163 research outputs found
Parametric dependence of irregular conformal block
Irregular conformal block is an important tool to study a new type of
conformal theories, which can be constructed as the colliding limit of the
regular conformal block. The irregular conformal block is realized as the
-deformed Penner matrix model whose partition function is regarded as
the inner product of the irregular modules. The parameter dependence of the
inner product is obtained explicitly using the loop equation with close
attention to singularities in the parameter space. It is noted that the exact
singular structure of the parameter space in general can be found using a very
simple and powerful method which uses the flow equations of the partition
function together with the hierarchical structure of the singularity. This
method gives the exact expression to all orders of large expansion without
using the explicit contour integral of the filling fraction.Comment: 34pages, 8figure
Irregular conformal block, spectral curve and flow equations
Irregular conformal block is motivated by the Argyres-Douglas type of N=2
super conformal gauge theory. We investigate the classical/NS limit of the
irregular conformal block using spectral curve on a Riemann surface with
irregular punctures, which is equivalent to the loop equation of irregular
matrix model. The spectral curve is reduced to the second order (Virasoro
symmetry, for the gauge theory) and third order ( symmetry,
) differential equations of a polynomial with finite degree. The
Virasoro and W symmetry generate flow equations in the spectral curve and
determine the irregular conformal block, hence the partition function of the
Argyres-Douglas theory ala AGT conjecture.Comment: 35 pages; v2: 38 pages, section 4 and references added, minor change
Virasoro irregular conformal block and beta deformed random matrix model
Virasoro irregular conformal block is presented as the expectation value of
Jack-polynomials of the beta-deformed Penner-type matrix model and is compared
with the inner product of Gaiotto states with arbitrary rank. It is confirmed
that there are non-trivial modifications of the Gaiotto states due to the
normalization of the states. The relation between the two is explicitly checked
for rank 2 irregular conformal block.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figur
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Serum Interleukin-6, Hemodynamic Stability, and Postoperative Pain Relief in Elderly Patients under Spinal Anesthesia
The beneficial effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) have not been extensively investigated in elderly patients receiving spinal anesthesia. This study evaluated the effects of intravenous DEX infusion on stress and hemodynamic response, as well as on postoperative analgesia in elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We randomly allocated 45 adult patients to 3 patient groups (n=15 each): uni-saline group patients underwent unilateral TKA with saline administration, uni-DEX group patients underwent unilateral TKA with DEX administration, and bilateral-DEX group patients underwent bilateral TKA with DEX administration. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly lower in the bilateral-DEX group than in the uni-saline group 6 and 24h postoperatively, and were negatively correlated with total DEX dosage 24h postoperatively. Bradycardia occurred more frequently in the uni-DEX and bilateral-DEX groups than in the uni-saline group. The total dose of required supplementary analgesics was significantly higher in the uni-saline group than in the uni-DEX and bilateral-DEX groups 6h postoperatively. The results indicate that perioperative intravenous DEX administration decreases postoperative serum IL-6 levels in patients undergoing bilateral TKA, and has a postoperative analgesic effect in patients undergoing unilateral or bilateral TKA
Boundary integral equation method for resonances in gradient index cavities designed by conformal transformation optics
In the case of two-dimensional gradient index cavities designed by the
conformal transformation optics, we propose a boundary integral equation method
for the calculation of resonant mode functions by employing a fictitious space
which is reciprocally equivalent to the physical space. Using the Green's
function of the interior region of the uniform index cavity in the fictitious
space, resonant mode functions and their far-field distributions in the
physical space can be obtained. As a verification, resonant modes in
lima\c{c}on-shaped transformation cavities were calculated and mode patterns
and far-field intensity distributions were compared with those of the same
modes obtained from the finite element method.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure
In vitro and in vivo assessments of an optimal polyblend composition of polycaprolactone/gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds for Achilles tendon tissue engineering
In this study, we manufactured various ratios of polycaprolactone (PCL)/gelatin (GE) highly aligned electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds (ENs) to investigate the effects of polymer ratio on tenogenic differentiation activity. For biological assessments, the cell proliferation rate was optimal in the PCL/GE (9:1) group. Interestingly, however, the tenogenic differentiation rate was best for the PCL/GE (7:3) group. From our outcomes, we established that a poly-blending mix of PCL/GE (7:3) is a promising ratio for tenogenic differentiation. Thus, our findings may provide for an effective mesh to promote tenogenic differentiation of ENs in future tendon tissue engineering applications.This work was supported by the Bio & Medical Technology
Development Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF)
& funded by the Korean government (MSIP&MOHW) (No.
2017M3A9E4048170)
A Case of Pulmonary Paragonimiasis with Involvement of the Abdominal Muscle in a 9-Year-Old Girl
In Korea, many people enjoy eating raw or underkooked freshwater crayfish and crabs which unfortunately may cause paragonimiasis. Here, we describe a case of pulmonary and abdominal paragonimiasis in a 9-year-old girl, who presented with a 1-month history of abdominal pain, especially in the right flank and the right inguinal area, with anorexia. A chest radiograph revealed pleural effusion in both lungs, and her abdominal sonography indicated an inflammatory lesion in the right psoas muscle. Peripheral blood analysis of the patient showed hypereosinophilia (66.0%) and an elevated total serum IgE level (>2,500 IU/ml). The pleural effusion tested by ELISA were also positive for antibodies against paragonimiasis. Her dietary history stated that she had ingested raw freshwater crab, 4 months previously. The diagnosis was pulmonary paragonimiasis accompanied by abdominal muscle involvement. She was improved after 5 cycles of praziquantel treatment and 2 times of pleural effusion drainage. In conclusion, herein, we report a case of pulmonary and abdominal paragonimiasis in a girl who presented with abdominal pain and tenderness in the inguinal area
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