Compliance with pharmacological treatment in outpatients from a Brazilian cardiology referral center

To evaluate the degree of compliance with pharmacological therapy, and to identify predictors of non-compliance in outpatients from a cardiology referral center in São Paulo, Brazil, we studied 485 outpatients, 230 (47.4 percent) males and 255 (52.6 percent) females, through an interview guided by a questionnaire during medical consultation. The ages ranged between 17 and 86 (mean 54, standard deviation 15) years. Heart disease and socioeconomic factors (residence, means of transport, educational level and professional status) were studied. In addition, we examined the drugs prescribed including: difficulties in taking them; the source of supply; and the patient's knowledge of the drugs. Assessment of compliance was based on the patients' response. The patients' answers were compared with the prescription and progress notes. Errors were recorded if the patient reported using one or more nonprescribed medicines. Compliance with therapy was recorded if the patient said the prescription was taken correctly without interruption and without error. The variables with significant differences in univariate analysis were further analyzed by multivariate log-linear regression analysis. Noncompliance occurred in 286 (59 percent) of the patients, and was predicted by the reported difficulty in taking medication (P<0.001), and by the lack of knowledge of medication names (P<0.001).Thus, noncompliance with medical therapy was common. The main predictors of non-compliance were the reported difficulty in taking medication and inability to identify medicines' names

Transplante cardíaco em portadora de endomiocardiofibrose Heart transplantation in a patient with endomyocardial fibrosis

A endomiocardiofibrose é uma doença comum em países tropicais, particularmente Uganda e Nigéria, e pode acometer tanto o ventrículo esquerdo como direito, gerando uma insuficiência cardíaca restritiva que, além dos sintomas clássicos, manifesta-se por ascite desproporcional ao edema periférico. Apresentamos o caso de uma portadora de endomiocardiofibrose refratária ao tratamento clínico, submetida ao tratamento cirúrgico com melhora clínica por curto período, voltando a apresentar sintomas incapacitantes três meses após a cirurgia de ressecção de fibrose endomiocárdica e plastia tricúspide. A paciente foi então submetida a transplante cardíaco ortotópico bicaval, com boa evolução clínica. É o primeiro caso de transplante cardíaco nesta doença, mostrando-se uma alternativa de tratamento promissora.<br>Endomyocardial fibrosis is a common disease in tropical countries, particularly Uganda and Nigeria. It may affect the right and left ventricles, creating restrictive heart failure, which, in addition to the classical symptoms, manifests as ascites disproportional to peripheral edema. We report the case of a female patient with endomyocardial fibrosis refractory to clinical treatment, who underwent surgical treatment with clinical improvement for a short period. Three months after the surgery for resection of the endomyocardial fibrosis and tricuspid valvuloplasty, the disabling symptoms reappeared. Then the patient underwent bicaval orthotopic heart transplantation, which had a good clinical outcome. This was the first case of heart transplantation for the treatment of endomyocardial fibrosis, which proved to be a promising alternative

Compliance with pharmacological treatment in outpatients from a Brazilian cardiology referral center

To evaluate the degree of compliance with pharmacological therapy, and to identify predictors of non-compliance in outpatients from a cardiology referral center in São Paulo, Brazil, we studied 485 outpatients, 230 (47.4 percent) males and 255 (52.6 percent) females, through an interview guided by a questionnaire during medical consultation. The ages ranged between 17 and 86 (mean 54, standard deviation 15) years. Heart disease and socioeconomic factors (residence, means of transport, educational level and professional status) were studied. In addition, we examined the drugs prescribed including: difficulties in taking them; the source of supply; and the patient's knowledge of the drugs. Assessment of compliance was based on the patients' response. The patients' answers were compared with the prescription and progress notes. Errors were recorded if the patient reported using one or more nonprescribed medicines. Compliance with therapy was recorded if the patient said the prescription was taken correctly without interruption and without error. The variables with significant differences in univariate analysis were further analyzed by multivariate log-linear regression analysis. Noncompliance occurred in 286 (59 percent) of the patients, and was predicted by the reported difficulty in taking medication (P<0.001), and by the lack of knowledge of medication names (P<0.001).Thus, noncompliance with medical therapy was common. The main predictors of non-compliance were the reported difficulty in taking medication and inability to identify medicines' names

Solução salina hipertônica para prevenção de insuficiência renal em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca descompensada e hiponatremia

FUNDAMENTO: Hiponatremia e fenômenos congestivos indicam mau prognóstico na insuficiência cardíaca descompensada. A ocorrência de insuficiência renal está associada a aumento do risco de morte. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a segurança e a eficácia da solução hipertônica em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca descompensada para prevenção de insuficiência renal. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca descompensada, congestão e hiponatremia. Além do tratamento padrão, os pacientes receberam solução salina hipertônica, e foram submetidos a avaliação tanto clínica como laboratorial. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 9 pacientes. A média das idades dos pacientes foi de 55 + 14,2 anos, sendo 5 (55,5%) do sexo masculino e 4 (44,5%), do feminino. Todos apresentavam classe funcional III-IV da New York Heart Association (NYHA), e 5 (55,5%) recebiam dobutamina. Todos apresentaram creatinina inicial acima de 1,4 mg/dl. A tonicidade média da solução foi de 4,39% + 0,018% (2,5% a 7,5%) e a duração do tratamento foi de 4,9 dias + 4,1 dias (1 dia a 15 dias). Não houve efeitos adversos graves; em nenhum caso houve piora clínica ou distúrbios neurológicos; hipocalemia ocorreu em 4 (44,5%) casos. A comparação das variáveis pré- e pós-tratamento demonstrou queda da uréia (105 mg/dl + 74,8 mg/dl vs. 88 mg/dl + 79,4 mg/dl; p = 0,03) e aumento do volume urinário (1.183 ml/dia vs. 1.778 ml/dia; p = 0,03); houve tendência a redução da creatinina (2,0 mg/dl + 0,8 mg/dl vs. 1,7 mg/dl + 1,0 mg/dl; p = 0,08). Apesar da elevação do valor do sódio (131 mEq/l + 2,8 mEq/l vs. 134 mEq/l + 4,9 mEq/l) e da redução do peso (69,5 kg + 18,6 kg vs. 68,2 kg + 17,1 kg), não houve diferença estatisticamente significante. CONCLUSÃO: O uso de solução salina hipertônica em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca descompensada pode ser método terapêutico seguro e potencialmente relacionado a melhora clínica e de prevenção da insuficiência renal