119 research outputs found
"Io vo' fare testamento". Le ultime volontĂ di mogli e di mariti, tra controllo e soggettivitĂ (secoli XIV-XV)
La couverture du « livre vivant » fait-elle son histoire? : Tournez la page pour découvrir l'expérience vécue de « lecteurs » de la BibliothÚque vivante à l'égard des personnes ayant un trouble mental
La stigmatisation affecte dâune façon particuliĂšre les personnes ayant un trouble mental. Elle peut mener jusquâĂ des comportements discriminatoires et dĂ©pouiller ces personnes de la reconnaissance sociale ou de la participation sociale auxquelles elles ont droit. Ătant donnĂ© les diffĂ©rents dĂ©fis auxquels ces personnes victimes de stigmatisation et de discrimination vivent, il importe de documenter les initiatives visant la rĂ©duction des prĂ©jugĂ©s. Cette Ă©tude traite dâinitiative danoise, la BibliothĂšque vivante, adaptĂ©e au QuĂ©bec sous la dĂ©nomination dâĂ livres ouverts. Elle a pour objectif dâexplorer lâexpĂ©rience vĂ©cue des participants Ă cette activitĂ© surnommĂ©s les « lecteurs » tout en documentant les reprĂ©sentations sociales quâils ont des personnes ayant un trouble mental Ă partir de leur participation Ă lâactivitĂ©. Lâanalyse des donnĂ©es recueillies auprĂšs de 38 « lecteurs » rĂ©vĂšle que les participants ont une perception relativement positive envers les personnes ayant un trouble mental. Cette perception des participants rĂ©sulterait de leur contact auprĂšs dâune personne prĂ©sentant un tel trouble ayant Ă©tĂ© initiĂ© avant leur participation Ă lâactivitĂ©. Mais lâexpĂ©rience de cette initiative leur a permis dâenrichir les connaissances dĂ©jĂ acquises sur le sujet des troubles mentaux. Dans cette perspective, les rĂ©sultats de lâĂ©tude montrent que lâexpĂ©rience et le lien quâont les « lecteurs » envers ces personnes agissent positivement sur leur perception Ă lâĂ©gard de ces derniĂšres. Cette relation semble effectivement permettre de mieux comprendre la rĂ©alitĂ© de ces personnes ainsi que dâaccroitre leurs connaissances Ă leur sujet. Il apparaĂźt que cette proximitĂ© a sensibilisĂ© favorablement les « lecteurs » Ă cette problĂ©matique et a amenuisĂ© leur perception pĂ©jorative des personnes ayant un trouble mental. Pourrait-on alors initier dĂšs lâenfance les individus Ă lâempathie sociale en les jumelant avec des personnes de tous horizons afin dâĂ©veiller leur ouverture dâesprit aux personnes prĂ©sentant des diffĂ©rences de soi en sâinspirant du systĂšme Ă©ducatif actuel au Danemark ? VoilĂ une des suggestions qui Ă©manent de ce mĂ©moire.People with mental disorders are particularly affected by stigmatization, which can lead to discriminatory behaviors and can deprive them of their right to be acknowledged and to participate in society. Considering the various challenges of stigmatization and discrimination that these persons must face, it is important to document initiatives that aim to reduce prejudices. This study focuses on the Danish initiative, The Human Library, which was adapted in the province of QuĂ©bec under the name of Ă livres ouverts. Its objective is to explore the experiences of the participants, known as âreadersâ, while documenting their way of perceiving people with mental disorders. The analysis of the data from the 38 âreadersâ revealed that participants have a relatively positive view of these people, which could be a result of them being in contact with each other during the activity. Experiencing this initiative allowed them to expand their knowledge of mental disorders. In this regard, the results of the study show that this experience and the connections they made with the other persons act positively on their perceptions toward them. This relationship seems to help them know more about these individuals and understand their realities. It seems that this proximity sensitized the âreadersâ to this issue and reduced their negative perceptions of people with mental disorders. Could we then draw from Denmarkâs education system and introduce children to social empathy by pairing them up with people from all aspects of life? This could awaken their openness toward people who are different from them. This is one of the suggestions that emerge from this masterâs thesis.Stigmatisering pĂ„virker mennesker med psykiske lidelser pĂ„ en sĂŠrlig mĂ„de. Det kan fĂžre til diskriminerende adfĂŠrd og hindre dem i social anerkendelse eller deltagelse i sociale sammenhĂŠnge, som de ellers burde vĂŠre en del af. Hvis man iagttager de forskellige udfordringer, som disse stigmatiserede og diskriminerede personer stĂ„r over for, er det vigtigt at kunne vise initiativer der mindsker disse fordomme. Dette studie omhandler det danske initiativ, â Menneskebiblioteketâ, som i Quebec eksisterer under navnetâ Ă livres ouvertsâ. FormĂ„let med dette studie er, at se pĂ„ erfaringerne fra deltagere i denne aktivitet, som bliver kaldt "lĂŠserne, " nĂ„r de bliver prĂŠsenteret for et menneske med en mental lidelse. Analysen af data, indsamlet fra 38 "lĂŠsere" afslĂžrer, at deltagerne har en relativt positiv opfattelse af personer med en psykisk lidelse. Denne opfattelse af deltagerne skyldes den kontakt med en person med en sĂ„dan lidelse, der er blevet indledt fĂžr deres deltagelse i aktiviteten. Erfaringen med dette initiativ har givet dem mulighed for at udvide den viden, de allerede har tilegnet sig om psykiske lidelser. I dette perspektiv viser resultatet af undersĂžgelsen, at erfaringerne og den relation, som "lĂŠserne" har med disse mennesker, har en positiv effekt pĂ„ deres opfattelse af dem. Dette forhold synes at bidrage til en bedre forstĂ„else af disse mennesker, samt at Ăžge deres viden om dem. Det ser ud til, at denne nĂŠrhed har positiv effekt pĂ„ "lĂŠserne" og har reduceret deres nedsĂŠttende opfattelse af personer med psykiske lidelser. Kunne man sĂ„, ved at lade sig inspirere af det nuvĂŠrende tiltag i Danmark, allerede fra barndommen give individer social empati ved at sĂŠtte dem sammen med mennesker fra alle samfundslag for saa at give dem Ă„benhed overfor forskelligheder? Dette er et af de forslag, der udledes af dette speciale
La loi du lignage. Notes sur le systĂšme successoral florentin (XIVe/XVe-XVIIe siĂšcle)
Cet article analyse la mise en place et lâĂ©volution des rĂšgles de la succession ab intestat dans les statuts florentins entre 1325 et 1415. Lâample extension gĂ©nĂ©alogique de lâexclusion des filles dotĂ©es de la succession du pĂšre et des agnats mĂąles et le classement des hĂ©ritiers de la mĂšre, qui laisse les filles hĂ©riter seulement en lâabsence de leurs frĂšres, neveux ex fratre et autres descendants mĂąles, dĂ©terminent un mode de transmission des biens fortement patrilinĂ©aire qui constitue la clef de voĂ»te du systĂšme lignager florentin. Au lendemain de la peste noire et jusquâen 1415, le durcissement des normes qui disciplinent la transmission des hĂ©ritages aux femmes et leurs droits de propriĂ©tĂ© sur ces biens non dotaux rĂ©vĂšle une remarquable capacitĂ© de rĂ©action des lĂ©gislateurs face aux consĂ©quences successorales de la crise dĂ©mographique.This essay focuses on the setting and the evolution of the inheritance system in the florentine statutes between 1325 and 1415. Daughters received a dowry which excluded them from their fatherâs inheritance, but the law also prevented them from inheriting from their mother if sons, grand-sons and other male descendents were still alive. After the black death and until 1415, the legislators reinforced these norms which ruled the transmission of inheritance to women and their property right over these non dotal goods. showing a great capacity of reaction to the inheritance consequences of the demographic crisis
Il matrimonio di Dante
Lâarticolo analizza lâesiguo corpus di documenti che riguardano il matrimonio tra Dante Alighieri e Gemma Donati. Lâautrice propone innanzitutto alcune correzioni allâinterpretazione dellâinstrumentum dotis, perduto, e poi analizza i problemi sollevati dal documento, in particolare lâetĂ degli sposi. Si passa poi ad analizzare la dote di Gemma in maniera comparativa con gli altri matrimoni dellâepoca a Firenze; ultima questione studiata Ăš la restituzione della dote alla Donati nel quadro delle confische dei beni degli esiliati
Pet recycling: From enzyme and process optimization to an industrial plant
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Ătude de faisabilitĂ© pour un portail mutualisĂ© pour â la recherche de ressources Ă©ducatives numĂ©riques (REN) â et le dĂ©pĂŽt de ressources Ă©ducatives libres (REL)â : Colloque NumĂ©rique 2020
Présentation dans le cadre du Colloque Numérique 2020, les Journées du numérique en enseignement supérieur, les 2 et 3 novembre 2020, en ligne
Effect of drug utilization reviews on the quality of in-hospital prescribing: a quasi-experimental study
BACKGROUND: Drug utilization review (DUR) programs are being conducted in Canadian hospitals with the aim of improving the appropriateness of prescriptions. However, there is little evidence of their effectiveness. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of both a retrospective and a concurrent DUR programs on the quality of in-hospital prescribing. METHODS: We conducted an interrupted time series quasi-experimental study. Using explicit criteria for quality of prescribing, the natural history of cisapride prescription was established retrospectively in three university-affiliated hospitals. A retrospective DUR was implemented in one of the hospitals, a concurrent DUR in another, whereas the third hospital served as a control. An archivist abstracted records of all patients who were prescribed cisapride during the observation period. The effect of DURs relative to the control hospital was determined by comparing estimated regression coefficients from the time series models and by testing the statistical significance using a 2-tailed Student's t test. RESULTS: The concurrent DUR program significantly improved the appropriateness of prescriptions for the indication for use whereas the retrospective DUR brought about no significant effect on the quality of prescribing. CONCLUSION: Results suggest a retrospective DUR approach may not be sufficient to improve the quality of prescribing. However, a concurrent DUR strategy, with direct feedback to prescribers seems effective and should be tested in other settings with other drugs
Fibrilação atrial em atletas / Atrial fibrillation in athletes
Objetivos: Embasar na literatura a correlação existente na prĂĄtica de exercĂcios fĂsicos de alta potĂȘncia praticadas por atletas e a incidĂȘncia de fibrilação atrial. MĂ©todos: RevisĂŁo integrativa com artigos selecionados nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo, Medline e Lilacs publicados entre os anos de 2011 e 2021, com ensaios e estudos clĂnicos, alĂ©m de estudos observacionais. Os descritores utilizados foram: (athletes) AND (atrial fibrillation). Resultados: Alguns estudos apontaram uma baixa incidĂȘncia de fibrilação atrial entre atletas de elite. Enquanto outros constataram que o treinamento de alta intensidade de atletas competitivos estĂĄ relacionado a um maior risco de fibrilação atrial, principalmente homens saudĂĄveis de meia idade, quando possuem uma frequĂȘncia cardĂaca menor que 100 bpm. ConsideraçÔes finais: A Fibrilação atrial em atletas tem uma incidĂȘncia maior em atletas do sexo masculino e mais velhos que realizam treinos de alta intensidade, visto que possuem como potenciais indutores o remodelamento cardĂaco, a inflamação e a fibrose.
MĂ©mento 2 : RĂ©sidences 1999-2000
This richly illustrated catalogue documents the work of 35 artists who took part in six residencies (including two events - La Cueillette and La Ruche) that took place in 1999 and 2000 at Centre Est-Nord-Est. The centreâs director, F. Michel, describes the nature and purpose of the residencies as well as that of the catalogue : to reflect each participantâs experience. Includes brief comments by the artist on their work and on their stay. Text in French and English. Biographical notes
Effects of Wolves on Elk and Cattle Behaviors: Implications for Livestock Production and Wolf Conservation
BACKGROUND: In many areas, livestock are grazed within wolf (Canis lupus) range. Predation and harassment of livestock by wolves creates conflict and is a significant challenge for wolf conservation. Wild prey, such as elk (Cervus elaphus), perform anti-predator behaviors. Artificial selection of cattle (Bos taurus) might have resulted in attenuation or absence of anti-predator responses, or in erratic and inconsistent responses. Regardless, such responses might have implications on stress and fitness. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We compared elk and cattle anti-predator responses to wolves in southwest Alberta, Canada within home ranges and livestock pastures, respectively. We deployed satellite- and GPS-telemetry collars on wolves, elk, and cattle (n = 16, 10 and 78, respectively) and measured seven prey response variables during periods of wolf presence and absence (speed, path sinuosity, time spent head-up, distance to neighboring animals, terrain ruggedness, slope and distance to forest). During independent periods of wolf presence (n = 72), individual elk increased path sinuosity (Z = -2.720, P = 0.007) and used more rugged terrain (Z = -2.856, P = 0.004) and steeper slopes (Z = -3.065, P = 0.002). For cattle, individual as well as group behavioral analyses were feasible and these indicated increased path sinuosity (Z = -2.720, P = 0.007) and decreased distance to neighbors (Z = -2.551, P = 0.011). In addition, cattle groups showed a number of behavioral changes concomitant to wolf visits, with variable direction in changes. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our results suggest both elk and cattle modify their behavior in relation to wolf presence, with potential energetic costs. Our study does not allow evaluating the efficacy of anti-predator behaviors, but indicates that artificial selection did not result in their absence in cattle. The costs of wolf predation on livestock are often compensated considering just the market value of the animal killed. However, society might consider refunding some additional costs (e.g., weight loss and reduced reproduction) that might be associated with the changes in cattle behaviors that we documented
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