EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF RAJATA BHASMA & RAJATA YOGA

Change in life style has resulted in the increased production of free radicals in the body which not only raise the oxidative stress but also plays an important role in the immune system dysfunction. Now a day, human body is continuously exposed to different types of agents that result in production of reactive species called as ‘free radicals’. Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high levels of blood sugar (hyperglycemia). Many evidences from experiments have proved that free radicals and oxidative stress play a major role in complications of Diabetes mellitus like coronary heart disease, Neuropathy, Nephropathy, Retinopathy and stroke. In Ayurveda, the syndrome Diabetes mellitus has been covered under the broad heading of Prameha. Rajata Yoga is mentioned in Rasa Tarangini and indicated in all types of Prameha. Rajata bhasma, Twak churna, Ela churna and Patra Churna are the main ingredients of Rajata Yoga. The aim of present study is to evaluate the in vitro anti oxidant activity of Rajata bhasma & Rajata Yoga. The method followed to evaluate the anti oxidant activity is 1, 1- diphenyl 2- picrrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay has been used in the determination of In- vitro antioxidant activity.Results: Significant Inhibition percentage of Rajata bhasma & Rajata Yoga was seen in increasing order of percentage when sample concentration (100µl, 200µl, 300µl, 400µl, 500µl) was increased. Rajata bhasma showed 69.86% of inhibition and Rajata Yoga showed 80.10% of inhibition in 500 µl sample concentrations respectively

Cervical Cancer Prediction using NGBFA Feature Selection Algorithm and Hybrid Ensemble Classifier

Cervical Cancer (CC) is a substantial reason of death midst middle-aged women throughout the world, specifically in developing countries, with approximately 85% of deaths. CC patients can be healed if spotted in the early stages. As no symptoms appear in the initial stages, it has become a challenge for investigators to predict the disease in the early stages. Several machine learning algorithms have been used to predict CC since the last decade. Instead of using a single classifier for the prediction, ensemble methods give accurate results, creating and combining multiple models to produce improved results. In this study, we built a hybrid ensemble classifier, 'A Robust Model Stacking: A Hybrid Ensemble,' in which a homogenous ensemble will be performed on a pool of classifiers in the base level followed by a heterogenous ensemble using the majority voting (soft) algorithm to get the final prediction of the new data. The dataset used in this study contains 858 instances with 32 features built from the risk factors and four targets made from the CC diagnosis tests. We have solved the data imbalance problem using an oversampling technique called SMOTE. The model's efficiency was evaluated based on the accuracy, recall, f1-score, precision, and AUC-ROC curve metrics for all four target variables in the dataset. The proposed Biopsy method's accuracy is 98%, Hinselmann is 97%, Schiller is 96.09%, and Citology is 93%. We implement ensemble learning in this study to increase prediction accuracy and decrease bias and variance. We carried the experiments out using the Python language in Google Colab and Jupyter notebooks. The experimental results revealed that our proposed hybrid ensemble learning records a remarkable accuracy for all four target variables

PHARMACEUTICAL STANDARDIZATION OF RAJATA YOGA

Rasa Shastra is a branch of Ayurveda which deals with the processing of minerals and metals having therapeutic importance. Rajata comes under the group of metals having high therapeutic values. Minerals and metals are mostly used in the form of bhasma. There is no specific anupana mentioned for Rajata, it depends upon dosha and disease. Rajata bhasma when given with proper Anupana is indicated in all types of diseases. Rajata Yoga is one such formulation mentioned in Rasa Tarangini, indicated in Prameha. Rajata bhasma, Twak churna, Ela churna and Patra churna are the main ingredients. The present study has been planned to standardize the method of preparation of a Herbo-mineral formulation i.e., Rajata Yoga. Samanya Shodhana and Visesha Shodhana procedures were adopted for Rajata patra (50g). After Visesha Shodhana, 48g of obtained coarse Rajata patra were subjected to Marana with equal quantity of Kajjali (48g) and sufficient quantity of Kumari Swarasa as bhavana dravya. Totally 25 putas were given to attain Rajata bhasma (90g) which passed all bhasma lakshanas as mentioned in our classics. Rajata bhasma (45g) was mixed with Trijataka churna (Twak churna-300g; Ela churna -300g and Patra churna – 300g) to form homogenous 945g of Rajata Yoga. Thus it can be concluded that Supaka i.e. neither less nor more heat is desirable and is essential for making a drug safe and efficacious

ANALYTICAL STANDARDIZATION OF RAJATA BHASMA

Bhasma Kalpana is a unique part of Ayurvedic Rasa shastra. It is a method of converting metals into metallic Bhasma. Metallic Bhasmas are well known for its quick effectiveness, smaller dose and a long shelf life. However if these Bhasmas are not well prepared and analyzed they can be toxic to human body. Therefore Bhasma Pariksha is given in Ayurveda to confirm the well prepared metallic Bhasma, but in this era we need to analyze the Bhasmas on modern parameters too to make it acceptable globally. So in this study prepared Rajata (Silver) Bhasma is analyzed on various parameters i.e. Ayuvedic parameters i.e., Varitaratwa, Rekhapurnatwa, Slakshantwa and Laghutwa and some modern parameters like, pH, Particle size, Zeta Potential, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra red Spectroscopy (FTIR), U V – Spectroscopy. Results: pH value is 5.6, UV- spectroscopy showed maximum absorption at 302nm, FT-IR of Rajata bhasma reveals the presence of C-H (alkyl), C-N (Aliphatic amine) groups at different wavelengths, Mean Particle size of Rajata bhasma is 2.7nm, Zeta Potential analysis reveals -19.3 mV, X-RD of Rajata bhasma reaveals the major peaks of HgS (Cinnabar), Ag2S (Silver Sulphide), SEM analysis of Rajata bhasma showed small crystalline particles at 5KX & 10KX magnifications, EDX analysis of Rajata bhasma confirmed the presence of elements viz., Sulphur 20.34%, Oxygen 7.43%, Silver 26.72%, Mercury 45.51% by weight

Prevalence of Underweight, Stunting, and Wasting among Children Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in South India

Background. Growth failure is a common feature of children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Malnutrition increases mortality and may impair the response to antiretroviral treatment. Objective. Our objective was to describe the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting in HIV-infected children in south India and to assess the utility of these parameters in predicting immune status. Methodology. In this cross-sectional study, anthropometric measurements and CD4 counts were performed on 231 HIV-infected children. Z scores for height for age, weight for age, and weight for height were correlated with CD4 cell counts and receiver operating characteristic curves plotted. Results. Prevalence of underweight was 63%, stunting 58%, and wasting 16%, respectively. 33–45% of children were moderately or severely malnourished even at CD4 >25%; sensitivity and specificity of stunting or underweight to predict HIV disease severity was low. Conclusions. Undernutrition and stunting are common among HIV-infected children at all stages of the disease in India. Early and aggressive nutritional intervention is required, if long-term outcomes are to be improved

A Bandwidth Degradation Technique to Reduce Call Dropping Probability in Mobile Network Systems

A generic video telephony may require more than 40 kbps whereas a low motion video telephony may require about 25 kbps for data transmission. From the designing point of view these requirements demands for an alternative resource planning, especially for bandwidth allocation in wireless networks. In wireless network where bandwidth is a scare resource, the system may need to block incoming user if all of the bandwidth has been used to provide highest quality of service to existing users. However this bandwidth resource planning may be unacceptable for larger application. This work aims towards a realization of a mobile network using W-CDMA multi access technique supporting multilevel quality of services. The bandwidth allocation to multiple users is adjusted dynamically according to the required network condition so as to increase bandwidth utilization. The work analyzes the performance deriving the degradation period ratio, mean degradation time and degradation state for the implemented wireless network. The proposed work is aim to implement on Matlab tool for its functional verification considering various mobility patterns

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1807-1811A new and effective method for the preparation of optically active (S)-3-amino-1,2-propanediol 1 has been established starting from (R)-epichlorohydrin 2. The synthetic approach involves the reaction of (R)-epichlorohydrin 2 with acetone catalyzed by boron trifluoride etherate (BF3·OEt2) to give the (R)-4-(chloromethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, 5. Replacing the chloro group in (R)-5 with amino group by azidation followed by reduction gives ((S)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methanamine 7. Acetal deprotection of the obtained (S)-<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">7 with MeOH.HCl gives (S)-3-aminopropane-1,2-diol·HCl