Real-Time Pricing Strategy Based on the Stability of Smart Grid for Green Internet of Things

The ever increasing demand of energy efficiency and the strong awareness of environment have led to the enhanced interests in green Internet of things (IoTs). How to efficiently deliver power, especially, with the smart grid based on the stability of network becomes a challenge for green IoTs. Therefore, in this paper we present a novel real-time pricing strategy based on the network stability in the green IoTs enabled smart grid. Firstly, the outage is analyzed by considering the imbalance of power supply and demand as well as the load uncertainty. Secondly, the problem of power supply with multiple-retailers is formulated as a Stackelberg game, where the optimal price can be obtained with the maximal profit for retailers and users. Thirdly, the stability of price is analyzed under the constraints. In addition, simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed strategy

Superfast Liquid Transfer Strategy Through Sliding on a Liquid Membrane Inspired from Scorpion Setae

Although diversified biological structures have evolved fog collection abilities, the typical speeds of the condensed water droplets on these surfaces are too slow to have practical utility. The main challenge focuses on the elimination of the interfacial hydrodynamic resistance without external energy support. Here, an unusual strategy for superfast self‐support transfer condensed droplets is supported by sliding on seta of desert scorpion. It can be rapidly wetted by the fog droplets owing to its conical shape with linear gradient channels. A loss of interfacial resistance by this hydrodynamically lubricating water membrane could significantly accelerate the movement of the droplets, thus making its velocity increasing by one order of magnitude, or even more. Inspired by this novel strategy, the novel bioinspired materials are fabricated with the similar gradient channel structures and droplet transportation mode, which can make the condensed droplets spontaneously slide on the low‐friction liquid membrane. The fundamental understanding of superfast fog capture and the sliding dynamics of condensed droplets in this system could inspire to develop novel materials or various systems to transfer liquid fast and efficiently without external energy support.An unusual strategy for superfast transferring condensed droplets by sliding on liquid membrane of desert scorpion seta is reported. A loss of interfacial resistance could significantly accelerate the droplets by this hydrodynamically lubricating liquid membrane. Then, the bioinspired materials with similar droplet transportation mode are fabricated, which will inspire to develop novel materials to transport liquid without external energy.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146306/1/admi201800802-sup-0001-S1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146306/2/admi201800802.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146306/3/admi201800802_am.pd

Crikvenica\u27s cemetries

Autor u radu donosi povijesni pregled posljednjih počivališta, od najstarijih prapovijesnih nalaza na predjelu Stolnič, nalaza iz razdoblja antike u sklopu rimskoga Ad Turresa, srednjovjekovnog groblja Stranče-Gorica u bliskom zaleđu crikvenice, zatim tri groblja vezana uz crkve: sv. Šimuna i Jude Tadeja u naselju Kotor, sv. Antona na Gorici i pavlinske Crkve BDM na ušću Dubračine, jednog kratkotrajno korištenog groblja na lokaciji današnjeg Gradskog kupališta, do sadašnjega i budućega crikveničkog groblja koje postoji tek u planskim dokumentima. Povijest crikveničkih groblja je zapravo povijest samoga mjesta Crikvenice i njegove urbanizacije. S porastom broja stanovnika, koji se u posljednjih 150 godina povećao za gotovo tri i pol puta, rastu potrebe za novim ukopištima. Stoga se koncem 18. i početkom 19. stoljeća otvaraju tri groblja na novim lokacijama, ali se iz urbanističkih razloga dva groblja zatvaraju, a ukopi sele na sadašnje crikveničko groblje. Prostorni resursi postojećeg groblja su do krajnosti potrošeni, pa je izrađena planska dokumentacija za novo groblje u blizini crikveničkog naselja Zoričići, ispod vrha Drenin.In the paper the author gives an overview of the final resting places, from the oldest prehistoric finds at the area of Stolnič, finds from Antiquity within the Roman Ad Turres, the Stranče-Gorica mediaeval cemetery in the nearby hinterland of Crikvenica, then the three cemeteries connected to the churches: Saints Simon and Jude Thaddeus in the settlement of Kotor, St Anthony on Gorica and the Pauline Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary at the mouth of the Dubračina, a single use cemetery at the site of the town’s current bathing area, to the present-day and future Crikvenica cemetery which exists only in planning documents. The history of Crikvenica’s cemeteries is in fact the history of the town of Crikvenica itself and its urbanisation. With the growth of the population, which over the last 150 years has increased almost three and a half times, the need for new burial grounds has also grown. Therefore, at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th three cemeteries opened in new locations, however for urbanisation reasons two cemeteries were closed, and the burials moved to the current Crikvenica cemetery. The spatial resources of the existing cemetery have been used to the extremes, so planning documentation has been made for a new cemetery near to the Crikvenica settlement of Zoričići, under the hilltop of Drenin

Optimal Decision-Making to Charge Electric Vehicles in Heterogeneous Networks: Stackelberg Game Approach

Electric vehicles (EVs) are designed to improve the efficiency of energy and prevent the environment from being polluted, when they are widely and reasonably used in the transport system. However, due to the feature of EV’s batteries, the charging problem plays an important role in the application of EVs. Fortunately, with the help of advanced technologies, charging stations powered by smart grid operators (SGOs) can easily and conveniently solve the problems and supply charging service to EV users. In this paper, we consider that EVs will be charged by charging station operators (CSOs) in heterogeneous networks (Hetnet), through which they can exchange the information with each other. Considering the trading relationship among EV users, CSOs, and SGOs, we design their own utility functions in Hetnet, where the demand uncertainty is taken into account. In order to maximize the profits, we formulate this charging problem as a four-stage Stackelberg game, through which the optimal strategy is studied and analyzed. In the Stackelberg game model, we theoretically prove and discuss the existence and uniqueness of the Stackelberg equilibrium (SE). Using the proposed iterative algorithm, the optimal solution can be obtained in the optimization problem. The performance of the strategy is shown in the simulation results. It is shown that the simulation results confirm the efficiency of the model in Hetnet

Real-Time Pricing Strategy Based on the Stability of Smart Grid for Green Internet of Things

The ever increasing demand of energy efficiency and the strong awareness of environment have led to the enhanced interests in green Internet of things (IoTs). How to efficiently deliver power, especially, with the smart grid based on the stability of network becomes a challenge for green IoTs. Therefore, in this paper we present a novel real-time pricing strategy based on the network stability in the green IoTs enabled smart grid. Firstly, the outage is analyzed by considering the imbalance of power supply and demand as well as the load uncertainty. Secondly, the problem of power supply with multiple-retailers is formulated as a Stackelberg game, where the optimal price can be obtained with the maximal profit for retailers and users. Thirdly, the stability of price is analyzed under the constraints. In addition, simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed strategy

How Does Environmental Protection Tax Affect Corporate Environmental Investment? Evidence from Chinese Listed Enterprises

This study mainly investigates the nexus of environmental protection tax and corporate environmental investment using a quasi-natural experiment and the difference-in-difference method. On the basis of 422 Chinese listed enterprises from 2012 to 2020, empirical results show that environmental protection tax has significantly reduced corporate environmental investment in China. In terms of mechanism, environmental protection tax inhibits corporate environmental investment through the financing constraints and the substitution effect of innovation investment. In terms of heterogeneity, environmental protection tax has a significant inhibitory effect on environmental investment for large firms, state-owned firms, and firms located in cities with strict regulations and economically developed cities. Environmental protection tax has a negative effect on corporate environmental investment, mainly through direct effect, innovation substitution effect, and financing inhibition effect

How Does Environmental Protection Tax Affect Corporate Environmental Investment? Evidence from Chinese Listed Enterprises

This study mainly investigates the nexus of environmental protection tax and corporate environmental investment using a quasi-natural experiment and the difference-in-difference method. On the basis of 422 Chinese listed enterprises from 2012 to 2020, empirical results show that environmental protection tax has significantly reduced corporate environmental investment in China. In terms of mechanism, environmental protection tax inhibits corporate environmental investment through the financing constraints and the substitution effect of innovation investment. In terms of heterogeneity, environmental protection tax has a significant inhibitory effect on environmental investment for large firms, state-owned firms, and firms located in cities with strict regulations and economically developed cities. Environmental protection tax has a negative effect on corporate environmental investment, mainly through direct effect, innovation substitution effect, and financing inhibition effect

A response model for surface acoustic wave enzyme sensor applied to the kinetic study of urease-catalytic reaction and urea determination

288-294A binary substrate-enzyme complex response model based on a surface acoustic wave (SAW) enzyme sensor has been derived to study enzymatic-catalytic reactions. It is applied to a non-linear least squares metho based on Marquardt algorithm by fitting urease-catalytic reaction data. The effect of initial values of rate constants on the programme convergence of the proposed method is discussed. The kinetic parameters have been estimated and these are of the same order of magnitude as those reported in the literature. As a comparison, the substrate (urea) concentration has been analyzed by the proposed method, the calibration method and the iterative Kalman filter method .The recovery in the case of the proposed method ranges from 98.0% to 103.2% while that for other two methods is in the range of 96.0- 104.4% and 97.2-103.8% respectively. These methods are also used to determine the urea content in human blood. The proposed method compares favourably with other methods and gives more precise results

Separation Methods for Toxic Components in Traditional Chinese Medicines

Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs)with many unique functions for treating diseases have attracted the interest of people worldwide. They have been popularly utilized for therapy and health promotion in most Asian countries and even in many European and North American countries. However, it should be clearly noted that TCMs are mixtures with complicated composition usually containing hundreds, even thousands of chemically different constituents, and it is the multiple constituents that work synthetically to determine the ultimate effect of a formula of TCM. Meanwhile, some components with toxicity in some TCMs, having various negative effects on different parts of body, may do serious harm to people's health; such harm in particular requires our attention. In this article, applications of different chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques in the analysis of toxic components in TCMs in recent decades have been comprehensively reviewed and some hyphenated procedures (combinations of two kinds of measurement) applied in this field are also summarized.Chemistry, AnalyticalSCI(E)891019-10292

Reliability evaluation of electromechanical braking system of mine hoist based on fault tree analysis and Bayesian network

Electromechanical braking system is the key way to improve the braking response ability of mine hoist. At present, the reliability research of electromechanical braking system is less. In order to further analyze and improve the reliability of electro-mechanical braking system, this paper adopts the reliability analysis method of electro-mechanical braking system based on fault tree and Bayesian network. Firstly, the fault tree of the electro-mechanical braking system is established, and then the fault tree is transformed into a Bayesian network, and the posterior probability, probability importance and key importance of each root node are inversely deduced. The diagnosis results show that the ball screw is the weakest link of the electro-mechanical braking system. Then the static simulation and fatigue life simulation of the ball screw are carried out for optimization, and the optimal model of the ball screw is determined. Finally, the electro-mechanical brake installed with the optimized ball screw is tested and analyzed. After the reliable performance test of the electro-mechanical brake, it is finally determined that the braking effect of the optimized electro-mechanical brake is stable