Prospects for Monetary Cooperation in East Asia

The purpose of this paper is to reexamine the exchange rate policy of the Republic of Korea, and its role in promoting financial and monetary cooperation in East Asia in the wake of the 2008 global financial crisis. The Republic of Korea would not actively participate in any discussion of establishing a regional monetary and exchange rate arrangement as it is expected to maintain a weakly managed floating regime. The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has been fostering the yuan as an international currency, which will lay the groundwork for forming a yuan area among the PRC; the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN); Hong Kong, the PRC; and Taipei,China. Japan has shown less interest in assuming a greater role in East Asia’s economic integration due to deflation, a strong yen, slow growth, and political instability. Japan would not eschew free floating. These recent developments demand a new modality of monetary cooperation among the Republic of Korea, Japan, and the PRC. Otherwise, ASEAN+3 will lose its rationale for steering regional economic integration in East Asia.exchange rate policy; republic of korea; financial monetary cooperation; east asia; global financial crisis; regional economic integration

Financial contagion in the East Asian crisis

노트 : Book Title: International Financial ContagionBook Chapter: Financial contagion in the East Asian crisi

REGNET: Mining context-specific human transcription networks using composite genomic information

Background: Genome-wide expression profiles reflect the transcriptional networks specific to the given cell context. However, most statistical models try to estimate the average connectivity of the networks from a collection of gene expression data, and are unable to characterize the context-specific transcriptional regulations. We propose an approach for mining context-specific transcription networks from a large collection of gene expression fold-change profiles and composite gene-set information.Results: Using a composite gene-set analysis method, we combine the information of transcription factor binding sites, Gene Ontology or pathway gene sets and gene expression fold-change profiles for a variety of cell conditions. We then collected all the significant patterns and constructed a database of context-specific transcription networks for human (REGNET). As a result, context-specific roles of transcription factors as well as their functional targets are readily explored. To validate the approach, nine predicted targets of E2F1 in HeLa cells were tested using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Among them, five (Gadd45b, Dusp6, Mll5, Bmp2 and E2f3) were successfully bound by E2F1. c-JUN and the EMT transcription networks were also validated from literature.Conclusions: REGNET is a useful tool for exploring the ternary relationships among the transcription factors, their functional targets and the corresponding cell conditions. It is able to provide useful clues for novel cell-specific transcriptional regulations. The REGNET database is available at http://mgrc.kribb.re.kr/regnet.open0

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies of the ice-binding protein from the Antarctic yeast Leucosporidium sp. AY30. Corrigendum

A correction to the article by Park et al. [(2011). Acta Cryst. F67, 800–802]

Low-temperature conductance oscillations in junctionless nanowire transistors

Junctionless nanowire transistors show more marked oscillations conductance oscillations than inversion-mode devices. These oscillations can be observed at higher temperature, drain voltage, and gate voltage than in surface-channel, inversion-mode multigate metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect devices. Clear oscillations are observed at 77 K at a drain voltage of 100 mV in devices with a 10 x 10 nm(2) cross section. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. (doi:10.1063/1.3506899

A study of the causal relationship between IT governance inhibitors and its success in Korea enterprises

노트 : Proceedings of the 41st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences - 2008 행사명 : 41st Hawaii International Conference on System Sc

A Patient with Mixed Type Evans Syndrome: Efficacy of Rituximab Treatment

Mixed type Evans syndrome is a very rare hematologic disease. Although mixed type Evans syndrome may initially respond well to steroids, this disease usually runs a chronic course with intermittent exacerbations. We describe here a 46-yr-old female with the steroid-refractory, mixed type Evans syndrome, and she had a prompt response to rituximab. She was diagnosed as having the mixed type Evans syndrome with the clinical features of symptomatic anemia, jaundice and thrombocytopenia. Prednisone therapy was commenced and her hemoglobin and platelet level returned to the normal. However, after 15 weeks, she relapsed with hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. We started rituximab at the dose of 375 mg/m2 once weekly for a total of 4 doses, which was well-tolerated and this induced the normalization of hemoglobin, bilirubin and lactic dehydrogenase, and there was also a significant increase of the platelet count

Clinical Significance of p16 Protein Expression Loss and Aberrant p53 Protein Expression in Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic cancer is a disease with poor prognosis mainly due to low resection rates and late diagnosis. To increase resectability and improve survival rates, a better understanding of pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and more effective screening techniques are required. New methods, such as genetic and molecular alterations, may suggest novel approaches for pancreatic cancer diagnosis and treatment. We immunohistochemically investigated 44 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma using monoclonal anti-p16 antibodies and monoclonal anti-p53 antibodies. The expressions of p16 and p53 proteins were compared using the Chi-square test with SPSS. Disease-free survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, verified by the Log-Rank test. Loss of p16 expression was noted in 20 (45.5%) cases and aberrant p53 protein expression was detected in 14 (31.8%) cases. Loss of p16 expression was associated with a higher incidence of lymph node metastasis (p=0.040) and a more advanced stage (p=0.015), although there was no significant correlation between p16 expression and survival. Aberrant p53 protein expression correlated with histologic grade (p=0.038). Disease-free survival rate was significantly lower in the aberrant p53 protein positive group compared to the negative group (p=0.029). From our results, we suggest that p53 is not a prognostic factor; however, p16 and p53 genes do play important roles in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Managing Foreign Capital Flows: The Experience of Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia

Between 1990 and 1994 developing countries in Asia posted $261 billion in net capital inflows, an amount equivalent to about half the total inflows to all developing countries. Although foreign direct investment accounts for the largest portion of net inflows to Asia, the share of portfolio investment has been steadily rising, from an average of 8 percent of net inflows between 1983 and 1989 to 24 percent between 1990 and 1994. Suggested reasons for the increase in portfolio investment have been a high demand for capital coupled with favorable growth prospects, deregulation and liberalization of capital accounts, domestic financial reform (which has facilitated foreign investment in domestic securities), lower interest rates, and international portfolio diversification. Capital inflows have been important in supporting high rates of investment, particularly in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, but short-term capital inflows also have threatened macroeconomic instability by inducing volatility of key financial variables such as the exchange rate. Threats to stability have, in turn, led countries to install direct control measures to dampen large swings in short-term capital inflows. In this working paper, Yung Chul Park, of Korea University and the Korea Institute of Finance, and Chi-Young Song, of the Korea Institute of Finance, analyze the experiences of Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia in managing these capital inflows. Park and Song found that for each of the four countries, following the surge in capital inflows, inflation rates rose (although they note that there is not necessarily a causal relationship between the two events) and real effective exchange rates declined (the result of a gradually rising share of investment to GDP and fiscal discipline). Moreover, there appeared to be no long-term rise in financial market volatility as compared to the period preceding the rise in capital inflows. The authors attribute this to policies of exchange rate sterilization, monetary stabilization, and fiscal restraint. In particular, exchange rates likely remained stable because each country adopted a similar interventionist policy to prevent rapid appreciation of the nominal rate.