306 research outputs found
E2 strengths and transition radii difference of one-phonon 2+ states of 92Zr from electron scattering at low momentum transfer
Background: Mixed-symmetry 2+ states in vibrational nuclei are characterized
by a sign change between dominant proton and neutron valence-shell components
with respect to the fully symmetric 2+ state. The sign can be measured by a
decomposition of proton and neutron transition radii with a combination of
inelastic electron and hadron scattering [C. Walz et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106,
062501 (2011)]. For the case of 92Zr, a difference could be experimentally
established for the neutron components, while about equal proton transition
radii were indicated by the data. Method: Differential cross sections for the
excitation of one-phonon 2+ and 3- states in 92Zr have been measured with the
(e,e') reaction at the S-DALINAC in a momentum transfer range q = 0.3-0.6
fm^(-1). Results: Transition strengths B(E2;2+_1 -> 0+_1) = 6.18(23), B(E2;
2+_2 -> 0+_1) = 3.31(10) and B(E3; 3-_1 -> 0+_1) = 18.4(11) Weisskopf units are
determined from a comparison of the experimental cross sections to
quasiparticle-phonon model (QPM) calculations. It is shown that a
model-independent plane wave Born approximation (PWBA) analysis can fix the
ratio of B(E2) transition strengths to the 2+_(1,2) states with a precision of
about 1%. The method furthermore allows to extract their proton transition
radii difference. With the present data -0.12(51) fm is obtained. Conclusions:
Electron scattering at low momentum transfers can provide information on
transition radii differences of one-phonon 2+ states even in heavy nuclei.
Proton transition radii for the 2+_(1,2) states in 92Zr are found to be
identical within uncertainties. The g.s. transition probability for the
mixed-symmetry state can be determined with high precision limited only by the
available experimental information on the B(E2; 2+_1 -> 0+_1) value.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C, revised manuscrip
Influence of saprophages (Isopoda, Diplopoda) on leaf litter decomposition under different levels of humidification and chemical loading
The paper presents a study about the influence of two saprophage groups (Isopoda, Diplopoda) on leaf litter decomposition under different levels of humidification and chemical stress. Because of their worldwide distribution, we focused on the common pillbug Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille, 1804) (Isopoda, Armadillidiidae), and the common millipede species Rossiulus kessleri (Lohmander, 1927) (Julida, Julidae). The function of environment creation by the given saprophages, as destructors of dead plant matter, supporting such ecosystem services as soil fertility improvement and nutrientsβ turnover, is highlighted. To conduct the experiment, the animals were collected manually and using pitfall trapping. In order to bring the experimental conditions closer to the natural, the individuals were not sexed. The maximum consumption of leaf litter by woodlice was recorded in the conditions with adequate moisture (0.5 mL of distilled water per box) and amounted to 2.52 mg/10 individuals per day, which exceeds its consumption with low and increased moisture, respectively, by 1.82 and 1.24 times. As for the effect of interaction, the consumption of maple litter with optimal moisture (4.77 mg/10 individuals per day) was the greatest. The largest absolute difference between broad-leaved tree species in the average weight of leaf litter consumed by woodlice was between maple leaf litter and oak leaf litter, the minimum β between robinia leaf litter and oak leaf litter. According to the results of the obtained data (Diplopoda), it can be stated that there is a statistically significant effect of chemical stress and discrepancy of the average zinc content in the object of study (in Diplopoda and their faecal pellets). We found that the diet provided did not affect the distribution of zinc in Diplopoda under conditions of chemical stress. According to the results of pairwise comparisons, we determined that the zinc content in the Diplopoda clearly differs for control and almost every concentration of zinc sulfate solution β 0.03 and 0.15 g/L, the samples of which do not form a homogeneous group. The species composition, abundance and distribution in space of soil invertebrates are informative indicators which reflect the ecological state of soils, intensity in development of soil horizons as well as intensity of processes occurring in them
A clinical case of linear stromal (interstitial) keratitis
Background. Keratitis, characterized by superficial inflammation, cellular infiltration and vascularization of the stroma with minimal involvement of the corneal epithelium and endothelium, is an extremely rare specific condition, that has been isolated, as a separate nosology β linear interstitial keratitis.The aim. Clinical case demonstration of linear stromal keratitis, using modern methods of corneal examination and world literature analysis, devoted to this problem, from the point of view of determining disease etiology.Materials and methods. Case demonstration of linear keratitis in a young patient with a recurrent course of the disease is presented.Results. Π resented clinical case confirms course features and lesion morphology of linear interstitial keratitis.Conclusion. Linear interstitial keratitis is a rare clinical phenomenon, and its etiology remains uncertain. Confocal microscopy is a promising method of studying linear interstitial keratitis in view of best resolution. Coherent tomography of anterior segment of the eye, is uninformative and does not reflect true depth of the pathological process. Mirror microscopy of endothelial cells confirms confocal microscopy data of panstromic process. Herpes simplex virus and pale treponema roles in the development of linear interstitial keratitis has not been confirmed by existing standard laboratory methods
Assessment of Therapeutic Efficacy of 5% Sodium Hydrocarbonate Solution in Case of Nodular Dermatitis of Cattle
This article provides information on studies and evaluations of therapeutic efficacy of 5 % sodium bicarbonate solution in case of nodular dermatitis of cattle. Due to the market expansion of veterinary drugs, the periodization of unusual and new medicines as well as control methods of pathogens of farm livestock, having therapeutic and prophylactic effect, is under permanent control of specialists in the field of veterinary medicine. Recently the importance of finding modern means and methods of dealing with animal diseases aimed at the restoration of the body homeostasis has increased significantly in order to ensure the physiologically normal functioning of many enzymes, hormones and the whole body. There is a need for their rational use based on the study of changes in clinical and biochemical parameters occurring in the body under their influence and other factors contributing to the development of normal physiological status of the body (homeostasis). Based on the above, the present studies were based not only on etiological and pathogenetic, but also sanogenetic ideas about diseases with the aim of choosing the means that form the bodyβs normal physiological status (body homeostasis restoration), taking into account physiological characteristics of animals, and thereby providing the best medical and prophylactic efficacy [4]. Periodization of new drugs and methods to combat animal diseases that contribute to the restoration of body homeostasis is very important. This importantance has become even more significant since the increased sanitary and hygienic requirements for the use of veterinary drugs in animal husbandry, primarily for the treatment of dairy animals, which will serve as a guarantee for obtaining livestock products safe from the point of view of veterinary and sanitary norms and excellent sanitary quality
Measurement of the vector and tensor analyzing powers for Dp-elastic scattering at the energy of 800 MeV
The vector Ay and tensor analyzing powers Ayy and Axx for dp-elastic scattering were measured at the energy of 800 MeV and at the angular range from 60Β° to 135Β° in the center-of-mass system at the JINR Nuclotron. The experimental data are compared with the calculations obtained within framework of relativistic multiple scattering approac
ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠ² Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ 1H-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π· ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΌ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΉ. ΠΠ½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ
Domino-type Knoevenagel-Michael-hetero-Thorpe-Ziegler and Knoevenagel-hetero-Diels-Alder interactions using 1-ethyl-1H-2,1-benzothiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide and aliphatic aldehydes as initial compounds have been studied. These reactions have led to 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-pyran and 2H-3,4-dihydropyran derivatives, respectively. It has been shown that the three-component one-pot interaction of 1-ethyl-1H-2,1-benzothiazin-4(3H)one 2,2-dioxide with saturated aliphatic aldehydes and malononitrile proceeds under rather mild conditions and results in formation of 2-amino-6-ethyl-4-alkyl-4,6-dihydropyrano[3,2-c][2,1]benzothiazin-3-carbonitrile 5,5-dioxides with moderate and high yields. At the same time, the yields of target products decrease with the increase of the length of the aliphatic aldehyde carbon chain. In this regard, the use of citronellal allowed us to obtain the product of the three-component interaction with a low yield. To date, there is no information in the literature about the possible application of aliphatic dialdehydes in such three-component interactions. It has been found that the use of glutaric aldehyde results in the synthesis of a new class of bis-derivatives of 2-amino-4H-pyran, in which two fragments are linked by the polymethylene bridge. The use of Ξ±,Ξ²-unsaturated aldehydes in the three-component interaction with 1-ethyl-1H-2,1-benzothiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide and malononitrile was accompanied by decrease in the process efficiency compared to saturated aliphatic aldehydes. The target fused 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-pyran was obtained only when Ξ±-methylcinnamic aldehyde was used in the reaction. A two-component interaction of 1-ethyl-1H-2,1-benzothiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide with citronellal has been also studied. It has been shown that this reaction is stereospecific. It proceeds through domino Knoevenagel-heteroDiels-Alder sequence resulting in a new heterocyclic system β 2,2a,3,4,5,6,6a,8-octahydroisochromeno[4,3-c] [2,1]benzothiazine 7,7-dioxide. The study of the antimicrobial activity of the compounds synthesized has allowed finding compounds with a moderate activity against P. aeruginosa Ρ C. albicans.ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΠ½Π΅Π²Π΅Π½Π°Π³Π΅Π»Ρ-ΠΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΠ»Ρ-Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ-Π’ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°-Π¦ΠΈΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΠ½Π΅Π²Π΅Π½Π°Π³Π΅Π»Ρ-Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ-ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ°-ΠΠ»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ 1-ΡΡΠΈΠ»-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4(3Π)-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
