Estudio de un modelo predictivo del clima escolar sobre el desarrollo del carácter y las conductas de "bullying"

Con el objetivo de testar un modelo teórico con aportaciones en el estudio de los antecedentes y consecuencias del carácter, se analizaron las relaciones entre clima escolar, carácter (resiliencia e identidad moral) y conductas de bullying (acoso y victimización). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 581 estudiantes (281 chicos y 298 chicas), con edades comprendidas entre los 11 y los 15 años (M =12.43, DT =.89). Los resultados mostraron cómo distintas dimensiones del clima escolar predijeron la resiliencia y la identidad moral, y éstas, a su vez, las conductas de bullying. Estos hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de generar entornos educativos favorables para el desarrollo positivo del carácter, como estrategia de prevención de consecuencias negativas en el entorno educativo.With the aim of testing a theoretical model with contributions on the study of the precedents and consequences of character, analysis was carried out of the relationship between school climate, character (resilience and moral identity), and bullying behavior (harassment and victimization). The sample was made up of 581 students (281 boys and 298 girls), aged between 11 and 15 (M =12.43, DT =.89). The results showed how the different dimensions of the school climate predicted resilience and moral identity, and these, in turn, predicted bullying behavior. These findings suggest the need to create educational environments which favor the positive development of character as a strategy preventing negative consequences in the educational environment

Registry of the Spanish network for systemic sclerosis: survival, prognostic factors, and causes of death

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare, multisystem disease showing a large individual variability in disease progression and prognosis. In the present study, we assess survival, causes of death, and risk factors of mortality in a large series of Spanish SSc patients. Consecutive SSc patients fulfilling criteria of the classification by LeRoy were recruited in the survey. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional-hazards models were used to analyze survival and to identify predictors of mortality. Among 879 consecutive patients, 138 (15.7%) deaths were registered. Seventy-six out of 138 (55%) deceased patients were due to causes attributed to SSc, and pulmonary hypertension (PH) was the leading cause in 23 (16.6%) patients. Survival rates were 96%, 93%, 83%, and 73% at 5, 10, 20, and 30 years after the first symptom, respectively. Survival rates for diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) and limited cutaneous SSc were 91%, 86%, 64%, and 39%; and 97%, 95%, 85%, and 81% at 5, 10, 20, and 30 years, respectively (log-rank: 67.63, P < 0.0001). The dcSSc subset, male sex, age at disease onset older than 65 years, digital ulcers, interstitial lung disease (ILD), PH, heart involvement, scleroderma renal crisis (SRC), presence of antitopoisomerase I and absence of anticentromere antibodies, and active capillaroscopic pattern showed reduced survival rate. In a multivariate analysis, older age at disease onset, dcSSc, ILD, PH, and SRC were independent risk factors for mortality. In the present study involving a large cohort of SSc patients, a high prevalence of disease-related causes of death was demonstrated. Older age at disease onset, dcSSc, ILD, PH, and SRC were identified as independent prognostic factors

Motivation in the teaching of Physical Education according to the Achievement Goal Theory: methodological considerations

Physical Education, Motivation, Achievement Goal Theory, Motivational Profiles, Psychological Assessment,