1,494 research outputs found
Reproducing FSL's fMRI data analysis via Nipype:Relevance, challenges, and solutions
The "replication crisis" in neuroscientific research has led to calls for improving reproducibility. In traditional neuroscience analyses, irreproducibility may occur as a result of issues across various stages of the methodological process. For example, different operating systems, different software packages, and even different versions of the same package can lead to variable results. Nipype, an open-source Python project, integrates different neuroimaging software packages uniformly to improve the reproducibility of neuroimaging analyses. Nipype has the advantage over traditional software packages (e.g., FSL, ANFI, SPM, etc.) by (1) providing comprehensive software development frameworks and usage information, (2) improving computational efficiency, (3) facilitating reproducibility through sufficient details, and (4) easing the steep learning curve. Despite the rich tutorials it has provided, the Nipype community lacks a standard three-level GLM tutorial for FSL. Using the classical Flanker task dataset, we first precisely reproduce a three-level GLM analysis with FSL via Nipype. Next, we point out some undocumented discrepancies between Nipype and FSL functions that led to substantial differences in results. Finally, we provide revised Nipype code in re-executable notebooks that assure result invariability between FSL and Nipype. Our analyses, notebooks, and operating software specifications (e.g., docker build files) are available on the Open Science Framework platform
Discrete moving breather collisions in a Klein-Gordon chain of oscillators
We study collision processes of moving breathers with the same frequency,
traveling with opposite directions within a Klein-Gordon chain of oscillators.
Two types of collisions have been analyzed: symmetric and non-symmetric,
head-on collisions. For low enough frequency the outcome is strongly dependent
of the dynamical states of the two colliding breathers just before the
collision. For symmetric collisions, several results can be observed: breather
generation, with the formation of a trapped breather and two new moving
breathers; breather reflection; generation of two new moving breathers; and
breather fusion bringing about a trapped breather. For non-symmetric collisions
the possible results are: breather generation, with the formation of three new
moving breathers; breather fusion, originating a new moving breather; breather
trapping with also breather reflection; generation of two new moving breathers;
and two new moving breathers traveling as a ligand state. Breather annihilation
has never been observed.Comment: 19 pages, 12 figure
Breather trapping and breather transmission in a DNA model with an interface
We study the dynamics of moving discrete breathers in an interfaced piecewise
DNA molecule.
This is a DNA chain in which all the base pairs are identical and there
exists an interface such that the base pairs dipole moments at each side are
oriented in opposite directions.
The Hamiltonian of the Peyrard--Bishop model is augmented with a term that
includes the dipole--dipole coupling between base pairs. Numerical simulations
show the existence of two dynamical regimes. If the translational kinetic
energy of a moving breather launched towards the interface is below a critical
value, it is trapped in a region around the interface collecting vibrational
energy. For an energy larger than the critical value, the breather is
transmitted and continues travelling along the double strand with lower
velocity. Reflection phenomena never occur.
The same study has been carried out when a single dipole is oriented in
opposite direction to the other ones.
When moving breathers collide with the single inverted dipole, the same
effects appear. These results emphasize the importance of this simple type of
local inhomogeneity as it creates a mechanism for the trapping of energy.
Finally, the simulations show that, under favorable conditions, several
launched moving breathers can be trapped successively at the interface region
producing an accumulation of vibrational energy. Moreover, an additional
colliding moving breather can produce a saturation of energy and a moving
breather with all the accumulated energy is transmitted to the chain.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figure
Patients with refractory cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation are at high risk for CMV disease and non-relapse mortality
AbstractPre-emptive therapy is an effective approach for cytomegalovirus (CMV) control; however, refractory CMV still occurs in a considerable group of recipients after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Until now, hardly any data have been available about the clinical characteristics and risk factors of refractory CMV, or its potential harmful impact on the clinical outcome following allo-HSCT. We studied transplant factors affecting refractory CMV in the 100 days after allo-HSCT, and the impact of refractory CMV on the risk of CMV disease and non-relapse mortality (NRM). We retrospectively studied 488 consecutive patients with CMV infection after allo-HSCT. Patients with refractory CMV in the 100 days after allo-HSCT had a higher incidence of CMV disease and NRM than those without refractory CMV (11.9% vs. 0.8% and 17.1% vs. 8.3%, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that refractory CMV infection in the 100 days after allo-HSCT was an independent risk factor for CMV disease (hazard ratio (HR) 10.539, 95% CI 2.467–45.015, p 0.001), and that refractory CMV infection within 60–100 days after allo-HSCT was an independent risk factor for NRM (HR 8.435, 95% CI 1.511–47.099, p 0.015). Clinical factors impacting on the risk of refractory CMV infection included receiving transplants from human leukocyte antigen-mismatched family donors (HR 2.012, 95% CI 1.603–2.546, p <0.001) and acute graft-versus-host disease (HR 1.905, 95% CI 1.352–2.686, p <0.001). We conclude that patients with refractory CMV infection during the early stage after allo-HSCT are at high risk for both CMV disease and NRM
Ieee access special section editorial: Cloud and big data-based next-generation cognitive radio networks
In cognitive radio networks (CRN), secondary users (SUs) are required to detect the presence of the licensed users, known as primary users (PUs), and to find spectrum holes for opportunistic spectrum access without causing harmful interference to PUs. However, due to complicated data processing, non-real-Time information exchange and limited memory, SUs often suffer from imperfect sensing and unreliable spectrum access. Cloud computing can solve this problem by allowing the data to be stored and processed in a shared environment. Furthermore, the information from a massive number of SUs allows for more comprehensive information exchanges to assist the
Relative Equilibria in the Four-Vortex Problem with Two Pairs of Equal Vorticities
We examine in detail the relative equilibria in the four-vortex problem where
two pairs of vortices have equal strength, that is, \Gamma_1 = \Gamma_2 = 1 and
\Gamma_3 = \Gamma_4 = m where m is a nonzero real parameter. One main result is
that for m > 0, the convex configurations all contain a line of symmetry,
forming a rhombus or an isosceles trapezoid. The rhombus solutions exist for
all m but the isosceles trapezoid case exists only when m is positive. In fact,
there exist asymmetric convex configurations when m < 0. In contrast to the
Newtonian four-body problem with two equal pairs of masses, where the symmetry
of all convex central configurations is unproven, the equations in the vortex
case are easier to handle, allowing for a complete classification of all
solutions. Precise counts on the number and type of solutions (equivalence
classes) for different values of m, as well as a description of some of the
bifurcations that occur, are provided. Our techniques involve a combination of
analysis and modern and computational algebraic geometry
Stationary strings and branes in the higher-dimensional Kerr-NUT-(A)dS spacetimes
We demonstrate complete integrability of the Nambu-Goto equations for a
stationary string in the general Kerr-NUT-(A)dS spacetime describing the
higher-dimensional rotating black hole. The stationary string in D dimensions
is generated by a 1-parameter family of Killing trajectories and the problem of
finding a string configuration reduces to a problem of finding a geodesic line
in an effective (D-1)-dimensional space. Resulting integrability of this
geodesic problem is connected with the existence of hidden symmetries which are
inherited from the black hole background. In a spacetime with p mutually
commuting Killing vectors it is possible to introduce a concept of a
-brane, that is a p-brane with the worldvolume generated by these fields
and a 1-dimensional curve. We discuss integrability of such -branes in the
Kerr-NUT-(A)dS spacetime.Comment: 8 pages, no figure
Competition between spin and charge polarized states in nanographene ribbons with zigzag edges
Effects of the nearest neighbor Coulomb interaction on nanographene ribbons
with zigzag edges are investigated using the extended Hubbard model within the
unrestricted Hartree-Fock approximation. The nearest Coulomb interaction
stabilizes a novel electronic state with the opposite electric charges
separated and localized along both edges, resulting in a finite electric dipole
moment pointing from one edge to the other. This charge-polarized state
competes with the peculiar spin-polarized state caused by the on-site Coulomb
interaction and is stabilized by an external electric field.Comment: 4 pages; 4 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B; related
Web site: http://staff.aist.go.jp/k.harigaya/index_E.htm
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