Improved Bi-criteria Approximation for the All-or-Nothing Multicommodity Flow Problem in Arbitrary Networks

This paper addresses the following fundamental maximum throughput routing problem: Given an arbitrary edge-capacitated $n$-node directed network and a set of $k$ commodities, with source-destination pairs $(s_i,t_i)$ and demands $d_i> 0$, admit and route the largest possible number of commodities -- i.e., the maximum {\em throughput} -- to satisfy their demands. The main contributions of this paper are two-fold: First, we present a bi-criteria approximation algorithm for this all-or-nothing multicommodity flow (ANF) problem. Our algorithm is the first to achieve a {\em constant approximation of the maximum throughput} with an {\em edge capacity violation ratio that is at most logarithmic in $n$}, with high probability. Our approach is based on a version of randomized rounding that keeps splittable flows, rather than approximating those via a non-splittable path for each commodity: This allows our approach to work for {\em arbitrary directed edge-capacitated graphs}, unlike most of the prior work on the ANF problem. Our algorithm also works if we consider the weighted throughput, where the benefit gained by fully satisfying the demand for commodity $i$ is determined by a given weight $w_i>0$. Second, we present a derandomization of our algorithm that maintains the same approximation bounds, using novel pessimistic estimators for Bernstein's inequality. In addition, we show how our framework can be adapted to achieve a polylogarithmic fraction of the maximum throughput while maintaining a constant edge capacity violation, if the network capacity is large enough. One important aspect of our randomized and derandomized algorithms is their {\em simplicity}, which lends to efficient implementations in practice

Annual (2023) taxonomic update of RNA-directed RNA polymerase-encoding negative-sense RNA viruses (realm Riboviria: kingdom Orthornavirae: phylum Negarnaviricota)

55 Pág.In April 2023, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by one new family, 14 new genera, and 140 new species. Two genera and 538 species were renamed. One species was moved, and four were abolished. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.This work was supported in part through the Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infec tious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. U.J.B. was supported by the Division of Intramural Resarch, NIAID. This work was also funded in part by Contract No. HSHQDC15-C-00064 awarded by DHS S and T for the management and operation of The National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Centre, a federally funded research and development centre operated by the Battelle National Biodefense Institute (V.W.); and NIH contract HHSN272201000040I/HHSN27200004/D04 and grant R24AI120942 (N.V., R.B.T.). S.S. acknowl edges support from the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), USDA-ARS project 58-6066-9-033 and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project, under Accession Number 1021494. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Department of the Army, the U.S. Department of Defence, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, including the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology Directorate (S and T), or of the institutions and companies affiliated with the authors. In no event shall any of these entities have any responsibility or liability for any use, misuse, inability to use, or reliance upon the information contained herein. The U.S. departments do not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this publication. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S.Government retains a non-exclusive, paid up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes.Peer reviewe

Annual (2023) taxonomic update of RNA-directed RNA polymerase-encoding negative-sense RNA viruses (realm Riboviria: kingdom Orthornavirae: phylum Negarnaviricota).

In April 2023, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by one new family, 14 new genera, and 140 new species. Two genera and 538 species were renamed. One species was moved, and four were abolished. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV

Annual (2023) taxonomic update of RNA-directed RNA polymerase-encoding negative-sense RNA viruses (realm Riboviria: kingdom Orthornavirae: phylum Negarnaviricota)

Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. U.J.B. was supported by the Division of Intramural Resarch, NIAID. This work was also funded in part by Contract No. HSHQDC15-C-00064 awarded by DHS S and T for the management and operation of The National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Centre, a federally funded research and development centre operated by the Battelle National Biodefense Institute (V.W.); and NIH contract HHSN272201000040I/HHSN27200004/D04 and grant R24AI120942 (N.V., R.B.T.). S.S. acknowledges support from the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), USDA-ARS project 58-6066-9-033 and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project, under Accession Number 1 021 494.National Institutes of Health. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease. Division of Clinical Research. Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick. Frederick, MD, USA.Hokkaido Research Organization. Agricultural Research Department. Ornamental Plants and Vegetables Research Center. Takikawa, Hokkaido, Japan.United States Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Research Service. US Horticultural Research Laboratory. Fort Pierce, FL, USA.D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of N.F. Gamaleya National Center on Epidemiology and Microbiology of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation. Moscow, Russia.University of Ljubljana. Faculty of Medicine. Institute of Microbiology and Immunology. 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Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatologia y Modelizacion Agricola. Córdoba, Argentina.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Viral Special Pathogens Branch. Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology. Atlanta, GA, USA.Philipps-University Marburg. Institute of Virology. Marburg, Germany.Colorado State University. Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology. Fort Collins, CO, USA.Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Australia.Agroscope. Virology-Phytoplasmology Laboratory. Nyon, Switzerland.University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center. Albuquerque, NM, USA.Columbia University. Mailman School of Public Health. Center for Infection and Immunity, and Department of Epidemiology. New York, USA.French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Heath Safety. 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School of Life Sciences. Coventry, UK.Hacettepe University. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Medical Microbiology. Virology Unit. Ankara, Turkey.Museum Support Center. Smithsonian Institution. Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit. Suitland, MD, USA / Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. One Health Branch. Silver Spring, MD, USA / Smithsonian Institution-National Museum of Natural History. Department of Entomology. Washington, DC, USA / China National Rice Research Institute. Hangzhou, PR China.University of Cambridge. Department of Pathology. Cambridge, UK.Animal and Plant Health Agency. eybridge, Surrey, UK.World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland.Embrapa Cassava and Fruits. Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil.Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg. Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Halle/Saale, Germany.Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. La Plata, Argentina.Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. 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Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine. WHO Collaborating Centre for Arboviruses and Hemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research. Department of Virology. Hamburg, Germany.United States Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Research Service / United States Naval Academy. Floral and Nursery Plants Research Unit. Beltsville, MD, USA.Hosei University. Department of Clinical Plant Science. Koganei, Tokyo, Japan.Kochi Agricultural Research Center. Nankoku, Kochi, Japan.University of Helsinki. Department of Virology. Medicum, Helsinki, Finland.University of Zurich. Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty. Zurich, Switzerland.Auckland University of Technology. The School of Science. Auckland, New Zealand.Yamagata University. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Infectious Diseases. Yamagata, Japan / Osaka Metropolitan University. Graduate School of Veterinary Science / Osaka Metropolitan University. International Research Center for Infectious Diseases. Izumisano, Osaka, Japan.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Fort Collins, CO, USA.Murdoch University. School of Veterinary Medicine. Murdoch, WA, Australia.Kobe University. Graduate School of Agricultural Science. Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.Huazhong Agricultural University. State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology. Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China.International Rice Research Institute. College. Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin. Freie Universität Berlin. Corporate Member. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Berlin Institute of Health. Institute of Virology. Berlin, Germany.Slovak Academy of Sciences. Biomedical Research Center. Institute of Virology. Bratislava, Slovakia.Linköping University. Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences. Linköping, Sweden.Okayama University. Institute of Plant Science and Resources. Kurashiki, Japan.National Institutes of Health. National Library of Medicine. 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Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia.University of Wisconsin-Madison. Department of Pathobiological Sciences. Influenza Research Institute. Madison, USA.University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna. Institute of Virology. Vienna, Austria.Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences. College of Medicine. Dubai, United Arab Emirates.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Oklahoma State University. Institute for Biosecurity and Microbial Forensics. Stillwater. Oklahoma, USA.Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Department of Microbiology. New York, NY, USA.Universitat Politècnica de Valencia - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas. Valencia, Spain.Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Department of Microbiology, Medical School. National Reference Centre for Arboviruses and Haemorrhagic Fever viruses. Thessaloniki, Greece.Robert Koch Institute. Genome Competence Center. Berlin, Germany / Cornell University. College of Veterinary Medicine. Baker Institute for Animal Health. Ithaca, NY, USA.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service. Center for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases. Sandringham-Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.University of Georgia. College of Veterinary Medicine. Department of Population Health. Athens, GA, USA.Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences. Center for Translational Antiviral Research. Atlanta, GA, USA.International AIDS Vaccine Initiative. Vaccine Design and Development Laboratory. Brooklyn, NY, USA.Auckland University of Technology. The School of Science / The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited. 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Raleigh, NC, USA.Chinese Academy of Sciences. Wuhan Institute of Virology. Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety. Wuhan, PR China.Agricultural University of Athens. School of Agricultural Production, Infrastructure and Environment. Department of Crop Science. Plant Pathology Laboratory. Votanikos, Athens, Greece.Yokohama Plant Protection Station. Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.Zhejiang University. Institute of Insect Sciences. Hangzhou, PR China.Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Dep. de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO. Viçosa, MG, Brazil.Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Military Command Area. Xinjiang, PR China.Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops. Guangxi, PR China / Fudan University. School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute. Shanghai, PR China.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing, PR China.Pharmaq Analytiq. Bergen, Norway.Francis Crick Institute. Worldwide Influenza Centre. London, UK.Navarro, BeatrizIn April 2023, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by one new family, 14 new genera, and 140 new species. Two genera and 538 species were renamed. One species was moved, and four were abolished. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV