Anti-MOG antibodies are present in a subgroup of patients with a neuromyelitis optica phenotype

Background: Antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) have been identified in a subgroup of pediatric patients with inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and in some patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). The aim of this study was to examine the frequency, clinical features, and long-term disease course of patients with anti-MOG antibodies in a European cohort of NMO/NMOSD. Findings: Sera from 48 patients with NMO/NMOSD and 48 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) were tested for anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and anti-MOG antibodies with a cell-based assay. Anti-MOG antibodies were found in 4/17 patients with AQP4-seronegative NMO/NMOSD, but in none of the AQP4-seropositive NMO/NMOSD (n = 31) or RR-MS patients (n = 48). MOG-seropositive patients tended towards younger disease onset with a higher percentage of patients with pediatric (<18 years) disease onset (MOG+, AQP4+, MOG-/AQP4-: 2/4, 3/31, 0/13). MOG-seropositive patients presented more often with positive oligoclonal bands (OCBs) (3/3, 5/29, 1/13) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions during disease course (2/4, 5/31, 1/13). Notably, the mean time to the second attack affecting a different CNS region was longer in the anti-MOG antibody-positive group (11.3, 3.2, 3.4 years). Conclusions: MOG-seropositive patients show a diverse clinical phenotype with clinical features resembling both NMO (attacks mainly confined to the spinal cord and optic nerves) and MS with an opticospinal presentation (positive OCBs, brain lesions). Anti-MOG antibodies can serve as a diagnostic and maybe prognostic tool in patients with an AQP4-seronegative NMO phenotype and should be tested in those patients

Phenotype Presentation and Molecular Diagnostic Yield in Non-5q Spinal Muscular Atrophy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is mainly caused by homozygous SMN1 gene deletions on 5q13. Non-5q SMA patients' series are lacking, and the diagnostic yield of next-generation sequencing (NGS) is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and genetic landscape of non-5q SMA and evaluate the performance of neuropathy gene panels in these disorders. METHODS: Description of patients with non-5q SMA followed in the different neuromuscular reference centers in France as well as in London, United Kingdom. Patients without a genetic diagnosis had undergone at least a neuropathy or large neuromuscular gene panel. RESULTS: Seventy-one patients from 65 different families were included, mostly sporadic cases (60.6%). At presentation, 21 patients (29.6%) showed exclusive proximal weakness (P-SMA), 35 (49.3%) showed associated distal weakness (PD-SMA), and 15 (21.1%) a scapuloperoneal phenotype (SP-SMA). Thirty-two patients (45.1%) had a genetic diagnosis: BICD2 (n = 9), DYNC1H1 (n = 7), TRPV4 (n = 4), VCP, HSBP1, AR (n = 2), VRK1, DNAJB2, MORC2, ASAH1, HEXB, and unexpectedly, COL6A3 (n = 1). The genetic diagnostic yield was lowest in P-SMA (6/21, 28.6%) compared with PD-SMA (16/35, 45.7%) and SP-SMA (10/15, 66.7%). An earlier disease onset and a family history of the disease or consanguinity were independent predictors of a positive genetic diagnosis. Neuropathy gene panels were performed in 59 patients with a 32.2% diagnostic yield (19/59). In 13 additional patients, a genetic diagnosis was achieved through individual gene sequencing or an alternative neuromuscular NGS. DISCUSSION: Non-5q SMA is genetically heterogeneous, and neuropathy gene panels achieve a molecular diagnosis in one-third of the patients. The diagnostic yield can be increased by sequencing of other neuromuscular and neurometabolic genes. Nevertheless, there is an unmet need to cluster these patients to aid in the identification of new genes

Characterization of the immune response in neuromyelitis optica

La neuromyélite optique (NMO) est une maladie inflammatoire du système nerveux central récemment mieux comprise par la découverte d’un anticorps sérique spécifique dirigé contre l’aquaporine 4 (anticorps anti-AQP4). L’objectif de cette thèse a été de développer une recherche translationnelle pour améliorer la connaissance de la réponse immunitaire dans la NMO. Nous avons d’abord développé et étudié un modèle animal de NMO en laboratoire afin de mieux comprendre la physiopathologie d’une inflammation optico-médullaire. Nous avons aussi amélioré la connaissance de la NMO humaine. Nous avons montré que la réactivité anti-AQP4 n’était pas corrélée à l’activité de la maladie et retrouvé une réactivité contre d’autres protéines que l’AQP4. Nous avons aussi mis en évidence des anomalies métaboliques sériques (scyllo-inositol et acétate), et une diminution du volume de la substance blanche cérébrale, ce qui ouvre la voie à de nouvelles recherches pour confirmer et exploiter ces résultats.Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system in which a specific antibody targeting aquaporin 4 (anti-AQP4) was recently found. The aim of this thesis is to develop a translational research in order to improve our knowledge of the immune response in NMO. We have therefore studied a animal model mimicking NMO and allowing a better comprehension of optico-spinal inflammation. In the human subjects suffering from NMO, we have also found that anti-AQP4 reactivity was not correlated to the disease activity and that reactivities against other proteins may exist. We have discovered changes in the serum concentrations of some metabolites (scyllo-inositol and acetate) and a decrease in the volume of brain white matter. These findings have to be confirmed by other studies and may improve our comprehension of NMO

Characterization of the immune response in neuromyelitis optica

La neuromyélite optique (NMO) est une maladie inflammatoire du système nerveux central récemment mieux comprise par la découverte d’un anticorps sérique spécifique dirigé contre l’aquaporine 4 (anticorps anti-AQP4). L’objectif de cette thèse a été de développer une recherche translationnelle pour améliorer la connaissance de la réponse immunitaire dans la NMO. Nous avons d’abord développé et étudié un modèle animal de NMO en laboratoire afin de mieux comprendre la physiopathologie d’une inflammation optico-médullaire. Nous avons aussi amélioré la connaissance de la NMO humaine. Nous avons montré que la réactivité anti-AQP4 n’était pas corrélée à l’activité de la maladie et retrouvé une réactivité contre d’autres protéines que l’AQP4. Nous avons aussi mis en évidence des anomalies métaboliques sériques (scyllo-inositol et acétate), et une diminution du volume de la substance blanche cérébrale, ce qui ouvre la voie à de nouvelles recherches pour confirmer et exploiter ces résultats.Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system in which a specific antibody targeting aquaporin 4 (anti-AQP4) was recently found. The aim of this thesis is to develop a translational research in order to improve our knowledge of the immune response in NMO. We have therefore studied a animal model mimicking NMO and allowing a better comprehension of optico-spinal inflammation. In the human subjects suffering from NMO, we have also found that anti-AQP4 reactivity was not correlated to the disease activity and that reactivities against other proteins may exist. We have discovered changes in the serum concentrations of some metabolites (scyllo-inositol and acetate) and a decrease in the volume of brain white matter. These findings have to be confirmed by other studies and may improve our comprehension of NMO

Caractérisation de la réponse immune dans la neuromyelite optique

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system in which a specific antibody targeting aquaporin 4 (anti-AQP4) was recently found. The aim of this thesis is to develop a translational research in order to improve our knowledge of the immune response in NMO. We have therefore studied a animal model mimicking NMO and allowing a better comprehension of optico-spinal inflammation. In the human subjects suffering from NMO, we have also found that anti-AQP4 reactivity was not correlated to the disease activity and that reactivities against other proteins may exist. We have discovered changes in the serum concentrations of some metabolites (scyllo-inositol and acetate) and a decrease in the volume of brain white matter. These findings have to be confirmed by other studies and may improve our comprehension of NMO.La neuromyélite optique (NMO) est une maladie inflammatoire du système nerveux central récemment mieux comprise par la découverte d’un anticorps sérique spécifique dirigé contre l’aquaporine 4 (anticorps anti-AQP4). L’objectif de cette thèse a été de développer une recherche translationnelle pour améliorer la connaissance de la réponse immunitaire dans la NMO. Nous avons d’abord développé et étudié un modèle animal de NMO en laboratoire afin de mieux comprendre la physiopathologie d’une inflammation optico-médullaire. Nous avons aussi amélioré la connaissance de la NMO humaine. Nous avons montré que la réactivité anti-AQP4 n’était pas corrélée à l’activité de la maladie et retrouvé une réactivité contre d’autres protéines que l’AQP4. Nous avons aussi mis en évidence des anomalies métaboliques sériques (scyllo-inositol et acétate), et une diminution du volume de la substance blanche cérébrale, ce qui ouvre la voie à de nouvelles recherches pour confirmer et exploiter ces résultats

Etude prospective du système nerveux central chez les patients atteints de mutations du gène PMP22

STRASBOURG-Medecine (674822101) / SudocSudocFranceF

213. 1876. Rapports sur les écoles

Leconte Théodore Auguste François, Baudouin Jean Magloire, Carré Jean Baptiste Irénée, Chanson . 213. 1876. Rapports sur les écoles. In: L'enseignement du Français à l'école primaire – Textes officiels. Tome 1 : 1791-1879. Paris : Institut national de recherche pédagogique, 1992. pp. 306-307. (Bibliothèque de l'Histoire de l'Education, 5

Emotional experience is increased and emotion recognition decreased in multiple sclerosis

Emotional disorders in multiple sclerosis (MS) are frequently described as difficulties in recognizing facial expressions, rarely in the experience dimension. Moreover, interaction between emotional disorders and cognitive or psychological disorders remains little documented. The aim of this study is to explore emotions in MS in emotion recognition and emotional experience and compare these data with cognitive, psychological, and disease aspects. Twenty-five women with MS (MS group) and 27 healthy controls (control group) matched for age, sex, and education were assessed for emotion recognition (Florida Affect Battery) and emotional experience (International Affective Picture System Photographs). Participants were also assessed for cognitive and psychological aspects. Compared to the control group, the MS group had more difficulty in recognizing emotions, and their subjective evaluations when presented IAPS pictures were more scattered, globally increased. Emotional dimensions were each correlated with executive functions but neither correlated with alexithymia, depression, anxiety, or MS characteristics. In conclusion, MS patients present difficulties in identifying emotion and their emotional experience appears to be increased. These disorders are correlated with cognition but remain independent of psychological or disease aspects. Considering the implications that emotional disorders may have, it seems essential to take these aspects into account in clinical practice