirical model based on Morison’s equation was implemented to predict the hydrodynamic forces. This was shown to predict mean thrust well in cases in which the aft segment oscillates in phase with the forward segment, but less reliably when the phase difference between the segments increases. Force time histories are generally not well-predicted using this approach. Nonetheless, self-propulsion speeds are predicted within 30% in all cases examined

Risky Business: Popular Images and Reality of Capital Markets Handling Risk-From the Tulip Craze to the Decade of Greed

Speculators are often portrayed in popular culture as predatory businesspeople. Sometimes they are seen as fools. But, the portraits are often ill-informed. This article studies speculation found in Tulip Mania and the South Sea Bubble. The article then focuses on speculation in debt from the American Revolution. The Gilded Age and railroad building are surveyed. The article concludes with the Decade of Greed, the 1980s, as envisioned in film. While popular portraits are entertaining, the historic and economic reality is much different. Speculators play an important role providing capital and liquidity, risk taking, and rationing of resources critical for market economies

ESSAY: Law Schools Can Solve the Bar Pass Problem -- Do the Work!

Law schools have a moral and professional obligation, not only to graduate their increasingly heterogeneous student body, but also to enable graduates to practice by preparing them to pass the bar. This essay explains why strategies to improve the bar pass rate by increasing selectivity, either through admissions or attrition, may not succeed. It argues that law schools must work with the students they admit. The essay concludes by offering a number of common sense tactics and strategies to raise exam pass rates without turning law schools into \u27bar schools\u27 (p. 322)

The Recovery of Hong Kong By the People\u27s Republic of China--A Fifty Year Experiment in Capitalism and Freedom

This article analyzes the 1984 UK-PRC agreement which returned Hong Kong to China, and argues that this unique experiment, involving fundamentally dissimilar societies, will permit Hong Kong to flourish and that the PRC must respect the terms of the agreement for sound economic, political, and diplomatic reasons

Parents understanding of vitamin D requirements, and the use of fortified foods

One in four toddlers are not achieving the recommended vitamin D intake crucial for their healthy development(1, 2). This study explored parents’ acceptability of factors affecting purchasing of foods and drinks fortified with Vitamin D in children aged 0-2 years old. A total of 194 parents completed an online parent questionnaire. Focus groups and interviews were used to explore in depth perceptions of vitamin D fortification. Thirteen participants participated in the 5 focus groups, 5 completed interviews. The majority of participants were female (mothers) and of White-British ethnic background, aged between 25-40 years, with 89% of the sample with a level 3 qualification (e.g. 2 or more A levels, NVQ level 3). Basic descriptive statistics were calculated from the questionnaire data and a thematic analysis methodology was applied to the qualitative data. The findings indicated low purchasing of vitamin D fortified foods/drinks by parents (21% of the sample). The foods/drinks most purchased were cereal, yogurts and alternative milks. Willingness to purchase certain products fortified with vitamin D to increase their child’s vitamin D was however high. After excluding formula milk, parents would be willing to buy yogurt, yogurt drinks, cereals, milk-based drinks, fruit juice and margarine. The table outlines parents’ views on the facilitators and barriers to purchasing vitamin D fortified foods and drinks. There is a potential for fortified foods to play a role in increasing the intake of vitamin D intake. Parents need quality education explaining the need to prevent vitamin D deficiency, though fortified products. Products also need to be suitable for babies and toddlers; better labelled, lower cost; with healthy options available with lower sugar and salt content, tasty, longer shelf life and better availability in local shops and supermarkets. Future research should determine if consumption of fortified foods/drinks alone rather than supplementation is sufficient to meet children’s daily intake of vitamin D(3)

The Condominium Crisis: A Problem Unresolved

Many factors have contributed to the movement toward condominium conversion

The Condominium Crisis: A Problem Unresolved

Many factors have contributed to the movement toward condominium conversion