Design and Performance of the CMS Pixel Detector Readout Chip

The readout chip for the CMS pixel detector has to deal with an enormous data rate. On-chip zero suppression is inevitable and hit data must be buffered locally during the latency of the first level trigger. Dead-time must be kept at a minimum. It is dominated by contributions coming from the readout. To keep it low an analog readout scheme has been adopted where pixel addresses are analog coded. We present the architecture of the final CMS pixel detector readout chip with special emphasis on the analog readout chain. Measurements of its performance are discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 11 figures. Contribution to the Proceedings of the Pixel2005 Workshop, Bonn, German

A relaxationless demonstration of the Quantum Zeno Paradox on an individual atom

The driven evolution of the spin of an individual atomic ion on the ground-state hyperfine resonance is impeded by the observation of the ion in one of the pertaining eigenstates. Detection of resonantly scattered light identifies the ion in its upper ``bright'' state. The lower ``dark'' ion state is free of relaxation and correlated with the detector by a null signal. Null events represent the straightforward demonstration of the quantum Zeno paradox. Also, high probability of survival was demonstrated when the ion, driven by a fractionated $\pi$ pulse, was probed {\em and monitored} during the intermissions of the drive, such that the ion's evolution is completely documented.Comment: 7 page

Elastic properties of grafted microtubules

We use single-particle tracking to study the elastic properties of single microtubules grafted to a substrate. Thermal fluctuations of the free microtubule's end are recorded, in order to measure position distribution functions from which we calculate the persistence length of microtubules with contour lengths between 2.6 and 48 micrometers. We find the persistence length to vary by more than a factor of 20 over the total range of contour lengths. Our results support the hypothesis that shearing between protofilaments contributes significantly to the mechanics of microtubules.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

Qualification Procedures of the CMS Pixel Barrel Modules

The CMS pixel barrel system will consist of three layers built of about 800 modules. One module contains 66560 readout channels and the full pixel barrel system about 48 million channels. It is mandatory to test each channel for functionality, noise level, trimming mechanism, and bump bonding quality. Different methods to determine the bump bonding yield with electrical measurements have been developed. Measurements of several operational parameters are also included in the qualification procedure. Among them are pixel noise, gains and pedestals. Test and qualification procedures of the pixel barrel modules are described and some results are presented.Comment: 7 Pages, 7 Figures. Contribution to Pixel 2005, September 5-8, 2005, Bonn, Germna

Ethologic and Economic Examination of Aviary Housing for Commercial Laying Flocks

The authors report that the results of their research indicate that appropriate housing is necessary for intensively kept hens and that the housing has to correspond to the vital needs and natures of the animals

CLINICAL APPLICATION OF THE HAEMOPERFUSION DEVICES BULSORB 160 COMBINED WITH HAEMODIALYSIS

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Studi Penelusuran Terhadap Alumni Jurusan Ppb Fip IKIP PGRI Semarang (Dalam Rangka Pengembangan Kurikulum)

Studi penulusuran adalah suatu deskriptif yang dilakukan secara berkesinambungan terhadap lulusan perguruan tinggi, mengenai berbagai data yang menyangkut diri lulusan, seperti Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif (IPK), lama waktu studi, jenis pekerjaan, lama waktu mendapatkan pekerjaan dan gaji awal.?é?á Studi penulusuran digunakan?é?á sebagai sumber data yang berguna bagi pengembangan dan evaluasi kurikulum serta mengembangkan visi dan misi perguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini melibatkan 60 alumni kelas regular Jurusan Psikologi Pendidikan dan Bimbingan (PPB) FIP IKIP PGRI Semarang selama periode 2006 ?óÔé¼ÔÇ£ 2009, yang berdomisili di Jawa Tengah. Analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan multiple regression dan secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi antara jenis pekerjaan, lama waktu mendapatkan pekerjaan dan gaji awal dengan Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif (r=0,492; p<0,01) dan terdapat korelasi antara jenis pekerjaan, lama waktu mendapatkan pekerjaan dan gaji awal dengan lama waktu studi (r=0.521; p<0.01). ?é?

Ethologic and Economic Examination of Aviary Housing for Commercial Laying Flocks

The result of our work shows that appropriate housing is necessary for intensively kept hens and that the housing has to correspond to the vital needs and the nature of the animals. This is important for two reasons: a) the innate needs of the birds must be satisfied; b) for the proper development of the animal and successful egg production. The housing facilities should allow the following functional cycles without restrictions: Social organization: the structuring of a group or unit of animals. Locomotion: walking, running, fluttering, flying. Feeding behavior: search for food and water, food and water pecking, ground scratching, scraping. Comfort behavior: plumage care, stretching, dust bathing. Resting behavior: standing, sleeping. Sexual behavior: egg laying, nest building behavior. Each one of these functional cycles requires its own area in the hen house. The hen house has to be arranged in order to accommodate the needs of the animals