Interaction of Shear and Bending on Light Gage Steel Diaphragms

In the modern practice of design of structures a variety of problems confront the structural engineer. Whether he is involved in the area of aircraft structures (i.e. stressed skin structures) or complex immovable structures, the problems are seldom simple. In the design of stressed skin structures the complexity and the refinements of analysis methods, combined with the economics of weight saving, do create many problems to be solved. Interaction of multiple force systems are among the problems of the engineer. Many types of interaction occur in practical structures. Some interaction behavior is predictable though routine stress analysis such as the computation of maximum stresses in a short block subjected to bending and axial force. Other interaction has been expressed through a combination of theory and substantial testing such as the column design formulas found in many standard specifications. Some cases of combined loading involve such complex structural behavior that an exact analytical approach even if available would be of doubtful value. Theoretical approaches must of necessity contain many fundamental assumptions which are difficult to either justify or verify because of the problem complexity. It is also noted that, in recent years, the use of light gage steel has been increasing in construction. Civil engineers are beginning to recognize that many portions of a structural framework can participate as a unit in resisting all of the forces as well as local forces applied to single members. The complexity of loading problems and lack of enough test-proved literature, prevent the designers from using many elements under combined load applications. There is a need for research in many areas of combined loading. Theoretical or empirical formulae should be available to the design engineer for use without requiring highly complex theoretical calculations. This thesis concerns the investigation and testing of a series of panel specimens for the condition of combined shear and bending loads. These panels represent small scale versions of panels used as either the web of a beam or the roof of the building. As a web in a beam, these panels must carry in-plane shearing forces much like the web of a plate grinder. Roof loads provide transverse forces which require the panel to carry as a beam the bending type loads between the edge members. Using the results of the test data, it has been possible to verify that the interaction formula applicable to this type of structure is a circular one

Continuous interfacial polycondensation of nylon 6-6

Nylon 6-6 has been prepared by continuous interfacial polycondensation from hexamethylene diamine and adipyl chloride in a stirred system. The effect of monomer concentration and stirring on the intrinsic viscosity of polyamide 6-6 solution in formic acid (90%) was determined. As stirring rate and monomer ratio increased, the intrinsic viscosity and polymer yield went through a maximum. Diffusion coefficient (DAB) for hexamethylene diamine was calculated and from that JD and mass transfer coefficient /DAB were calculated. A relation between Reynolds number and JD factor was established by correlation curve

Analyzing the study to evaluate the efficiency of the specific plyometric training programme for increasing accelerations power in high jump and long jump players.

INTRODUCTION : Players have explored a multitude of methods designed to enable them to jump higher, to achieve such goals, power is essential. Speed is considered as players best friend, the common question raised by almost all players and coaches is can speed and power be increased? Studies have shown that speed and power can be increased by 10% in most players. To achieve such goals through one of the most successful power training method called plyometric exercises. Long Jump, Sprinting is the products of three factors namely stride frequency, stride length, and anaerobic endurance. High jump, volley ball is a game of vertical jumping and lateral movements. It is important that the players work to improve their abilities in these areas to increase their performance by plyometric exercises jumping can be broken down in to three phases: preparatory, Propulsive and Flight Phase. There are several variables that need to be trained in Improving both high jump a long jump players. Some of the very important components are strength, power, flexibility, co-ordination etc. AIM : To evaluate the efficiency of the specific plyometric training programme for increasing acceleration power in high jump and long jump players. OBJECTIVES : 1. To evaluate the efficiency of low impact jumps in increasing accelerations power in high jump and long jump players. 2. To evaluate the efficiency of low reactive jumps in increasing accelerations power in high jump and long jump players. 3. To evaluate the efficiency of bounding exercise in increasing accelerations power in high jump and long jump players. BACKGROUND : Many athletes and coaches have reported that the specific plyometric training on high jump shows more power and strength output then in long jump players. This study focuses on the effectiveness in the high jump players, METHODS & MEASURES : Total 40 subjects were selected for this entire study and they were randomly allotted into the experimental group and control group consisting 20 subjects in each group. Parameters were measured initially and the end of 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th week of the plyometric program schedule. RESULTS : In this study, the results showed a significant increase in jumping performance in the experimental group. This improvement is due to the elastic energy storage and release, as appears the results from the changes in the level of neuromuscular activation and motor coordination, in response to plyometric training. CONCLUSION : From this study it is concluded that any training program will be successful only if sufficient time is allowed for adaptation to occur. The gain in power was noted by the increase on jumping performance of sergeant jump and standing broad jump

