25,259 research outputs found
Decays of the Meson to a -Wave Charmonium State or
The semileptonic decays,
, and the two-body
nonleptonic decays, , (here and
denote and respectively, and
indicates a meson) were computed. All of the form factors appearing in the
relevant weak-current matrix elements with as its initial state and a
-wave charmonium state as its final state for the decays were precisely
formulated in terms of two independent overlapping-integrations of the
wave-functions of and the -wave charmonium and with proper kinematics
factors being `accompanied'. We found that the decays are quite sizable, so
they may be accessible in Run-II at Tevatron and in the foreseen future at LHC,
particularly, when BTeV and LHCB, the special detectors for B-physics, are
borne in mind. In addition, we also pointed out that the decays may potentially be used as a fresh window to look for the
charmonium state, and the cascade decays,
() with one of the radiative decays
being followed accordingly, may affect
the observations of meson through the decays () substantially.Comment: 24 pages, 3 figures, the replacement for improving the presentation
and adding reference
A Green's function decoupling scheme for the Edwards fermion-boson model
Holes in a Mott insulator are represented by spinless fermions in the
fermion-boson model introduced by Edwards. Although the physically interesting
regime is for low to moderate fermion density the model has interesting
properties over the whole density range. It has previously been studied at
half-filling in the one-dimensional (1D) case by numerical methods, in
particular exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group
(DMRG). In the present study the one-particle Green's function is calculated
analytically by means of a decoupling scheme for the equations of motion, valid
for arbitrary density in 1D, 2D and 3D with fairly large boson energy and zero
boson relaxation parameter. The Green's function is used to compute some ground
state properties, and the one-fermion spectral function, for fermion densities
n=0.1, 0.5 and 0.9 in the 1D case. The results are generally in good agreement
with numerical results obtained by DMRG and dynamical DMRG and new light is
shed on the nature of the ground state at different fillings. The Green's
function approximation is sufficiently successful in 1D to justify future
application to the 2D and 3D cases.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures, final version with updated reference
StochKit-FF: Efficient Systems Biology on Multicore Architectures
The stochastic modelling of biological systems is an informative, and in some
cases, very adequate technique, which may however result in being more
expensive than other modelling approaches, such as differential equations. We
present StochKit-FF, a parallel version of StochKit, a reference toolkit for
stochastic simulations. StochKit-FF is based on the FastFlow programming
toolkit for multicores and exploits the novel concept of selective memory. We
experiment StochKit-FF on a model of HIV infection dynamics, with the aim of
extracting information from efficiently run experiments, here in terms of
average and variance and, on a longer term, of more structured data.Comment: 14 pages + cover pag
Olfaction Contributes to Pelagic Navigation in a Coastal Shark.
How animals navigate the constantly moving and visually uniform pelagic realm, often along straight paths between distant sites, is an enduring mystery. The mechanisms enabling pelagic navigation in cartilaginous fishes are particularly understudied. We used shoreward navigation by leopard sharks (Triakis semifasciata) as a model system to test whether olfaction contributes to pelagic navigation. Leopard sharks were captured alongshore, transported 9 km offshore, released, and acoustically tracked for approximately 4 h each until the transmitter released. Eleven sharks were rendered anosmic (nares occluded with cotton wool soaked in petroleum jelly); fifteen were sham controls. Mean swimming depth was 28.7 m. On average, tracks of control sharks ended 62.6% closer to shore, following relatively straight paths that were significantly directed over spatial scales exceeding 1600 m. In contrast, tracks of anosmic sharks ended 37.2% closer to shore, following significantly more tortuous paths that approximated correlated random walks. These results held after swimming paths were adjusted for current drift. This is the first study to demonstrate experimentally that olfaction contributes to pelagic navigation in sharks, likely mediated by chemical gradients as has been hypothesized for birds. Given the similarities between the fluid three-dimensional chemical atmosphere and ocean, further research comparing swimming and flying animals may lead to a unifying paradigm explaining their extraordinary navigational abilities
The meson annihilation to leptons and inclusive light hadrons
The annihilation of the meson to leptons and inclusive light hadrons is
analyzed in the framework of nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization. We find
that the decay mode, which escapes from the helicity suppression, contributes a
sizable fraction width. According to the analysis, the branching ratio due to
the contribution from the color-singlet component of the meson can be of
order (10^{-2}). We also estimate the contributions from the color-octet
components. With the velocity scaling rule of NRQCD, we find that the
color-octet contributions are sizable too, especially, in certain phase space
of the annihilation they are greater than (or comparative to) the color-singlet
component. A few observables relevant to the spectrum of charged lepton are
suggested, that may be used as measurements on the color-octet and
color-singlet components in the future experiments. A typical long
distance contribution in the annihilation is estimated too.Comment: 26 pages, 5 figures (6 eps-files), submitted to Phys. Rev.
b --> s g g decay in the two and three Higgs doublet models with CP violating effects
We study the decay width and CP-asymmetry of the inclusive process b--> s g g
(g denotes gluon) in the three and two Higgs doublet models with complex Yukawa
couplings. We analyse the dependencies of the differential decay width and
CP-asymmetry to the s- quark energy E_s and CP violating parameter \theta. We
observe that there exist a considerable enhancement in the decay width and CP
asymmetry is at the order of 10^{-2}. Further, it is possible to predict the
sign of C_7^{eff} using the CP asymmetry.Comment: 15 pages, 7 Figures (required epsf style
Exact 1-D Model for Coherent Synchrotron Radiation with Shielding and Bunch Compression
Coherent Synchrotron Radiation has been studied effectively using a
1-dimensional model for the charge distribution in the realm of small angle
approximations and high energies. Here we use Jefimenko's form of Maxwell's
equations, without such approximations, to calculate the exact wake-fields due
to this effect in multiple bends and drifts. It has been shown before that the
influence of a drift can propagate well into a subsequent bend. We show, for
reasonable parameters, that the influence of a previous bend can also propagate
well into a subsequent bend, and that this is especially important at the
beginning of a bend. Shielding by conducting parallel plates is simulated using
the image charge method. We extend the formalism to situations with compressing
and decompressing distributions, and conclude that simpler approximations to
bunch compression usually overestimates the effect. Additionally, an exact
formula for the coherent power radiated by a Gaussian bunch is derived by
considering the coherent synchrotron radiation spectrum, and is used to check
the accuracy of wake-field calculations
Weak-Light Ultraslow Vector Optical Solitons via Electromagnetically Induced Transparency
We propose a scheme to generate temporal vector optical solitons in a
lifetime broadened five-state atomic medium via electromagnetically induced
transparency. We show that this scheme, which is fundamentally different from
the passive one by using optical fibers, is capable of achieving
distortion-free vector optical solitons with ultraslow propagating velocity
under very weak drive conditions. We demonstrate both analytically and
numerically that it is easy to realize Manakov temporal vector solitons by
actively manipulating the dispersion and self- and cross-phase modulation
effects of the system.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
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