Heavy metal accumulation potential and medicinal property of Bacopa monnieri - a paradox

Bioaccumulation of Mercury and Cadmium in Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell, cultivated in Hoagland medium artificially contaminated with micro quantities of HgCl2 and CdCl2 is investigated. Bioaccumulation potential of B. monnieri is more towards Cd than Hg. Absorption and translocation of Hg and Cd are proportional to the availability of the metal in the growth media and period of growth. Effect of acidic pH showed enhanced accumulation while basic pH resulted in significant reduction in the accumulation of Hg and exorbitant reduction of Cd. As a result of combined treatment of HgCl2 and CdCl2, accumulation was very low in both acidic and basic pH. In addition to pH, antagonistic effect of Ca2+ present in lime water which was added to raise the pH of the growth medium also controls the accumulation and absorption of Hg and Cd ions. Bioaccumulation of Hg and Cd in B. monnieri reveals the phytoremediation potential while the bioaccumulation is hazards to health since the plant is highly medicinal and one important ingredient of many Ayurvedic preparations

Metabolic effects of Olanzapine versus Iloperidone: A 24 weeks randomized, prospective, interventional study

Atypical antipsychotics have become the mainstay of therapy for psychosis. Though extrapyramidal side effects have been reduced with atypical antipsychotics, yet there are increased concerns over metabolic effects. The present study is aimed to comparatively evaluate the metabolic profile of olanzapine and iloperidone in cases of psychosis. A prospective, randomized, open label, observational study of 6 months duration was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology and Department of Psychiatry, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly. A total of 62 patients of both sexes newly diagnosed with psychosis (ICD-10, F20- F29) were included in the study, 31 each in olanzapine and iloperidone groups. Demographic parameters were recorded, following which the patient’s body weight, BMI, fasting blood sugar and lipid profile were estimated at baseline. Follow-up of the patients was done periodically after one month, three months and six months. Olanzapine treated patients showed markedly significant rise in body weight up to 7 kg at the endpoint (p<0.0001) at each follow-up, with a significant increase in BMI. Rise in fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels werealso statistically significant. At the same time, significant decrease in HDL levels was also observed. Iloperidone treated patients showed statistically significant less rise in body weight (upto 1kg, p<0.05) and BMI. No significant changes in fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL levels were noted, while TG levels were significantly reduced. Iloperidone caused numerically less rise in bodyweight and BMI, and fewer metabolic adverse effects as compared to olanzapine, and hence should be preferred.Keywords: Atypical antipsychotics; Weight gain; Blood sugar level; Dyslipidemi

Linear Parsing Expression Grammars

PEGs were formalized by Ford in 2004, and have several pragmatic operators (such as ordered choice and unlimited lookahead) for better expressing modern programming language syntax. Since these operators are not explicitly defined in the classic formal language theory, it is significant and still challenging to argue PEGs' expressiveness in the context of formal language theory.Since PEGs are relatively new, there are several unsolved problems.One of the problems is revealing a subclass of PEGs that is equivalent to DFAs. This allows application of some techniques from the theory of regular grammar to PEGs. In this paper, we define Linear PEGs (LPEGs), a subclass of PEGs that is equivalent to DFAs. Surprisingly, LPEGs are formalized by only excluding some patterns of recursive nonterminal in PEGs, and include the full set of ordered choice, unlimited lookahead, and greedy repetition, which are characteristic of PEGs. Although the conversion judgement of parsing expressions into DFAs is undecidable in general, the formalism of LPEGs allows for a syntactical judgement of parsing expressions.Comment: Parsing expression grammars, Boolean finite automata, Packrat parsin

The Cost of Monitoring Alone

We compare the succinctness of two monitoring systems for properties of infinite traces, namely parallel and regular monitors. Although a parallel monitor can be turned into an equivalent regular monitor, the cost of this transformation is a double-exponential blowup in the syntactic size of the monitors, and a triple-exponential blowup when the goal is a deterministic monitor. We show that these bounds are tight and that they also hold for translations between corresponding fragments of Hennessy-Milner logic with recursion over infinite traces.Comment: 22 page

Reasoning about embedded dependencies using inclusion dependencies

The implication problem for the class of embedded dependencies is undecidable. However, this does not imply lackness of a proof procedure as exemplified by the chase algorithm. In this paper we present a complete axiomatization of embedded dependencies that is based on the chase and uses inclusion dependencies and implicit existential quantification in the intermediate steps of deductions

Nutritional paradigm of vermicompost enhances tolerance to endosulfan in Cicer arietinum

A nutritional factor in vermicompost has been exploited suitably to stimulate growth of chickpea Cicer  arietinum. It was noticed that incorporating 12.5% of vermicompost stimulates the plant in every aspect of  growth and development. Germination rate decreased during 10 to 15 days of treatment. However, it becomes identical to the control after 20 days of treatment. The percentage of increase in total length, internode size,  emergence of leaf, emergence of flower and number of pod was 13% (40 days treatment), 205% (15 days  treatment), 43% (28 days treatment), 58% (65 days treatment) and 600% (80 days treatment),  respectively. Similar impact of vermicompost was also noticed during growth of the plant in 2.5, 5 and 7.5%  of endosulfan. An increase in germination to the extent of 6-fold was also noticed. Total length, internode size, emergence of leaf, emergence of flower and number of pod has been triple (5 days treatment in 15%  endosulfan), more than 450% (5 days treatment in 5% endosulfan), more than 550% (23 days of growth in  10% endosulfan), 300% (65 days growth in 10% endosulfan) and 600% (85 days growth in 5% endosulfan).  Hence, the results obtained partially support stimulation effect of vermicompost in chickpea plant growth. This can be attributed to, as one of the principles, adopted by Cicer arietinum in remediation of endosulfanKey words: Vermicompost, endosulfan, growth parameters, chickpea

Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pergantian Kantor Akuntan Publik (KAP) Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (Bei) Periode 2011-2014

This study is aimed to analyze the effect of the change of Going Concern Opinion KAP, to analyze the effect of Auditor Reputation effect the turn of KAP, to analyze the effect of the change of KAP Financial Distress, to analyze the effect of the change of KAP Substitution Management, The population in this research is manufacturing companies listed in Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) during the period 2011-2014. The sample in this research manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2011-2014. Based on this research, going concern opinion variable affect on the turning of KAP, variable auditor reputation does not affect the change of KAP, variable financial distress does not affect the change of KAP variable management changes did not affect the change of KAP

Pengaruh Kesadaran Wajib Pajak, Kualitas Pelayanan,Sosialisasi Perpajakan, Sanksi Perpajakan, Dan Kewajiban Moral Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak (Studi Empiris Pada KPP Pratama Kota Surakarta

This study aims to analyze the influence of the taxpayer awareness, quality of service, socialization taxation, tax penalties, and moral obligation on tax compliance.The population of this study are taxpayer who registered in Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) Pratama Kota Surakarta. The sample of this study is taken with Slovin formula. There are 74 questionnaires that can be processed. The method to gathering the primer data is used survey method with questionnaire media. The analyze of data used in this study is multiple linear regression test with SPSS 22 program.Based on the result of research on this study is the taxpayer awareness and moral obligation has a positive effect on tax compliance.Quality of service, socialization taxation, tax penalties has no effect on tax compliance

Partial Covering Arrays: Algorithms and Asymptotics

A covering array $\mathsf{CA}(N;t,k,v)$ is an $N\times k$ array with entries in $\{1, 2, \ldots , v\}$, for which every $N\times t$ subarray contains each $t$-tuple of $\{1, 2, \ldots , v\}^t$ among its rows. Covering arrays find application in interaction testing, including software and hardware testing, advanced materials development, and biological systems. A central question is to determine or bound $\mathsf{CAN}(t,k,v)$, the minimum number $N$ of rows of a $\mathsf{CA}(N;t,k,v)$. The well known bound $\mathsf{CAN}(t,k,v)=O((t-1)v^t\log k)$ is not too far from being asymptotically optimal. Sensible relaxations of the covering requirement arise when (1) the set $\{1, 2, \ldots , v\}^t$ need only be contained among the rows of at least $(1-\epsilon)\binom{k}{t}$ of the $N\times t$ subarrays and (2) the rows of every $N\times t$ subarray need only contain a (large) subset of $\{1, 2, \ldots , v\}^t$. In this paper, using probabilistic methods, significant improvements on the covering array upper bound are established for both relaxations, and for the conjunction of the two. In each case, a randomized algorithm constructs such arrays in expected polynomial time

Mediasi Earning Per Share Dalam Hubungan Antara Rasio Keuangan, Ukuran Perusahaan Dan Arus Kas Terhadap Return Saham (Study Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Di BEI)

Penelitian ini berfokus untuk menguji pengaruh rasio keuangan dengan menggunakan beberapa variabel (margin laba bersih, laba atas ekuitas, rasio utang terhadap ekuitas, rasio lancar, harga terhadap nilai buku, total perputaran aset), ukuran perusahaan dan arus kas operasi hingga pengembalian saham melalui pendapatan mediasi per saham di perusahaan manufaktur. Penelitian ini menggunakan laporan keuangan perusahaan manufaktur selama 7 tahun (2008-2014) dengan metode purposive sampling dan diperoleh 38 sampel perusahaan manufaktur. Penelitian ini tergolong sebagai penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur. Hasil dari ini penelitian menunjukkan bahwa margin laba bersih, perputaran total aset, rasio utang terhadap ekuitas, dan ukuran perusahaan langsung mempengaruhi variabel laba per saham. Sedangkan hasil analisis jalur menjelaskan bahwa laba per saham secara tidak langsung memediasi hubungan antara margin laba bersih, total perputaran aset, rasio ekuitas utang, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap variabel return saham