Energy deposition studies for the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider inner triplet magnets

A detailed model of the High Luminosity LHC inner triplet region with new large-aperture Nb3Sn magnets, field maps, corrector packages, and segmented tungsten inner absorbers was built and implemented into the FLUKA and MARS15 codes. In the optimized configuration, the peak power density averaged over the magnet inner cable width is safely below the quench limit. For the integrated luminosity of 3000 fb-1, the peak dose in the innermost magnet insulator ranges from 20 to 35 MGy. Dynamic heat loads to the triplet magnet cold mass are calculated to evaluate the cryogenic capability. In general, FLUKA and MARS results are in a very good agreement.Comment: 24 p

Energy Deposition Studies for the Hi-Lumi LHC Inner Triplet Magnets

A detailed model of the High Luminosity LHC inner triplet region with new large-aperture Nb3Sn magnets, field maps, corrector packages, and segmented tungsten inner absorbers was built and implemented into the FLUKA and MARS15 codes. In the optimized configuration, the peak power density averaged over the magnet inner cable width is safely below the quench limit. For the integrated luminosity of 3000 fb -1, the peak dose in the innermost magnet insulator ranges from 20 to 35 MGy. Dynamic heat loads to the triplet magnet cold mass are calculated to evaluate the cryogenic capability. In general, FLUKA and MARS results are in a very good agreement.Comment: 4 pp. Presented paper at the 5th International Particle Accelerator Conference, June 15 -20, 2014, Dresden, German

The Iconographic Exploitation of the Urban Space for the Amplification of the Symbols of the Camorra. The Case of Spanish Quarters, Naples, Italy

This contribution is inspired by a current scenario regarding the city of Naples, Italy, where a strong popular uprising is underway against local institutions that are destroying the Camorra murals celebrating its “heroes” died in “war”. These events are very interesting to analyse the theme of the iconographic exploitation of urban space by the criminal part of society in order to amplify the identity symbols of a tribal structure such as the Camorra. While on the one hand the analysis aims to show the positive response of civil society and institutions in eradicating these celebra tory icons of evil, on the other hand the research intends to emphasise the profound and worrying systemic modification of public space according to subjective and nega tive canons that, however, are also shared by some intellectuals and even an adminis trative cour

Enhancing Brand Image through Events and Cultural Festivals: the Perspective of the Stresa Festival’s Visitors

Cultural events have become a significant component within the strategies of destination branding of a place. Territories are increasingly using events and cultural festivals to enhance their image and boost tourism development. Many destinations worldwide have built events portfolios as a strategic initiative to attract visitors and to develop their own brand. A destination brand represents a dynamic interaction between the destination’s core assets and the way in which potential visitors perceive them. Thus, the visitor perspective is considered as fundamental in triggering processes of destination branding. This paper investigates how the visitors assess the impact of cultural events and festivals in enhancing the image of a tourist destination. The Stresa Festival (Stresa, Lake Maggiore, Italy) has been selected as a case study. Stresa Festival is undoubtedly one of the best-known European classical music festivals that every year offers performances by internationally famous artists to its audiences. Structured questionnaires have been used as the methodology to carry out the research. Online questionnaires have been handed out to residents and non-resident visitors to the Stresa Festival to extract the opinions and experience from the public on the image effects of this festival. Findings reveal that there is a positive relationship between this cultural event and the enhancement of the city image and its territory

Re-examining the X-Ray versus Spin-Down Luminosity Correlation of Rotation Powered Pulsars

The empirical relation between the X-ray luminosity (in the 2-10 keV band) and the rate of spin-down energy loss of a sample of 37 pulsars is re-examined considering recent data from ASCA, RXTE, BeppoSAX, Chandra, and XMM-Newton. The data show a significant scatter around an average correlation computed including statistical and systematic errors. All the X-ray luminosities are found to lie below a critical line corresponding to a maximum efficiency of conversion of rotational energy into X-rays varying between 0.1 and 80%. The large dispersion of the X-ray luminosity below the critical line indicates that other physical parameters uncorrelated with the period and period derivative need to be included to account for the observed emission at X-ray energies. We indicate a few possibilities that all conspire to lower the luminosity

The impact of heavy quark mass effects in the NNPDF global analysis

We discuss the implementation of the FONLL general-mass scheme for heavy quarks in deep-inelastic scattering in the FastKernel framework, used in the NNPDF series of global PDF analysis. We present the general features of FONLL and benchmark the accuracy of its implementation in FastKernel comparing with the Les Houches heavy quark benchmark tables. We then show preliminary results of the NNPDF2.1 analysis, in which heavy quark mass effects are included following the FONLL-A GM scheme.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; to appear in the proceedings of DIS 2010, Firenz

A Damage Detection Approach for Axially Loaded Beam-like Structures Based on Gaussian Mixture Model

Axially loaded beam-like structures represent a challenging case study for unsupervised learning vibration-based damage detection. Under real environmental and operational conditions, changes in axial load cause changes in the characteristics of the dynamic response that are significantly greater than those due to damage at an early stage. In previous works, the authors proposed the adoption of a multivariate damage feature composed of eigenfrequencies of multiple vibration modes. Successful results were obtained by framing the problem of damage detection as that of unsupervised outlier detection, adopting the well-known Mahalanobis squared distance (MSD) to define an effective damage index. Starting from these promising results, a novel approach based on unsupervised learning data clustering is proposed in this work, which increases the sensitivity to damage and significantly reduces the uncertainty associated with the results, allowing for earlier damage detection. The novel approach, which is based on Gaussian mixture model, is compared with the benchmark one based on the MSD, under the effects of an uncontrolled environment and, most importantly, in the presence of real damage due to corrosion

Progress in the Neural Network Determination of Polarized Parton Distributions

We review recent progress towards a determination of a set of polarized parton distributions from a global set of deep-inelastic scattering data based on the NNPDF methodology, in analogy with the unpolarized case. This method is designed to provide a faithful and statistically sound representation of parton distributions and their uncertainties. We show how the FastKernel method provides a fast and accurate method for solving the polarized DGLAP equations. We discuss the polarized PDF parametrizations and the physical constraints which can be imposed. Preliminary results suggest that the uncertainty on polarized PDFs, most notably the gluon, has been underestimated in previous studies.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures; to appear in the proceedings of DIS 2010, Firenz

Energetic Constraints on a Rapid Gamma-Ray Flare in PKS 1222+216

We study theoretical implications of a rapid Very-High-Energy (VHE) flare detected by MAGIC in the Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasar PKS 1222+216. The minimum distance from the jet origin at which this flare could be produced is 0.5 pc. A moderate Doppler factor of the VHE source, D_{VHE} ~ 20, is allowed by all opacity constraints. The concurrent High-Energy (HE) emission observed by Fermi provides estimates of the total jet power and the jet magnetic field strength. Energetic constraints for the VHE flare are extremely tight: for an isotropic particle distribution they require a huge co-moving energy density in the emitting region and a very efficient radiative process. We disfavor hadronic processes due to their low radiative efficiency, as well as the synchrotron scenario recently proposed for the case of HE flares in the Crab Nebula, since the parameters needed to overcome the radiative losses are quite extreme. The VHE emission can be explained by the Synchrotron Self-Compton (SSC) mechanism for D_{VHE} ~ 20 or by the External Radiation Compton (ERC) mechanism involving the infrared radiation of the dusty torus for D_{VHE} ~ 50. After discussing several alternative scenarios, we propose that the extreme energy density constraint can be satisfied when the emission comes from highly anisotropic short-lived bunches of particles formed by the kinetic beaming mechanism in magnetic reconnection sites. By focusing the emitting particles into very narrow beams, this mechanism allows one to relax the causality constraint on the source size, decreasing the required energy density by 4 orders of magnitude.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA