Modifications et stabilité du phosphore échangeable d'un ferralsol ingéré par un ver géophage

L'un des paramètres des cinétiques de dilution isotopique du phosphore est modifié par l'ingestion, du ferralsol étudié, par le ver géophage #Pontoscolex corethrurus (#Glossoscolecidae, #Oligochaeta$). La concentation d'ions phosphate de la solution du sol et le compartiment d'ions immédiatement échangeables associé au sol sont nettement augmentés. Divers mécanismes pouvant expliquer ces modifications sont discutés. La minéralisation du phosphore organique s'effectue au profit des formes les plus rapidement échangeables. (Résumé d'auteur

Further evidence of response by leukaemia patients in remission to antigen(s) related to acute myelogenous leukaemia.

Fifteen patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia were studied to determine if their remission blood leucocytes could be stimulated into taking up [3H] thymidine after in vitro culture with their own cryo-preserved irradiated AML leukaemia cells. In 6/15 patients it was possible to show autologous recognition and equal recognition of their stored leukaemia cells, even when they had previously been maintained in in vitro proliferative cultures in liquid suspension and undergoing myeloid maturation for one week. After in vitro proliferative culture, 4 populations of leukaemia cells produced material in the supernatant media between 3 and 7 days capable of inducing [3H] thymidine uptake in autologous (2 pts, 5 supernatants) and allogeneic (2 pts, 2 supernatants) AML remission lymphocytes, but not in normal donor lymphocytes. The relevance of these observations to tumour-associated AML antigen is discussed

Produção e avaliação da qualidade do leite na microrregião de Castanhal.

bitstream/item/63529/1/Oriental-Doc95.PD

Effects of a primary rehabilitation programme on arterial vascular adaptations in an individual with paraplegia

AbstractObjectiveEvaluation of the effects of 6 weeks of wheelchair endurance training on arterial stiffness in an individual with paraplegia.MethodsA 22-year-old male patient with complete (ASIA A) paraplegia (T11) was tested before and after training (30minutes three times per week). Physical performance and cardiorespiratory response were evaluated during a maximal progressive test. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure, stroke volume and arterial carotid–wrist and carotid–ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured at rest.ResultsMaximal responses registered (maximal tolerated power, V˙O2 peak) during the exercise test were increased after training. At rest, HR as PWV decreased, whereas cardiac output and blood pressure remained constant.ConclusionContinuous exposure of the subject to a repeated high intensity exercise bout for 6 weeks elevated fitness level. Such a regular practice might also constitute a major way to trigger vascular remodelling beyond to the trained body part

Tuneable Capacitor based on dual picks profile of the sacrificial layer

In this paper, we present a novel dual gap tuneable capacitor process based on the profile of the sacrificial layer. This profile involves a tri-layer photo-resist process with only one mask level. This realization is based on a special profile of the sacrificial layer designed by two picks. The mechanism of the sacrificial layer realisation is dependent on resist thickness, resist formulation (viscosity, type of polymer and/or solvent, additives...), design of the patterned layer (size or width) and the conditions under which this layer is prepared: thermal treatment, etch back processes... In this communication we demonstrate influence of the later parameters and discuss how a dual pick profile was achieved.Comment: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing

Assessing and mitigating impacts of motorboat noise on nesting damselfish

This is the final version. Available on open access from Elsevier via the DOI in this recordMotorboats are a pervasive, growing source of anthropogenic noise in marine environments, with known impacts on fish physiology and behaviour. However, empirical evidence for the disruption of parental care remains scarce and stems predominantly from playback studies. Additionally, there is a paucity of experimental studies examining noise-mitigation strategies. We conducted two field experiments to investigate the effects of noise from real motorboats on the parental-care behaviours of a common coral-reef fish, the Ambon damselfish Pomacentrus amboinensis, which exhibits male-only egg care. When exposed to motorboat noise, we found that males exhibited vigilance behaviour 34% more often and spent 17% more time remaining vigilant, compared to an ambient-sound control. We then investigated nest defence in the presence of an introduced conspecific male intruder, incorporating a third noise treatment of altered motorboat-driving practice that was designed to mitigate noise exposure via speed and distance limitations. The males spent 22% less time interacting with the intruder and 154% more time sheltering during normal motorboat exposure compared to the ambient-sound control, with nest-defence levels in the mitigation treatment equivalent to those in ambient conditions. Our results reveal detrimental impacts of real motorboat noise on some aspects of parental care in fish, and successfully demonstrate the positive effects of an affordable, easily implemented mitigation strategy. We strongly advocate the integration of mitigation strategies into future experiments in this field, and the application of evidence-based policy in our increasingly noisy world.Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)Australian Research Council (ARC)University of ExeterSwiss National Science Foundatio

Éradication de mammifères introduits en milieux insulaires : questions préalables et mise en application

During the last five centuries, along with the reduction of biogeographie barriers, a great number of alien species were introduced by men, intentionally or not, in nearly ali ecosystems throughout the world. Most of these introductions failed and a majority of the others didn't raise any problem. But some of them led to major economic losses and/or biological diversity reduction. The insular vegetal and animal communities are little diversified, often disharmonie, and characterized by an important rate of endemie species when compared with those of continental ecosystems. These communities are therefore particularly vulnerable to alien species. For these reasons and because of the small size of islands which allows experimental studies, most operations of eradication took place in this type of ecosystems si nee the 1960s, mammal species being the main target. This paper offers an approach to improve the decision and the technica1 implementation in view of the eradication of alien mammals on islands. These recommendations are founded on the experiences of brown rat eradication from ten Brittany Islands (1994-1996) and those of rabbit eradication from three islands of the Kerguelen Archipelago (1992-1999)Au cours de ces cinq derniers siècles, suite à la levée des barrières biogéographiques, un grand nombre d'espèces végétales et animales a été introduit par l'homme, volontairement ou non, dans la quasi totalité des écosystèmes du globe. La plupart de ces introductions ont été des échecs et la majorité des succès est réputée ne pas poser de problèmes. Cependant, certaines introductions réussies sont à 1'origine de pertes économiques importantes et de graves atteintes à la diversité biologique. Les écosystèmes insulaires, abritant des communautés animales et végétales peu diversifiées par rapport aux milieux continentaux, souvent disharmoniques et caractérisées par de forts taux d'endémisme, sont particulièrement vulnérables aux introductions d'espèces. Dès les années soixante, l'essentiel des éradications d'espèces introduites, en particulier de mammifères, a été réalisé dans les îles compte tenu de leur superficie souvent réduite, favorable à l'expérimentation, et de leur grand intérêt écologique. À partir de l'expérience acquise lors de l'élimination du Surmulot de dix îles des côtes bretonnes (1994-1996) et du Lapin de trois îles de l'Archipel de Kerguelen (1992-1999), cet article propose une démarche d'aide à la décision et à la réalisation technique d'éradications de Mammifères introduits en milieux insulaire

Designing a Data-Driven Survey System: Leveraging Participants’ Online Data to Personalize Surveys

User surveys are essential to user-centered research in many fields, including human-computer interaction (HCI). Survey personalization—specifically, adapting questionnaires to the respondents’ profiles and experiences—can improve reliability and quality of responses. However, popular survey platforms lack usable mechanisms for seamlessly importing participants’ data from other systems. This paper explores the design of a data-driven survey system to fill this gap. First, we conducted formative research, including a literature review and a survey of researchers ( = 52), to understand researchers’ practices, experiences, needs, and interests in a data-driven survey system. We designed and implemented a minimum viable product called Data-Driven Surveys (DDS), which enables including respondents’ data from online service accounts (Fitbit, Instagram, Spotify, GitHub, etc.) in survey questions, answers, and flow/logic. Our system is free, open source, and extensible. It can enhance the survey research experience for both researchers and respondents

Can microsatellite data allow identification of oleaster Plio-Pleistocene refuge zones in the Mediterranean Basin?

International audienc

Nonlinear Mixed-Effect Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Distribution of Doxycycline in Healthy Female Donkeys after Multiple Intragastric Dosing–Preliminary Investigation

Doxycycline (DXC) is a broad-spectrum antibacterial antimicrobial administered to horses for the treatment of bacterial infections which may also affect donkeys. Donkeys have a different metabolism than horses, leading to differences in the pharmacokinetics of drugs compared to horses. This study aimed to describe the population pharmacokinetics of DXC in donkeys. Five doses of DXC hyclate (10 mg/kg) were administered via a nasogastric tube, q12 h, to eight non-fasted, healthy, adult jennies. Serum, urine, synovial fluid and endometrium were collected for 72 h following the first administration. Doxycycline concentration was measured by competitive enzyme immunoassay. Serum concentrations versus time data were fitted simultaneously using the stochastic approximation expectation-maximization algorithm for nonlinear mixed effects. A one-compartment model with linear elimination and first-order absorption after intragastric administration, best described the available pharmacokinetic data. Final parameter estimates indicate that DXC has a high volume of distribution (108 L/kg) as well as high absorption (10.3 h-1) in donkeys. However, results suggest that oral DXC at 10 mg/kg q12 h in donkeys would not result in a therapeutic concentration in serum, urine, synovial fluid or endometrium by comparison to the minimum inhibitory concentration of common equine pathogens. Further studies are recommended to identify appropriate dosage and dosing intervals of oral DXC in donkeys