Demonstration of decomposition and optimization in the design of experimental space systems

Effective design strategies for a class of systems which may be termed Experimental Space Systems (ESS) are needed. These systems, which include large space antenna and observatories, space platforms, earth satellites and deep space explorers, have special characteristics which make them particularly difficult to design. It is argued here that these same characteristics encourage the use of advanced computer-aided optimization and planning techniques. The broad goal of this research is to develop optimization strategies for the design of ESS. These strategics would account for the possibly conflicting requirements of mission life, safety, scientific payoffs, initial system cost, launch limitations and maintenance costs. The strategies must also preserve the coupling between disciplines or between subsystems. Here, the specific purpose is to describe a computer-aided planning and scheduling technique. This technique provides the designer with a way to map the flow of data between multidisciplinary analyses. The technique is important because it enables the designer to decompose the system design problem into a number of smaller subproblems. The planning and scheduling technique is demonstrated by its application to a specific preliminary design problem

The Stealth Biplane: a Proposal in Response to a Low Reynolds Number Station Keeping Mission

The Stealth Biplane is conceived and constructed to serve as a remotely piloted vehicle designed to navigate a low-level figure-eight course at a target Reynolds number of 100,000. This flight vehicle will combine the latest in lightweight radio controlled hardware in conjunction with current low Reynolds number aerodynamic research to demonstrate feasible operation in a variety of applications. These potential low Reynolds number applications include high altitude atmospheric sampling, search and rescue, and even law enforcement. Design specs and fabrication technique are discussed

Prospectus, September 24, 1980

RODNEY DANGERFIELD GETS SOME RESPECT FROM PC; PCF group greets newcomers; Parkland offers COSMOS telecourse; Clerks to be on campus to register voters; Women\u27s Program discusses importance of adequate diet; Breakdown of budget: Where does all your money go?; Women\u27s Program presents last of self-care series; Parkland College Board of Trustees meets; Members needed; A friend is someone who...; Family Life Program offers Living in Step ; Chimera Inc. offers workshop; PACT presents seminar for expectant parents; Steve Goodman: A talented performer; The Ducks have a good time; Rodney Dangerfield: I don\u27t get no respect; He will always get respect in Champaign-Urbana ; Francis named Outstanding Young Men of America ; Eisner to hold celebration; Classifieds; Showcase and workshop Oct. 8; PACT presents program: Early childhood; Volleyballers win two; Upsets spoil Fast Freddy; All you lost freshman-- pay attention to this story; Fast Freddy Contesthttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1980/1020/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, December 10, 1980

HAPPY HOLIDAYS FROM PARKLAND COLLEGE; Pres. Staerkel sends greetings; Letters to the editor: Copy-editor raises questions, Volleyball coach resigns; Author of \u27Paper Lion,\u27 Plimpton lives nightmare; Construction of art gallery, remodeling planned at Parkland during new year; Star Wars, Digital Derby reflect technology in toys; Cobra men and women busy during holidays; Classifieds; Special Ed courses at Parkland next semester; Merry Christmas from the Prospectus; Sanders beats wife with poker, but life--and the soaps--go on; U of I holiday T.V., radio special to be on WCIA, WICD, and Cable; Concert Choir presents Gloria; Stroke Club to celebrate Dec. 13; Feature editor ready to \u27blow this thing\u27: Finals, deadlines just don\u27t mix with holiday cheer; Doomsday Schedule Fall, 1980; 50¢ charge for check cashing; REO\u27s \u27Hi Infidelity\u27 keeps pushin\u27 on; PC Community Band to give second concert; Three new courses offered in Spring \u2781; Christmas time...It makes you feel like a kid again: Merry Christmas!; Memories of 1980 fall semester; Prospectus Christmas Hide-A-Word; Christmas Personals; PC holiday certificate- perfect for anyone; Christmas magic seems special to parents of young children; PSI club to raffle radio; PC to offer Year-End Tax Planning Workshop; Science You Can See: The Christmas Star: A misinterpretation?; Looks, intelligence, money matter most (?); Get in the Holiday Spirit with mouth-watering aromas; Cobras beat Belleville; PC men whip John Logan: Offense comes alive; Patience pays off as Cobras beat Richland; Women\u27s Basketball 1980-81; Men\u27s Basketball 1980-81; National champ remains undecided; Balanced scoring paces Cobras; Defense, Defense, Defense....; Ingrum scores 31 to pace the Cobras: Cobras end Vols win streak at 20 games; Tom Smith is this week\u27s winner: After good start, Freddy hits major slump; Fast Freddy Contest; Bench Warmer: Cobra women even better than last yearhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1980/1010/thumbnail.jp

Aerial Deployment and Inflation System for Mars Helium Balloons

A method is examined for safely deploying and inflating helium balloons for missions at Mars. The key for making it possible to deploy balloons that are light enough to be buoyant in the thin, Martian atmosphere is to mitigate the transient forces on the balloon that might tear it. A fully inflated Mars balloon has a diameter of 10 m, so it must be folded up for the trip to Mars, unfolded upon arrival, and then inflated with helium gas in the atmosphere. Safe entry into the Martian atmosphere requires the use of an aeroshell vehicle, which protects against severe heating and pressure loads associated with the hypersonic entry flight. Drag decelerates the aeroshell to supersonic speeds, then two parachutes deploy to slow the vehicle down to the needed safe speed of 25 to 35 m/s for balloon deployment. The parachute system descent dynamic pressure must be approximately 5 Pa or lower at an altitude of 4 km or more above the surface

Egalitarianism in surgical training: let equity prevail

This study aimed to quantify core surgical trainee (CST) differential attainment (DA) related to three cohorts; white UK graduate (White UKG) versus black and minority ethnic UKG (BME UKG) versus international medical graduates (IMGs). The primary outcome measures were annual review of competence progression (ARCP) outcome, intercollegiate Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons (iMRCS) examination pass and national training number (NTN) selection. Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme (ISCP) portfolios of 264 consecutive CSTs (2010–2017, 168 white UKG, 66 BME UKG, 30 IMG) from a single UK regional post graduate medical region (Wales) were examined. Data collected prospectively over an 8-year time period was analysed retrospectively. ARCP outcomes were similar irrespective of ethnicity or nationality (ARCP outcome 1, white UKG 60.7% vs BME UKG 62.1% vs IMG 53.3%, p=0.395). iMRCS pass rates for white UKG vs BME UKG vs IMG were 71.4% vs 71.2% vs 50.0% (p=0.042), respectively. NTN success rates for white UKG vs BME UKG vs IMG were 36.9% vs 36.4% vs 6.7% (p=0.023), respectively. On multivariable analysis, operative experience (OR 1.002, 95% CI 1.001 to 1.004, p=0.004), bootcamp attendance (OR 2.615, 95% CI 1.403 to 4.871, p=0.002), and UKG (OR 7.081, 95% CI 1.556 to 32.230, p=0.011), were associated with NTN appointment. Although outcomes related to BME DA were equitable, important DA variation was apparent among IMGs, with iMRCS pass 21.4% lower and NTN success sixfold less likely than UKG. Targeted counter measures are required to let equity prevail in UK CST programmes

Multifunctional supramolecular polymer networks as next-generation consolidants for archaeological wood conservation.

The preservation of our cultural heritage is of great importance to future generations. Despite this, significant problems have arisen with the conservation of waterlogged wooden artifacts. Three major issues facing conservators are structural instability on drying, biological degradation, and chemical degradation on account of Fe(3+)-catalyzed production of sulfuric and oxalic acid in the waterlogged timbers. Currently, no conservation treatment exists that effectively addresses all three issues simultaneously. A new conservation treatment is reported here based on a supramolecular polymer network constructed from natural polymers with dynamic cross-linking formed by a combination of both host-guest complexation and a strong siderophore pendant from a polymer backbone. Consequently, the proposed consolidant has the ability to chelate and trap iron while enhancing structural stability. The incorporation of antibacterial moieties through a dynamic covalent linkage into the network provides the material with improved biological resistance. Exploiting an environmentally compatible natural material with completely reversible chemistries is a safer, greener alternative to current strategies and may extend the lifetime of many culturally relevant waterlogged artifacts around the world.This is the author's accepted manuscript. The final version is available from PNAS at http://www.pnas.org/content/111/50/17743.long

Prospectus, September 10, 1980

ARE YOU A \u27REAL STUDENT\u27?; Parkland People; Gamut challenges you; Emergency course offered; Oops!; Stugo hopefuls list qualifications; Kinks wow U of I fans; Coates announces student audtions; Country music is moving up; Women\u27s Program offers self-series; Classifieds; Students are....well, just students; Student disappointed; Correction; Science You Can See: Ask not what Cable T.V. can do for you, ask what you can do for Cable T.V.; B-ball deadline is Sept. 22; Football and tennis are IM openers; PC Datebook; Golfers begin season with win over Danville; After some surprises last week, Fast Freddy is ready; LaBadie confident of his runners; Fast Freddy Contest; Bench Warmer: Cobras show talenthttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1980/1022/thumbnail.jp