The Effects of Walking with a Load in the Heat on Physiological Responses among Military Reserve Female Cadets

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(2): 900-911, 2020. This study aimed to investigate the effects of walking in a hot and humid environment while wearing a combat suit with a load on physiological responses among the Malaysian Military Reserve Officer Training Unit (ROTU) female cadets. Eight healthy female ROTU cadets (age: 21.3 ± 1.0 years old; height: 156.3 ± 4.9 cm; weight: 55.6 ± 7.5 kg) participated in this randomised, crossover trial. They walked for 1 h on a treadmill at 3 km.h-1 while carrying either 8.2 kg load (WL) or without load (WOL) in a room maintained at 30°C and 70% relative humidity. Heart rate, rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and tympanic temperature were recorded at regular intervals during the trials. Nude body weight was recorded before and after the walk to determine body weight loss and sweat rate. Urine samples were also collected before and after the walk to determine urine specific gravity of the participants. There was a significant main effect of time and interaction for heart rate (p \u3c 0.001) during the experimental trials. Tympanic temperature was significantly higher at 60th min in WL trial (p \u3c 0.05) compared to the WOL trial. Similarly, RPE was found to be significantly higher in WL trial (p \u3c 0.01) compared to the WOL trial. However, the percentage of body weight loss and sweat rate was significantly different between trials (p \u3c 0.05). Wearing a combat suit with a load showed significantly increased metabolic demands compared to wearing combat suit alone during prolonged walking in a hot and humid environment

Comparaison de deux modèles d'enseignement de la chimie en 5ème

Nous proposons deux modèles d'enseignement, concernant l'acquisition du concept d'élément chimique en classe de 5ème. Le premier est basé sur une approche expérimentale et empirique, le second introduit les notions de molécules et d'atomes avant la réalisation d'expériences. Les deux groupes ont passé les mêmes questionnaires avant et après application des modèles d'enseignement. Certains résultats semblent inhabituels et nous tentons de les expliquer.We propose two models of teaching the concept of chemical elements at French level five. The first model is based on an experimental and empirical approach, the second one introduces the notions of molecules and atoms before the experiences. The two groups have been tested by the same questionnaries before and after the application of different teachings. Some results seem unusual and we try, in this paper, to propose an interpretatio

Renormalization group and isochronous oscillations

We show how the condition of isochronicity can be studied for two dimensional systems in the renormalization group (RG) context. We find a necessary condition for the isochronicity of the Cherkas and another class of cubic systems. Our conditions are satisfied by all the cases studied recently by Bardet et al \cite{bard} and Ghose Choudhury and Guh

Creation of photons in an oscillating cavity with two moving mirrors

We study the creation of photons in a one dimensional oscillating cavity with two perfectly conducting moving walls. By means of a conformal transformation we derive a set of generalized Moore's equations whose solution contains the whole information of the radiation field within the cavity. For the case of resonant oscillations we solve these equations using a renormalization group procedure that appropriately deals with the secular behaviour present in a naive perturbative approach. We study the time evolution of the energy density profile and of the number of created photons inside the cavity.Comment: LaTex file, 17 pages, 3 figures, uses epsf.st

Topology Optimization Method Research on Hollow Wide-chord Fan Blade of a High-bypass Turbofan Engine

AbstractIn order to realize lightweight design of a high-bypass turbofan engine, topology optimization of vacuum structure on a wide-chord fan blade was carried out regarding mixed loading conditions as static strength, vibration and bird-strike. Without changing the leaf shape, relationship of performance indices on vacuum structure was analyzed with simplified mechanical model of loading conditions. Topology optimization designs were carried out according to the highly sensitive conditions. Vacuum structure layout of fan blade was constructed integrating the major load transfer paths in each design proposal. Performance indices of different fan blade structures were compared. Result shown that optimized fan blade can realize lightweight as well as meeting the strength design requirement

NTMG (N-terminal Truncated Mutants Generator for cDNA): an automatic multiplex PCR assays design for generating various N-terminal truncated cDNA mutants

The sequential deletion method is generally used to locate the functional domain of a protein. With this method, in order to find the various N-terminal truncated mutants, researchers have to investigate the ATG-like codons, to design various multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) forward primers and to do several PCR experiments. This web server (N-terminal Truncated Mutants Generator for cDNA) will automatically generate groups of forward PCR primers and the corresponding reverse PCR primers that can be used in a single batch of a multiplex PCR experiment to extract the various N-terminal truncated mutants. This saves much time and money for those who use the sequential deletion method in their research. This server is available at http://oblab.cs.nchu.edu.tw:8080/WebSDL/

Coronal loop kink oscillation periods derived from the information of density, magnetic field, and loop geometry

Context. Coronal loop oscillations can be triggered by solar eruptions, for example, and are observed frequently by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board SDO offers us the opportunity to measure the photospheric vector magnetic field and carry out solar magneto-seismology (SMS). Aims. By applying SMS, we aim to verify the consistency between the observed period and the one derived from the information of coronal density, magnetic field, and loop geometry, that is, the shape of the loop axis. Methods. We analysed the data of three coronal loop oscillation events detected by SDO/AIA and SDO/HMI. First, we obtained oscillation parameters by fitting the observational data. Second, we used a differential emission measure (DEM) analysis to diagnose the temperature and density distribution along the coronal loop. Subsequently, we applied magnetic field extrapolation to reconstruct the three-dimensional magnetic field and then, finally, used the shooting method to compute the oscillation periods from the governing equation. Results. The average magnetic field determined by magnetic field extrapolation is consistent with that derived by SMS. A new analytical solution is found under the assumption of exponential density profile and uniform magnetic field. The periods estimated by combining the coronal density and magnetic field distribution and the associated loop geometry are closest to the observed ones, and are more realistic than when the loop geometry is regarded as being semi-circular or having a linear shape. Conclusions. The period of a coronal loop is sensitive to not only the density and magnetic field distribution but also the loop geometry

Observation of Two New N* Peaks in J/psi -> ppi−nˉp pi^- \bar n and pˉπ+n\bar p\pi^+n Decays

The $\pi N$ system in decays of $J/\psi\to\bar NN\pi$ is limited to be isospin 1/2 by isospin conservation. This provides a big advantage in studying $N^*\to \pi N$ compared with $\pi N$ and $\gamma N$ experiments which mix isospin 1/2 and 3/2 for the $\pi N$ system. Using 58 million $J/\psi$ decays collected with the Beijing Electron Positron Collider, more than 100 thousand $J/\psi \to p \pi^- \bar n + c.c.$ events are obtained. Besides two well known $N^*$ peaks at 1500 MeV and 1670 MeV, there are two new, clear $N^*$ peaks in the $p\pi$ invariant mass spectrum around 1360 MeV and 2030 MeV. They are the first direct observation of the $N^*(1440)$ peak and a long-sought "missing" $N^*$ peak above 2 GeV in the $\pi N$ invariant mass spectrum. A simple Breit-Wigner fit gives the mass and width for the $N^*(1440)$ peak as $1358\pm 6 \pm 16$ MeV and $179\pm 26\pm 50$ MeV, and for the new $N^*$ peak above 2 GeV as $2068\pm 3^{+15}_{-40}$ MeV and $165\pm 14\pm 40$ MeV, respectively

Rigidity percolation by next-nearest-neighbor bonds on generic and regular isostatic lattices.

Theoretical Physic