Mother’s dietary diversity and association with stunting among children <2 years old in a low socio‐economic environment: A case–control study in an urban care setting in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mothers are often responsible for preparing nutritious foods in their households. However, the quality of mother’s diets is often neglected, which may affect both mother’s and child’s nutrition. Because no single food contains all necessary nutrients, diversity in dietary sources is needed to ensure a quality diet. We aimed to study the association between mother’s dietary diversity and stunting in children <2 years attending Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b, a diarrhoeal disease hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A case–control study (n = 296) was conducted from November 2016 to February 2017. Data were collected from mothers of stunted children <2 years (length‐for‐age z score [LAZ] < −2) as “cases” and nonstunted (LAZ ≥ −1) children <2 years as “controls.” Mothers were asked to recall consumption of 10 defined food groups 24 hr prior to the interview as per Guidelines for Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women. Among the mothers of cases, 58% consumed <5 food groups during the last 24 hr, compared with 45% in control mothers (P = 0.03). Children whose mothers consumed <5 food groups were 1.7 times more likely to be stunted than children whose mothers consumed ≥5 food groups (P = 0.04). Intake of food groups such as pulses, dairy, eggs, and vitamin A rich fruit was higher in control mothers. Proportion of mother’s illiteracy, short stature, monthly family income <BDT 11,480, absence of bank account, and poor sanitation was also found to be higher in stunted group. Further study particularly intervention or longitudinal study to see the causality of mother’s dietary diversity with child stunting is recommended.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148421/1/mcn12665.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148421/2/mcn12665_am.pd

Retinopathy of prematurity and its association with neonatal factors

Retinopathy of prematurity is considered as an important cause of blindness. This prospective study was undertaken to document the frequency and the associated factors of retinopathy of prematurity among 97 preterm newborn weighing &lt;2000 g and/or with a gestation of &lt;35 weeks. The first eye examination was performed by an ophthalmologist at 4 weeks of postnatal age for the infants born at ?30 weeks of gestation or birth weight ?1200 g and at 3 weeks of postnatal age for the infants &lt;30 weeks of gestation or birth weight &lt;1200 g. The overall incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was 23.7%. Premature newborn with retinopathy was having significant low mean birth weight (p=0.001) and the mean gestational age (p=&lt;0.001) when compared with newborns without retinopathy of prematurity. Newborns with retinopathy of prematurity were requiring a longer duration of oxygen (p=0.005) than that of non-retinopathy of prematurity newborns. Logistic regression shows the duration of oxygen in the hospital and lower gestational age were independent risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity. Prematurity and longer duration of oxygen administration were the risk factors for the development of retinopathy of prematurity

Retinopathy of prematurity and its association with neonatal factors

Retinopathy of prematurity is considered as an important cause of blindness. This prospective study was undertaken to document the frequency and the associated factors of retinopathy of prematurity among 97 preterm newborn weighing &lt;2000 g and/or with a gestation of &lt;35 weeks. The first eye examination was performed by an ophthalmologist at 4 weeks of postnatal age for the infants born at ?30 weeks of gestation or birth weight ?1200 g and at 3 weeks of postnatal age for the infants &lt;30 weeks of gestation or birth weight &lt;1200 g. The overall incidence of retinopathy of prematurity was 23.7%. Premature newborn with retinopathy was having significant low mean birth weight (p=0.001) and the mean gestational age (p=&lt;0.001) when compared with newborns without retinopathy of prematurity. Newborns with retinopathy of prematurity were requiring a longer duration of oxygen (p=0.005) than that of non-retinopathy of prematurity newborns. Logistic regression shows the duration of oxygen in the hospital and lower gestational age were independent risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity. Prematurity and longer duration of oxygen administration were the risk factors for the development of retinopathy of prematurity

Efficacy of expressed breast milk alone or in combination with paracetamol in reducing pain during retinopathy of prematurity screening: A randomized controlled trial

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of expressed breast milk (EBM) alone or in combination with oral paracetamol for pain reduction during retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening.  Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted in two departments of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. A total of 60 preterm neonates who underwent ROP screening were randomized into three equal groups. Group A got nesting and swaddling as per institutional protocol (control). Group B received 2 ml EBM two minutes prior to the ROP screening and Group C received 15 mg/kg syrup paracetamol 30 minutes prior to the ROP screening and EBM like Group B. Premature infant pain profile (PIPP) scores was used prior, during and 2 minutes after ROP screening procedure. Results: The three groups were similar in terms of baseline characteristics. The mean (standard deviation) PIPP scores during the procedure were 16.4 (1.1), 15.0 (1.8) and 13.4 (1.8) in control, EBM, and EBM with paracetamol groups respectively. The PIPP scores were significantly lower in the EBM and EBM with paracetamol groups during the procedure compared to control group. In the EBM and EBM with paracetamol groups, the mean difference in PIPP scores (between before and during the procedure) was also substantially lower. Conclusion: Breast milk alone or in combination with paracetamol can reduce significant pain during ROP screening than control group. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(2): 106-11

Legal, Accounting and Tax Aspects of the Selected Non-profit Organisation

Import 04/11/2015Práce je zaměřena na občanská sdružení a jejich transformaci na spolek, popsání účetnictví v neziskové organizaci a také na jeho zdaňování. Pomocí analýzy právních předpisů, je popsán postup při transformaci občanského sdružení na spolek a také jsou zde uvedeny dokumenty, které jsou pro transformaci potřeba, dále znázorňuje účetnictví a zdanění ve vybrané neziskové organizaci. Práce je řešena v souvislosti s novou právní úpravou občanského zákoníku a jiných předpisů.The work is focused on civil associations and their transformation to the association, describe the accounting in non-profit organisation and also to its taxation. Through the analysis of legislation, a process is described for the transformation of the civic association in the association and documents, which are for the transformation of the need for, further illustrates the accounting and taxation in the selected non-profit organization. The work is addressed in the context of the new legislation of the civil code and other regulations.117 - Katedra účetnictvívelmi dobř

A community-based cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of different bundles of nutrition-specific interventions in improving mean length-for-age z score among children at 24 months of age in rural Bangladesh: study protocol

PRIFPRI3; CRP4; ISIPHND; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH