Federation of Open Source Initiatives in Promoting and Sustaining E-Learning in Rural Areas

with an aim to bring a positive shift from being known as developing country to developed country, the concept of E-learning got its recognition in India as one of the technological invention. In todays� time, learning is no longer limited to classrooms with conventional method of knowledge parsing. E-learning is one of the skillful schemes to impart education with a strong sense of self-motivation, communication and technology in an effective manner. The usage of technology allows the utilization of E-resources in E-world comprising new innovations and conventions of Open Source standards. Various open source e-learning platforms have been developed ensuring successful contribution of the programmers to the development of a software package, with an aim to integrate technology seamlessly into the curriculum. The content obtained from the open source tools is one of the promising concepts for E-learning and Knowledge Management. The promotion of learning seems to be hazardous in rural communities and areas due to low horizon mindset of students and teaming negligence of teachers towards Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and new open source learning paradigms

“A Study To Assess The Effectiveness Of Helfer Skin Technique On Level Of Pain During Intra-Muscular Injection Among Adult Patients At Selected Hospitals Of Vadodara City.”

INTRODUCTION: Ensuring patient comfort is a crucial aspect of nursing care, with pain management being a primary concern for healthcare providers. Pain is often cited as a key reason for seeking medical assistance and is considered the fifth vital sign. It can significantly impact an individual's thoughts, activities, and overall quality of life. One common experience of pain is associated with intramuscular injections. Nurse Joanne Helfer introduced the Helfer technique, which aims to minimize pain during these injections by stimulating muscle fibers, providing mechanical stimulation, and offering distraction to the patient. AIM:  The goal of this research is to assess the efficiency of the helfer skin method on the amount of discomfort experienced after intramuscular injection in adults.          MATERIALS & METHODS:   For this study, a quasi-experimental post-test-only research design was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Helfer technique in reducing pain among 80 hospitalized adults undergoing intramuscular injections. Participants were selected using a non-probability convenient sampling method. Data was gathered using the standardized 0-10 numerical pain scale developed by McCaffery. The intervention involved applying the Helfer technique. RESULTS: The current research assessed the effectiveness of the Helfer skin tap method in reducing pain from intramuscular injections among hospitalized adults. Results showed that the average pain score associated with intramuscular injections was lower in the study group compared to the control group. The obtained "t" value of 13.57 was statistically significant at a significance level of p≤0.05. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Further analysis revealed a substantial difference between the mean pain perception scores of the study and control groups. The calculated unpaired "t" test value of 13.57* which was statistically significant at p<0.05and indicates a significant reduction in pain perception among patients who received the Helfer skin tap technique compared to those in the control group. These findings strongly support the acceptance of the research hypothesis, demonstrating the effectiveness of the intervention in reducing pain perception level

Comparative Analysis of MANET Routing Protocol by Varying Number of Groups in Group Mobility Model

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a network consisting of wireless mobile nodes that are self configuring and communicate with each other any centralized infrastructure. Each device in a MANET can move freely and independently in any direction and will therefore change its links to other devices frequently. In order to facilitate the communication within a network, a routing protocol is used to discover the routes between nodes. The preeminent goal of such an ad-hoc network routing protocol is to establish correct and efficient routes between a pair of nodes so that messages are delivered in a timely manner. In this paper, we have compared the performance of MANET routing protocol AODV in Group Mobility Model. We have analyzed the performance of protocol by varying the number of groups in a Group Mobility Model. The simulation has been carried out in Qualnet 6.1. The metrics used for performance are Average Jitter, Throughput, End-End delay and Data Received. It has been observed that AODV gives better result when there are maximum numbers of groups in Group Mobility Model

A Technical Review on Energy Efficient Protocol based on PEGASIS and LEACH

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a new developing technology that enables users to interconnect without any physical arrangement of their geographical location so that sometimes referred to as an arrangement of fewer networks. An ad-hoc network is an adaptive, self-organizing device in mobile, should be able to detect the presence of any other devices that perform necessary set up to facilitate communication, sharing of data and service. The Clustering is used for the network lifetime and it is very important method in Mobile AD Hoc Networks. The scheme is used by the cluster head node which plays a very important role inside the transmitting packet process from one cluster to the other or nearest node. The power resource of each sensor node is limited in the cluster. Minimizing energy dissipation and maximizing network lifetime are important issue in the design of routing protocols for sensor networks. This paper proposes a comparison of LEACH and PEGASIS protocol which is intended to balance the energy consumption of the entire network and extend the lifetime of the network

Assessing The Impact Of A Structured Teaching Program On The Knowledge Of Final Year B.Sc. Nursing Students Regarding Nursing Care For Patients On Mechanical Ventilators In Selected Nursing Colleges Of Gujarat.

Introduction: Critical illnesses can affect individuals at any age, posing life-threatening challenges that disrupt various aspects of their well-being. Such conditions have profound effects on physical, psychological, socio-cultural, and spiritual dimensions. Goal-oriented care is crucial for survival, focusing on achieving optimal physical, psychological, and social potential. Nursing plays a pivotal role in restoring an individual's life processes to dynamic equilibrium, with nurses serving as catalysts by making timely and complex decisions to promote life processes. Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured training programme on nursing treatment for people on mechanical ventilation systems among B.Sc. nursing students in their final year. Materials & Methods: A critical evaluation was conducted using a “pre-experimental one-group pretest-post-test research design”. A convenient sampling method was employed to choose 50 final year students for the study purpose. Data collection involved the use of a well-structured questionnaire, and the effectiveness of knowledge transfer to the students was assessed through the implementation of a structured teaching program. This approach aimed to provide comprehensive insights into the impact of the educational intervention on enhancing the understanding of mechanical ventilator care among the selected nursing students. Results: The study evaluated the knowledge of “final year B.Sc. nursing students” regarding the care of patients on mechanical ventilators. In the pretest, 7 students exhibited average knowledge, while 43 had poor knowledge. In the posttest, 22 students demonstrated average knowledge, and 28 exhibited good knowledge. The overall mean percentage of knowledge in the pretest was 36.66% (SD=3.4), while in the posttest, it was 76.66% (SD=3.2) with a positive difference of 11.68 and 't' value 1.84. Interpretation and Conclusion: The post-test average score exhibited a significant increase compared to the pretest score (p < 0.05), registering an overall mean of 11.68 points. This substantial improvement underscores the significant enhancement in final year B.Sc. nursing students' comprehension of patient care on mechanical ventilators. The researcher observed that the structured teaching program effectively conveyed information to these students, demonstrating its efficacy in facilitating knowledge acquisition. This highlights the program's potential impact in fostering a more informed approach to patient care in the field of nursing

A Case Study of Socioeconomic Inequalities of Young Agricultural Migrant Workers in District Kewra, Haryana

Rural-to-urban migration is an ongoing process under the current circumstances. 54% of the world's population lives in urban areas and has access to per capita employment resources. India and Nigeria have the highest growth rates, according to a United Nations report. This study is being conducted with the aim of analyzing the access to health care of the migrant population in Kewra Village, Haryana. Interstate immigrants are coming to Haryana and other metropolitan areas of India in hopes of a better quality of life, higher incomes, better education and better health facilities. But the harsh reality is that these development indicators are not readily available to the majority of the immigration-dependent Indian population. In Haryana, migrant workers are generally absorbed into the agricultural sector. These migrant workers are forced to work on the land of other farmers and landlords. They only contribute to the production of agricultural products and do not own any land within the state for their own consumption or farming. Some of these migrant workers tend to work in the same fields for long periods of time, earning a daily wage as a reward for their loyalty, but some are also promoted to share in the harvest. These migrant workers are an important source of capital and contribute significantly to the production of landlords and farmers

Watermarking Algorithm for Encrypting Fingerprint Image -A MatLab Implementation

In today’s world of electronic communication we use to send and receive data through internet. Apart from sending data to the correct recipient, the aspect of secure transmission also comes to picture i.e. data should remain unhampered. There are many techniques and algorithm coming in existence to provide secure transmission of data. Biometrics being one of the fast growing industries for identifying a person also needs to be secure. In this paper we are suggesting an algorithm to encrypt a fingerprint sample so that it can securely be transmitted over internet. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15033

“A study to assess the knowledge of primary school teachers regarding selected behavioural problems among children in selected schools in Nadiad city with a view to develop an information booklet.”

In population Study, we can follow the occurrence of initial symptoms of selected behavioral problems which may such as ADHD, conduct disorder (Juvenile Delinquency, Aggression), Temper tantrum, which alters the mood and cause problems and interfere with academic performance of primary school children. A teacher plays most important role in early diagnosis of mental health problems. The school children spend most of the time with teachers in school, so teacher can detect metal disorder and provide direct class room teaching or class room setting or educational services to child. Teachers play influencing roll in the development of personality, listening to a child’s problem is an important skill of teacher

Pyrosequencing the transcriptome of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum reveals multiple transcripts encoding insecticide targets and detoxifying enzymes.

Published onlineJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tBACKGROUND: The whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum is an economically important crop pest in temperate regions that has developed resistance to most classes of insecticides. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance have not been characterised and, to date, progress has been hampered by a lack of nucleotide sequence data for this species. Here, we use pyrosequencing on the Roche 454-FLX platform to produce a substantial and annotated EST dataset. This 'unigene set' will form a critical reference point for quantitation of over-expressed messages via digital transcriptomics. RESULTS: Pyrosequencing produced around a million sequencing reads that assembled into 54,748 contigs, with an average length of 965 bp, representing a dramatic expansion of existing cDNA sequences available for T. vaporariorum (only 43 entries in GenBank at the time of this publication). BLAST searching of non-redundant databases returned 20,333 significant matches and those gene families potentially encoding gene products involved in insecticide resistance were manually curated and annotated. These include, enzymes potentially involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and those encoding the targets of the major chemical classes of insecticides. A total of 57 P450s, 17 GSTs and 27 CCEs were identified along with 30 contigs encoding the target proteins of six different insecticide classes. CONCLUSION: Here, we have developed new transcriptomic resources for T. vaporariorum. These include a substantial and annotated EST dataset that will serve the community studying this important crop pest and will elucidate further the molecular mechanisms underlying insecticide resistance.CASE PhD studentship BBSRCBayer CropScienceRothamsted Researc

Determining the effectiveness of fibrin sealants in reducing complications in patients undergoing lateral neck dissection (DEFeND): Study protocol for a randomised external pilot trial

© 2020 The Author(s). Background: Complications after major surgery are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Neck dissection is one of the most commonly performed major operations in Head and Neck Surgical Oncology. Significant surgical complications occur in approximately 10-20% of all patients, increasing to 40% in patients who have had previous treatment to the area or have multiple co-morbidities and/or polypharmacy. Current evidence suggests that fibrin sealants (FS) may have potential clinical advantages in Head and Neck Surgery through the reduction of complications, volume of wound drainage and retention time of the drains. However, a paucity of high-quality trial-based evidence means that a surgical trial to determine the effectiveness of FS in reducing the rate and severity of complications in patients undergoing lateral neck dissection is warranted. The DEFeND randomised external pilot trial will address critical questions on how well key components of the proposed study design work together as well as the feasibility of a future phase III trial. Methods: The study design that is being piloted is that of a two-arm, parallel group, superiority trial with block randomisation in a 1:1 allocation ratio. The interventional arm will constitute the application of FS (Artiss, Baxter Healthcare Ltd.) to the surgical wound following completion of a neck dissection procedure, in addition to standard of care (SOC). The control arm will constitute SOC alone. Eligible patients will include patients who require a lateral neck dissection with a minimum of three cervical nodal levels. Patients who require bilateral neck procedures or undergoing immediate reconstruction with free or regional flaps will be excluded. The outcomes being assessed will be recruitment rate, screened to randomisation rate, fidelity of blinding process using blinding indices, number of missing or incomplete data entries, number of protocol deviations and number of losses to follow-up. Suitability of the outcome measures proposed for the future phase III trial will also be assessed. Discussion: The anticipated challenges for this study will be recruitment, complexity of the intervention and adherence to the protocol. The outcomes will inform the design, feasibility and conduct of a future phase III surgical trial. Trial registration: First participant randomised: November 06, 2018; UKCRN Portfolio ID: 37896; ISRCTN99181100