Relationship Between Nursing Staffing Hours (RNs & LPNs) and COVID-19 Mortality in Indiana Nursing Homes

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many nursing homes struggled to meet the needed staffing levels, compromising service delivery in health institutions across the United States. The disproportionate effect of COVID-19 on various health care institutions and staff-patient ratios rejuvenated discussions on the longstanding workforce challenges on quality care and outcomes. The purpose of this quantitative study was to evaluate the relationship between registered nurse (RN) staffing hours and COVID-19 deaths in Indiana private and public nursing home residents based on the data obtained in the Care Compare database and Indiana Department of health COVID-19 portals. The independent study variables were RN and licensed practical nurse (LPN) staffing hours in the Indiana nursing home, and the dependent variable was COVID-19 deaths in Indiana nursing homes. Guided by the Donabedian theory, a descriptive and cross-tabulation analysis determined that RN staffing hours per patient per day significantly affected the COVID-19 mortality rate (p = 0.0387), implying that any change in RN staffing hours per patient per day resulted in a change in COVID-19 mortality. However, LPN staffing hours per patient per day had no statistically significant effect on COVID-19 mortality (p = 0.0773). Findings from this study contribute to positive social change by enabling health care administrators to make effective decision-making regarding human resources management, disaster management, and facility management disciplines to enact efficient and effective hiring practices during medical emergencies

Short-term functional results of surgical management of fractures of olecranon process of ulna by locking hook plate

Background: The aim was to study functional results of fixation of fractures of olecranon process of ulna by locking hook plate.Methods: The study was conducted on 30 patients who underwent fixation of olecranon fracture by locking hook plate in department of orthopaedics, GMCH Aurangabad from September 2018 to September 2020. Patients were assessed functionally using Mayo elbow performance score and radiologically using serial follow up radiographs of elbow.Results: At 2 year follow up of 30 patients of all types of olecranon fracture treated by locking hook plate, no patient had evidence of non-union or loss of reduction or any other major complications. In our study 21 patients (70%) showed excellent results, 6 patients (20%) showed good results and 3 patients (10%) showed fair results. None of the patients in our study showed poor results. 3 patients (10%) had superficial infection which were treated by adequate antibiotics after doing culture and sensitivity testing and 4 patients (13.33%) had symptomatic metal prominence which underwent implant removal after union of fracture.Conclusions: Fixation of all types of fractures of olecranon by locking hook plate is good alternative to other methods of fixation like tension band wiring, intramedullary fixation using screw tension band wiring which are used only in selected cases. In our study we conclude that locking hook plate is excellent modality of treatment for all types of fractures of olecranon, it gives excellent functional and radiological outcome with minimal complication and stable fixation of all types of fractures including transverse as well as comminuted fractures

Primary pleuropulmonary synovial sarcoma with brain metastases in a paediatric patient: an unusual presentation

  Primary lung neoplasms are rare in children. The most common primary lung malignancies in children are pleuropulmonary blastoma and carcinoid tumour. Synovial sarcoma (SS) accounts for approximately 1% of all childhood malignancies. In absolute terms, the SS of the lungs and pleura are extremely rare and pose a diagnostic difficulty. Soft tissue sarcomas usually have a high potential for metastases, however, metastasis to the brain is rare, even in widely disseminated disease, and it has been described only in 3 case reports previously. Primary pleuropulmonary SS with brain metastases is even rarer. Here we present a case of an 11-year-old boy who presented with respiratory complaints, viz. fever and cough for 20 days. Initial impression was lung abscess, however, on histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular study, the disorder was diagnosed as synovial sarcoma. After a week from the first consult, the child developed neurological symptoms, viz., an episode of convulsion and gradually worsening power of the lower limb. Computed tomography scan and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy was suggestive of brain metastases. Given the rarity of primary lung neoplasms in children, clinical detection remains a challenge. Delayed diagnoses are common as respiratory symptoms may be attributed to inflammatory or infective processes. Primary pleuropulmonary synovial sarcoma is a rare tumour and it is not known to commonly metastasise to the brain. Though rare, primary pleuropulmonary SS should be considered an important differential among peadiatric primary lung neoplasms due to its potential for curability if detected early, and more aggressive metastatic pattern, e.g. brain metastases making early detection imperative.

