______ is Necessary for Interpreting a Proposition

In Natural propositions (2014), Stjernfelt contends that the interpretation of a proposition or dicisign requires the joint action of two kinds of signs. A proposition must contain a sign that conveys a general quality. This function can be served by a similarity-based icon or code-based symbol. In addition, a proposition must situate or apply this general quality, so that the predication can become liable of being true or false. This function is served by an index. Stjernfelt rightly considers the co-localization of these two parts to be a primitive phenomenon. Although this primitive character would seem to bar any further analysis, I endeavor to clarify the degree of proximity sufficient to enable co-localization. Siding with Pietarinen (2014), who argues that the whole issue should not be construed in metric terms, I conclude that one cannot make sense of propositional co-localization without appealing to some form of first-person perspective

Tracking Inferences Is not Enough: The Given as Tie-Breaker

Most inferentialists hope to bypass givenness by tracking the conditionals claimants are implicitly committed to. I argue that this approach is underdetermined because one can always construct parallel trees of conditionals. I illustrate this using the Müller-Lyer illusion and touching a table. In the former case, the lines are either even or uneven; in the latter case, a moving hand will either sweep through or be halted. For each possibility, we can rationally foresee consequents. However, I argue that, until and unless we benefit from what is given in experience, we cannot know whether to affirm the antecedents of those conditionals

Brexit Implications for Geographical Indications for Food and Beverages

Considers how Brexit may affect protection of geographical indications (GI) for food and beverages in the UK. Reviews the remaining uncertainties, the scope for supplementary protection through passing off actions, the position of European GIs in the UK, the possible impact of a UK-US trade agreement, and whether the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement between Canada and the European Union 2016 offers a GI model for future UK-EU relations

Explaining champagne prices in Scandinavia - what is the best predictor?

This paper analyses the retail prices of champagnes sold in the Scandinavian countries. Price data for the champagnes contain nearly 380 observations including a range of quality attributes of each champagne. The empirical part of the analysis reveals that the retail prices of champagne can be fairly well explained by a hedonic price function with a degree of explanation corresponding to approximately 60 per cent. However the ratings by the wine experts, in this case Robert Parker, Wine Spectator and to a lesser extent the French ‘1855 Notation’, do just as well in terms of explaining the retail prices of champagnes. Especially the rating of champagnes by Robert Parker seems to be the most influential concerning the sales prices.Champagne; prices; hedonic price function; Scandinavia

Saint-Doulchard – Les Avrillages

Date de l'opération : 1989 (SU) Inventeur(s) : Champagne Frédéric Implanté sur la rive nord de l'Yèvre dans l'emprise d'une tourbière, ce site présentait un bâtiment en bois de plan carré, de 3 m de côté, dont les quatre poteaux, soigneusement épointés, étaient préservés sur une hauteur de 1 m (Champagne, 1990). Sur le flanc sud-est de cette construction, s'étendait un empierrement de forme oblongue de 6m par 3 m, cerné ou traversé par une trentaine de pieux et de piquets, traces possibles d'..

Robert M. Benson family papers

Spanning 1937-1969, materials consist of indentures, deeds, promissory notes, insurance maps, and other legal and financial records from the earliest years of Georgia Southern University, then known as First District Agricultural and Mechanical School; materials also include personal and professional correspondences from Charles E. Cone Realty Company to active and prospective tenants about owning land in Bulloch County, as well as a variety of local land plats, oversized maps, blueprints, and posters; additionally, there are photographs of prominent local figures and family members. A notable entry are newspapers detailing the Apollo 11 moon landing in 1969. A selection of World War II field manuals, travel literature, and business documents are also present.https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/finding-aids/1214/thumbnail.jp

"Both Count and King: Composite Lordship in Thirteenth-Century Champagne and Navarre"

This dissertation examines how the counts of Champagne in northeastern France simultaneously ruled Champagne and the Iberian kingdom of Navarre from 1234 to 1274. Count Thibaut IV of Champagne (r. 1201-1253) inherited Navarre when his maternal uncle, King Sancho VII (r. 1194-1234), died childless. Because thirteenth-century Champagne and Navarre were culturally, linguistically, and geographically separate, the &ldquo;count-kings&rdquo; developed administrative practices to maintain and assert their sovereignty and lordship despite always being absent from at least one of their principalities. This dissertation analyzes and interprets how they successfully administered both regions and cultivated relationships with their people even when they were not physically present. Based on extensive archival research, this dissertation uses charters, letters, papal bulls, financial accounts, and inquests from both Champagne and Navarre to determine what strategies the count-kings used to govern, who ran their administration, and how they proclaimed their sovereignty. It argues that the count-kings made their presence felt in their absence through grants of protection and by employing a robust cadre of officials to act in their stead. Likewise, their many foundations and building projects made them a physical part of the landscape of Champagne-Navarre, while indulgences explicitly linked to them made them part of their people&rsquo;s devotion.</p