2-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-3-ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΈ 2Π-3,4-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π°. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ 1-ΡΡΠΈΠ»-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4(3Π)-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ 2-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-6-ΡΡΠΈΠ»-4-Π°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ»-4,6-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ[3,2-c][2,1]Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ» 5,5-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈ Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π°Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Ρ Π½Π΅Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
; ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΈΡ-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
2-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π°, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ξ±,Ξ²-Π½Π΅Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ 1-ΡΡΠΈΠ»-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4(3Π)-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π¦Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ 2-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-3-ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ξ±-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄Π°. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ 1-ΡΡΠΈΠ»-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4(3Π)-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π°Π»Π΅ΠΌ; ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ½Π΅Π²Π΅Π½Π°Π³Π΅Π»Ρ-Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ-ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ°-ΠΠ»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ β 2,2a,3,4,5,6,6a,8-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎ[4,3-c][2,1]Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½ 7,7-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² P. aeruginosa ΠΈ C. albicansΠΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π°Π³Π΅Π»Ρ-ΠΡΡ
Π°Π΅Π»Ρ-Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ-Π’ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°-Π¦ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ° ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π°Π³Π΅Π»Ρ-Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ-ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°-ΠΠ»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ° Π·Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ 1-Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»-1Π-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4(3Π)-ΠΎΠ½Ρ 2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ° Π°Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠ², ΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
2-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-3-ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ° 2Π-3,4-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΄ΡΠΉΠ½Π° Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ 1-Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»-1Π-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4(3Π)-ΠΎΠ½Ρ 2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π· Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ³Π°Ρ Ρ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌβΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ 2-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-6-Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»-4-Π°Π»ΠΊΡΠ»-4,6-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ[3,2 c][2,1]Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ» 5,5-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² Π· Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π£ ΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°Ρ Π·Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π°Π½ΡΡΠ³Π° Π°Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊ, ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π»Π°Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π²Π΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π· Π½Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π²ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ Π΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ Ρ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡ
; ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Π³Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°Ρ Π±ΡΡ-ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
2-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ, Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π·βΡΠ΄Π½Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Ξ±,Ξ²-Π½Π΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π· 1-Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»-1Π-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4(3Π)-ΠΎΠ½Ρ 2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½Π½Ρ Π· Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π¦ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ 2-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-3-ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ-4Π-ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ Π±ΡΠ² ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°Π΄ΠΊΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Ξ±-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΆ 1-Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»-1Π-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4(3Π)-ΠΎΠ½Ρ 2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π»Π°Π»Π΅ΠΌ; ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ³Π°Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΊ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π°Π³Π΅Π»Ρ-Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ-ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°-ΠΠ»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ β 2,2a,3,4,5,6,6a,8-ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠ·ΠΎΡ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎ[4,3-c][2,1]Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½ 7,7-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½Ρ, ΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈ P. aeruginosa Ρ C. albicans
Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΏΠΎΡ ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ 1,2-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π· Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ
Nowadays the problem of the antimicrobial resistance promotes the search of new chemical core-structures with the antimicrobial properties.Aim. To study the interaction of 1,2-benzoxathiin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide with active methylene nitriles and aliphatic aldehydes and assess the antimicrobial activity of the compounds obtained.Results and discussion. 1,2-Benzoxathiin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide as a structural analog of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds was used in the three-component interaction with aliphatic aldehydes and active methylene nitriles. In the case of malononitrile the target compounds were formed. When using ethyl cyanoacetate the only isolated product was triethylammonium salt that could be also obtained by the two-component reaction of 1,2-benzoxathiin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide with aliphatic aldehydes. The study of the antimicrobial properties showed the higher activity of the compounds studied than in the reference drugs, especially against gram-positive strains.Experimental part. The series of 2-amino-4-alkyl-4,6-dihydropyrano[3,2-c][2,1]benzoxathiin-3-carbonitrile 5,5-dioxides and triethylammonium 3-[1-(4-hydroxy-2,2-dioxido-1,2-benzoxathiin-3-yl)alkyl]-1,2-benzoxathiin-4-olate 2,2-dioxides was synthesized. The antimicrobial activity of the compounds obtained was determined by the agar βwellβ diffusion method.Conclusions. It has been shown that 1,2-benzoxathiin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide as a structural analog of 1H-2,1-benzothiazin-4-one 2,2-dioxide can be used in similar three- and two-component reactions, but its reactivity is less due to the replacement of the 1-N-R-group with an O-atom. The novel compounds obtained exceeded the antimicrobial activity of the reference drugs, and were more active against gram-positive bacteria in contrast to isosteric derivatives of 1H-2,1-benzothiazin-4-one 2,2-dioxide that were active against gram-negative strains and fungi.ΠΠ° ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Β Β Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ 1,2-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈΠ½-4(3H)-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. 1,2-ΠΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈΠ½-4(3H)-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ 1,3-Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ². ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠ» ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΡΡΠ΄ 2-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-4-Π°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ»-4,6-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ[3,2-Ρ][2,1] Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ» 5,5-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ 3-[1-(4-Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-2 2-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ-1,2-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΈΠ»)Π°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ»]-1,2-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ 2,2-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π°Π³Π°Ρ. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. 1,2-ΠΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈΠ½-4(3H)-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ 1H-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Π±ΡΠ» ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
- ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡ
, Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ 1-N-R-Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π½Π° Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
1H-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°, Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΡ ΠΈ Π³ΡΠΈΠ±Ρ.ΠΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ Π· Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ 1,2-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½-4(3H)-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π· ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ° Π°Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ° Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. 1,2-ΠΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½-4(3H)-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ ΡΠΊ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ 1,3-Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π² ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π· Π°Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π£ Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°Π΄ΠΊΡ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½Ρ. ΠΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠ»Ρ, ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°Π΄ΠΊΡ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ. ΠΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ
Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ, Π½ΡΠΆ Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½Π½Ρ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ² ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΠ·ΠΌΡΠ².ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄ 2-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-4-Π°Π»ΠΊΡΠ»-4,6-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ[3,2-Ρ][2,1]Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½-3-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ» 5,5-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠ° 3-[1-(4-Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ-1,2-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½-3-ΡΠ»)Π°Π»ΠΊΡΠ»]-1,2-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½-4- ΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ 2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ². ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ·ΡΡ Π² Π°Π³Π°Ρ.ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. 1,2-ΠΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½-4(3H)-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ ΡΠΊ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ 1H-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π±ΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΡΡΠΈ- ΡΠ° Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΡ
, Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΡΠΉΠ½Π° Π·Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡ Π·Π° ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ 1-N-R-Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΈ Π½Π° Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ½Ρ. ΠΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π° Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½Π½Ρ ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ² ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΠ·ΠΌΡΠ² Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΡΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
1H-2,1-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½ 2,2-Π΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ, Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²βΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Π· ΡΠ½Π³ΡΠ±ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ° Π³ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈ
Improved measurements of the energy and shower maximum of cosmic rays with Tunka-Rex
The Tunka Radio Extension (Tunka-Rex) is an array of 63 antennas located in
the Tunka Valley, Siberia. It detects radio pulses in the 30-80 MHz band
produced during the air-shower development. As shown by Tunka-Rex, a sparse
radio array with about 200 m spacing is able to reconstruct the energy and the
depth of the shower maximum with satisfactory precision using simple methods
based on parameters of the lateral distribution of amplitudes. The LOFAR
experiment has shown that a sophisticated treatment of all individually
measured amplitudes of a dense antenna array can make the precision comparable
with the resolution of existing optical techniques. We develop these ideas
further and present a method based on the treatment of time series of measured
signals, i.e. each antenna station provides several points (trace) instead of a
single one (amplitude or power). We use the measured shower axis and energy as
input for CoREAS simulations: for each measured event we simulate a set of
air-showers with proton, helium, nitrogen and iron as primary particle (each
primary is simulated about ten times to cover fluctuations in the shower
maximum due to the first interaction). Simulated radio pulses are processed
with the Tunka-Rex detector response and convoluted with the measured signals.
A likelihood fit determines how well the simulated event fits to the measured
one. The positions of the shower maxima are defined from the distribution of
chi-square values of these fits. When using this improved method instead of the
standard one, firstly, the shower maximum of more events can be reconstructed,
secondly, the resolution is increased. The performance of the method is
demonstrated on the data acquired by the Tunka-Rex detector in 2012-2014.Comment: Proceedings of the 35th ICRC 2017, Busan, Kore
Signal recognition and background suppression by matched filters and neural networks for Tunka-Rex
The Tunka Radio Extension (Tunka-Rex) is a digital antenna array, which
measures the radio emission of the cosmic-ray air-showers in the frequency band
of 30-80 MHz. Tunka-Rex is co-located with TAIGA experiment in Siberia and
consists of 63 antennas, 57 of them are in a densely instrumented area of about
1 km\textsuperscript{2}. In the present work we discuss the improvements of the
signal reconstruction applied for the Tunka-Rex. At the first stage we
implemented matched filtering using averaged signals as template. The
simulation study has shown that matched filtering allows one to decrease the
threshold of signal detection and increase its purity. However, the maximum
performance of matched filtering is achievable only in case of white noise,
while in reality the noise is not fully random due to different reasons. To
recognize hidden features of the noise and treat them, we decided to use
convolutional neural network with autoencoder architecture. Taking the recorded
trace as an input, the autoencoder returns denoised trace, i.e. removes all
signal-unrelated amplitudes. We present the comparison between standard method
of signal reconstruction, matched filtering and autoencoder, and discuss the
prospects of application of neural networks for lowering the threshold of
digital antenna arrays for cosmic-ray detection.Comment: ARENA2018 proceeding
Consistent alpha-cluster description of the 12C (0^+_2) resonance
The near-threshold 12C (0^+_2) resonance provides unique possibility for fast
helium burning in stars, as predicted by Hoyle to explain the observed
abundance of elements in the Universe. Properties of this resonance are
calculated within the framework of the alpha-cluster model whose two-body and
three-body effective potentials are tuned to describe the alpha - alpha
scattering data, the energies of the 0^+_1 and 0^+_2 states, and the
0^+_1-state root-mean-square radius. The extremely small width of the 0^+_2
state, the 0_2^+ to 0_1^+ monopole transition matrix element, and transition
radius are found in remarkable agreement with the experimental data. The
0^+_2-state structure is described as a system of three alpha-particles
oscillating between the ground-state-like configuration and the elongated chain
configuration whose probability exceeds 0.9
- β¦