Optimization and Hepatoprotective Activity of Herbal Formulation of Methanolic Extracts of Ruta Graveolens and Angelica Sinensis

The goal of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of RAAS, a specially created herbal mixture that contains methanol extracts of Ruta graveolens and Angelica sinensis. A range of in vitro tests were performed as part of the study to assess any potential health advantages of RAAS. The laboratory assays employed to assess the antioxidant capacity of RAAS included the total antioxidant activity assay, the reducing power assay, and the DPPH radical scavenging assay. These evaluations showed that RAAS has strong antioxidant characteristics, demonstrating its capacity to counteract oxidative stress and disarm dangerous free radicals. Additionally, the study examined the hepatoprotective effects of RAAS utilizing a cellular model that included HepG2 cells and carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury (CCl4). According to the findings, RAAS significantly protected HepG2 cells from the negative effects of CCl4-induced liver damage. In conclusion, this study highlights the prospective antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of RAAS, an herbal formula made from methanol extracts of Ruta graveolens and Angelica sinensis. Strong in vitro antioxidant activity and the capacity to prevent CCl4-induced damage to liver cells show the potential therapeutic utility of RAAS in reducing oxidative stress and liver-related diseases. Deeper understanding of its uses in boosting liver health and general wellbeing may come from additional studies in the clinical setting and other fields of stud

HT-FED2004-56528 DEVELOPMENT AND EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF AN EXERGY-BASED COMPUTATIONAL TOOL FOR DATA CENTER THERMAL MANAGEMENT

ABSTRACT The recent miniaturization of electronic devices and compaction of computer systems will soon lead to data centers with power densities of the order of 300 W/ft 2 . At these levels, traditional thermal management techniques are unlikely to suffice. To enable the dynamic smart cooling systems necessary for future data centers, an exergetic approach based on the second law of thermodynamics has recently been proposed. However, no experimental data related to this concept is currently available. This paper discusses the development and subsequent validation of an exergy-based computer model at an instrumented data center in Palo Alto, California. The study finds that when appropriately calibrated, such a computational tool can successfully predict information about local and global thermal performance that cannot be perceived intuitively from traditional design methods. Further development of the concept has promising potential for efficient data center thermal management

Pierwotny maziówczak opłucnej i płuca z przerzutami do mózgu u dziecka: nietypowe objawy

