Role of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors, Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Kinase, and Adiponectin in the Ovary

The mechanisms controlling the interaction between energy balance and reproduction are the subject of intensive investigations. The integrated control of these systems is probably a multifaceted phenomenon involving an array of signals governing energy homeostasis, metabolism, and fertility. Two fuel sensors, PPARs, a superfamily of nuclear receptors and the kinase AMPK, integrate energy control and lipid and glucose homeostasis. Adiponectin, one of the adipocyte-derived factors mediate its actions through the AMPK or PPARs pathway. These three molecules are expressed in the ovary, raising questions about the biological actions of fuel sensors in fertility and the use of these molecules to treat fertility problems. This review will highlight the expression and putative role of PPARs, AMPK, and adiponectin in the ovary, particularly during folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, and oocyte maturation

Wilhelm von Humboldt : le signe linguistique en question

It is a question here of highlighting in the systematic approach to the language and to the languages of Humboldt the conceptions of the « organisme », the system which shine on the whole theoretical project until the minimal unity of the language.Il s’agit ici de mettre en évidence dans l’approche systémique du langage et des langues de Humboldt les conceptions de l’organisme, système qui rayonnent sur l’ensemble du projet théorique jusqu’à l’unité minimale de la langue

Xq27 FRAXA locus is a strong candidate for dyslexia: evidence from a genome-wide scan in French families.

Dyslexia is a frequent neurodevelopmental learning disorder. To date, nine susceptibility loci have been identified, one of them being DYX9, located in Xq27. We performed the first French SNP linkage study followed by candidate gene investigation in dyslexia by studying 12 multiplex families (58 subjects) with at least two children affected, according to categorical restrictive criteria for phenotype definition. Significant results emerged on Xq27.3 within DYX9. The maximum multipoint LOD score reached 3,884 between rs12558359 and rs454992. Within this region, seven candidate genes were investigated for mutations in exonic sequences (CXORF1, CXORF51, SLITRK2, FMR1, FMR2, ASFMR1, FMR1NB), all having a role during brain development. We further looked for 50 UTR trinucleotide repeats in FMR1 and FMR2 genes. No mutation or polymorphism co-segregating with dyslexia was found. This finding in French families with Dyslexia showed significant linkage on Xq27.3 enclosing FRAXA, and consequently confirmed the DYX9 region as a robust susceptibility locus. We reduced the previously described interval from 6.8 (DXS1227–DXS8091) to 4 Mb also disclosing a higher LOD score

Expression, régulation et rôle du système adiponectine dans l'ovaire chez trois espèces

Diplôme : othe

Prise en charge précoce d'enfants porteurs du syndrome d'alcoolisation fœtale

International audienceAlcoholic mothers’ babies and their families make up population that is difficult to manage during perinatal periods. The “Centre d’action médico-sociale précoce” (Camsp) deals with infants up to 6 years old children with learning difficulties due to different handicaps. This Centre aims to reduce handicaps or, at least, prevent over-handicaps. The effects of Camsp’s work in the city of Havre are studied through the paths of eleven children with foetal alcohol syndrome (Fas) or foetal alcohol spectrum disorders (Fasds) through semi-directive interviews with the head of Camsp.Les nouveau-nés de mères consommatrices d’alcool et leurs familles constituent une population à gestion difficile en période périnatale. Le Centre d’action médico-sociale précoce (Camsp) vise la prise en charge précoce des enfants âgés de moins de 6 ans présentant des difficultés d’apprentissage liées à des handicaps divers. Son objectif consiste à réduire les handicaps, ou du moins éviter le « sur-handicap ». Nous étudierons les effets de cette prise en charge par le Camsp du Havre à travers le parcours de onze enfants porteurs du syndrome d’alcoolisation fœtale (Saf) ou de ses effets atténués (effets de l’alcool sur le fœtus : Eaf) au moyen d’entretiens semi-directifs avec la directrice du Camsp