Applying the technology acceptance model to evaluation of recommender systems

In general, the study of recommender systems emphasizes the efficiency of techniques to provide accurate recommendations rather than factors influencing users' acceptance of the system; however, accuracy alone cannot account for users' satisfying experience. Bearing in mind this gap in the research, we apply the technology acceptance model (TAM) to evaluate user acceptance of a recommender system in the movies domain. Within the basic TAM model, we incorporate a new latent variable representing self-assessed user skills to use a recommender system. The experiment included 116 users who answered a satisfaction survey after using a movie recommender system. The results evince that perceived usefulness of the system has more impact than perceived ease of use to motivate acceptance of recommendations. Additionally, users' previous skills strongly influence perceived ease of use, which directly impacts on perceived usefulness of the system. These findings can assist developers of recommender systems in their attempt to maximize users' experience.Fil: Armentano, Marcelo Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Instituto Superior de Ingenieria del Software; ArgentinaFil: Christensen, Ingrid Alina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Instituto Superior de Ingenieria del Software; ArgentinaFil: Schiaffino, Silvia Noemi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Instituto Superior de Ingenieria del Software; Argentin

An Analysis of the Impact of Estimating Ratings on Group Recommender Systems

Nowadays, there is a wide range of domains in which there is a need to generate recommendations to groups of users instead of individuals. Several techniques for aggregating individual models or ratings have been developed; a disadvantage of these techniques is that they require a large amount of computations to estimate unknown ratings. In this article, we present an analysis of the impact of estimating ratings when an aggregation technique is used. For that purpose, we describe a hybrid approach to generate group recommendations based on group modeling. We also present the results obtained when evaluating the approach and two well-known aggregation techniques in the movie domain, and the variations of those results when the estimation process is not included.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Co-translational protein targeting facilitates centrosomal recruitment of PCNT during centrosome maturation in vertebrates.

As microtubule-organizing centers of animal cells, centrosomes guide the formation of the bipolar spindle that segregates chromosomes during mitosis. At mitosis onset, centrosomes maximize microtubule-organizing activity by rapidly expanding the pericentriolar material (PCM). This process is in part driven by the large PCM protein pericentrin (PCNT), as its level increases at the PCM and helps recruit additional PCM components. However, the mechanism underlying the timely centrosomal enrichment of PCNT remains unclear. Here, we show that PCNT is delivered co-translationally to centrosomes during early mitosis by cytoplasmic dynein, as evidenced by centrosomal enrichment of PCNT mRNA, its translation near centrosomes, and requirement of intact polysomes for PCNT mRNA localization. Additionally, the microtubule minus-end regulator, ASPM, is also targeted co-translationally to mitotic spindle poles. Together, these findings suggest that co-translational targeting of cytoplasmic proteins to specific subcellular destinations may be a generalized protein targeting mechanism

Towards solidarity: working relations in personal assistance

This article explores personal assistance from the assistants' perspectives. Many assistants are satisfied with their work and the possibility to combine the work with other activities on a flexible basis. However, the structural framework of the personal assistance scheme creates risks for the workers who carry out the assistance. These risks are related to strong user control, intimate and personalized relations, part-time work, weakly formalized working conditions and few chances to gain qualifications for future employment opportunities. The gendered labour market is also a structural condition of the scheme. The article focuses on three theoretical working life discussions: flexibility, professionalization and co-determination (between service user and assistant). The article reveals the specific and inverted form these processes are transformed into by the personal assistance scheme and suggests that they create barriers for sustainable working conditions for the assistants as well as options for developing solidarity between service users and assistants

Hospital physicians' experiences with procalcitonin - implications for antimicrobial stewardship; a qualitative study.

Background. Procalcitonin is an inflammatory biomarker that is sensitive for bacterial infections and a promising clinical decision aid in antimicrobial stewardship programs. However, there are few studies of physicians’ experiences concerning the use of PCT. The objective of this study was to investigate whether hospital physicians’ experience with procalcitonin after 18 months of use can inform the PCT implementation in antimicrobial stewardship programs. Materials/methods. We deployed a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with 14 hospital physicians who had experience with procalcitonin in clinical practice. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Results. Physicians reported a knowledge gap, which made them uncertain about the appropriate procalcitonin use, interpretation, and trustworthiness. Simultaneously, the physicians experienced procalcitonin as a useful clinical decision aid but emphasised that their clinical evaluation of the patient was the most important factor when deciding on antibiotic treatment. Conclusions. Procalcitonin was regarded a helpful clinical tool, but the physicians called for more knowledge about its appropriate uses. Active implementation of unambiguous procalcitonin algorithms and physician education may enhance the utility of the test as an antimicrobial stewardship adjunct.publishedVersio

Student Teachers Promoting Democratic Engagement Using Social Media in Teaching

In this study, we address how student teachers can facilitate democratic engagement in school. The demo-cratic engagement is seen through the lenses of an increasingly digital world through which both teachers and children live in. 42 third-year student teachers systematically prepared to use social media as an illus-trative pedagogical tool in their practice placement period. By using the notions of “thin” and “thick” de-mocracy, we are analyzing student teachers’ understanding of democracy and democratic engagement. Our findings suggest that the students view democracy in a thin way, and this lack of democratic competence may influence their classroom practices as future teachers. The Council of Europe’s Reference Framework of Competences for Democratic Culture was used to analyse the student teachers’ competence to connect the use of social media as a digital and pedagogical tool in promoting democratic engagement. The findings disclose that students vary in their capacity to make use of social media when promoting democratic en-gagement. In our closing discussion, we argue that these results, primarily, pose serious challenges for teacher education

The Role of Procalcitonin as an Antimicrobial Stewardship Tool in Patients Hospitalized with Seasonal Influenza

Background: Up to 60% of the antibiotics prescribed to patients hospitalized with seasonal influenza are unnecessary. Procalcitonin (PCT) has the potential as an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) tool because it can differentiate between viral and bacterial etiology. We aimed to explore the role of PCT as an ASP tool in hospitalized seasonal influenza patients. Methods: We prospectively included 116 adults with seasonal influenza from two influenza seasons, 2018–2020. All data was obtained from a single clinical setting and analyzed by descriptive statistics and regression models. Results: In regression analyses, we found a positive association of PCT with 30 days mortality and the amount of antibiotics used. Influenza diagnosis was associated with less antibiotic use if the PCT value was low. Patients with a low initial PCT (<0.25 µg/L) had fewer hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) days and fewer positive chest X-rays. PCT had a negative predictive value of 94% for ICU care stay, 98% for 30 days mortality, and 88% for bacterial coinfection. Conclusion: PCT can be a safe rule-out test for bacterial coinfection. Routine PCT use in seasonal influenza patients with an uncertain clinical picture, and rapid influenza PCR testing, may be efficient as ASP tools.publishedVersio