Pierwotny nowotwór płuc rzadko występuje u dzieci. Najczęściej spotykane pierwotne złośliwe nowotwory płuc u dzieci to blastoma opłucnej i płuc oraz rakowiak. Maziówczak stanowi około 1% wszystkich nowotworów złośliwych występujących u dzieci. Maziówczak opłucnej i płuca jest zjawiskiem rzadkim i trudnym do rozpoznania. Mięsaki tkanek miękkich zazwyczaj posiadają dużą skłonność do przerzutów, jednak przerzuty do mózgu występują sporadycznie, nawet w zaawansowanych postaciach rozsianej choroby. Taki przebieg choroby został przedstawiony zaledwie w 3 opisach przypadków. Pierwotny maziówczak opłucnej i płuc z przerzutami do mózgu jest jeszcze rzadziej spotykany. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono przypadek 11-letniego chłopca, u którego pojawiły się gorączka i trwający od 20 dni kaszel. Początkowo sądzono, że przyczyną jest ropień płuc, lecz po wykonaniu badań histopatologicznego, immunohistochemicznego i molekularnego rozpoznano maziówczaka. Po upływie tygodnia od pierwszej wizyty u dziecka pojawiły się objawy neurologiczne, tj. drgawki i stopniowo postępujące osłabienie siły kończyny dolnej. Wyniki tomografii komputerowej i rezonansu magnetycznego wskazywały na istnienie przerzutów do mózgu. Biorąc pod uwagę rzadkość występowania nowotworów płuc u dzieci, rozpoznanie kliniczne choroby pozostaje prawdziwym wyzwaniem. Często zdarza się, że rozpoznanie jest opóźnione, ponieważ objawy ze strony układu oddechowego mogą być przypisywane stanom zapalnym lub chorobom zakaźnym. Pierwotny maziówczak płuc i opłucnej występuje rzadko i sporadycznie wywołuje przerzuty do mózgu. Powinien być jednak brany pod uwagę przy rozpoznaniu różnicowym pierwotnych nowotworów płuc u dzieci, ponieważ przy wczesnym rozpoznaniu może być uleczalny, zaś w przypadku agresywnego przebiegu z przerzutami na przykład do mózgu, wczesne rozpoznanie jest szczególnie ważne.Pierwotny nowotwór płuc rzadko występuje u dzieci. Najczęściej spotykane pierwotne złośliwe nowotwory płuc u dzieci to blastoma opłucnej i płuc oraz rakowiak. Maziówczak stanowi około 1% wszystkich nowotworów złośliwych występujących u dzieci. Maziówczak opłucnej i płuca jest zjawiskiem rzadkim i trudnym do rozpoznania. Mięsaki tkanek miękkich zazwyczaj posiadają dużą skłonność do przerzutów, jednak przerzuty do mózgu występują sporadycznie, nawet w zaawansowanych postaciach rozsianej choroby. Taki przebieg choroby został przedstawiony zaledwie w 3 opisach przypadków. Pierwotny maziówczak opłucnej i płuc z przerzutami do mózgu jest jeszcze rzadziej spotykany. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono przypadek 11-letniego chłopca, u którego pojawiły się gorączka i trwający od 20 dni kaszel. Początkowo sądzono, że przyczyną jest ropień płuc, lecz po wykonaniu badań histopatologicznego, immunohistochemicznego i molekularnego rozpoznano maziówczaka. Po upływie tygodnia od pierwszej wizyty u dziecka pojawiły się objawy neurologiczne, tj. drgawki i stopniowo postępujące osłabienie siły kończyny dolnej. Wyniki tomografii komputerowej i rezonansu magnetycznego wskazywały na istnienie przerzutów do mózgu. Biorąc pod uwagę rzadkość występowania nowotworów płuc u dzieci, rozpoznanie kliniczne choroby pozostaje prawdziwym wyzwaniem. Często zdarza się, że rozpoznanie jest opóźnione, ponieważ objawy ze strony układu oddechowego mogą być przypisywane stanom zapalnym lub chorobom zakaźnym. Pierwotny maziówczak płuc i opłucnej występuje rzadko i sporadycznie wywołuje przerzuty do mózgu. Powinien być jednak brany pod uwagę przy rozpoznaniu różnicowym pierwotnych nowotworów płuc u dzieci, ponieważ przy wczesnym rozpoznaniu może być uleczalny, zaś w przypadku agresywnego przebiegu z przerzutami na przykład do mózgu, wczesne rozpoznanie jest szczególnie ważne

Study of usefulness of speckle-tracking echocardiography in detecting left ventricular dysfunction among adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

Objective: Cancer treatment-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) is a significant concern for patients undergoing chemotherapy. The aim of the present study was to study the accuracy and value of longitudinal strain in prediction of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) in cancer patients undergoing cancer therapy. Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted among 183 adult patients undergoing chemotherapy between 2018 and 2020. Patients with congenital or acquired valvular disease, prior myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, or cardiac surgery were excluded. The patients were evaluated using a detailed history, clinical examination and echocardiography at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after chemotherapy. Speckle-tracking strain analysis was used to evaluate left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS), circumferential strain (GCS), and radial strain (GRS). LVD was defined as >15% decrease in GLS, GCS, or GRS from baseline to 6 months. Accuracy of longitudinal strain in prediction of LVD was studied using ROC analysis. Results: Of the 183 patients, 59% were male, and 54.1% were between 46-60 years of age. Breast cancer was the most common malignancy (10.9%). The most common chemotherapy regimen was doxorubicin + paclitaxel (9.9%). At baseline, the mean GLS, GCS, and GRS were -18.6 (1.03)%, -20.4 (1.11)%, and 39.9 (6.09)%, respectively. At the 6-month follow-up, 27 (14.8%) patients had LVD. The incidence of LVD was higher (51.48%) in patients who received doxorubicin-containing regimens compared to non-doxorubicin-containing regimens (P <0.0001). GLS has good accuracy in prediction of LVD at 6 months of follow-up (88.37%). Conclusions: The incidence of LV dysfunction was higher (51.48%) in patients who received doxorubicin-containing regimens. GLS is different in LVD vs non LVD and the accuracy of GLS is more in prediction of LVD development during 6-month follow-up (88.37%)