Modelo de evaluación de la operación del transporte público colectivo en Medellín con diferentes tecnologías limpias

Consideramos que se hace necesario expandir las bondades de cada una de las fuentes que puedan ser implementadas en nuestra ciudad, con el fin de poder evaluarlas y compararlas con otras al mismo tiempo, ya que no se pueden parametrizar sin conocerlas ni juzgar por simple apariencia. Una justificación que nos lleva a trabajar en este tema, es poder llegar a considerar una fuente de energía para el transporte público colectivo que pueda mejorar las condiciones de viaje de los usuarios, reducir los costos de viaje, minimizar los tiempos en los desplazamientos y generar una integración entre la infraestructura vial existente y el entorno urbano, haciendo claridad que las fuentes evaluadas puedan ser implementadas en cualquier corredor del municipio con una demanda especial. Así pues, con el presente trabajo se pretende diseñar una metodología para analizar y comparar diferentes alternativas de fuentes de energía (eléctrico, diesel y gas) de los vehículos tipo bus requeridos para la prestación del servicio del transporte público colectivo de la ciudad de Medellín, que permita determinar la viabilidad de su implementación acorde con las condiciones topográficas de la ciudad, diseño operacional, demanda de pasajeros, costos de operación y compatibilidad con el medio ambiente

Monografía "Sistema de gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo SG-SST"

Establecerla importancia de la implementación del Sistema de Gestión de la Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo en las empresas.El presente trabajo se enfocó sobre la importancia de la implementación del Sistema de Gestión de la Seguridad y Salud en el trabajo (SG-SST); en las empresas; este se enfoca en el ciclo PHVA (Planear, Hacer, Verificar y Actuar), el cual busca una mejora continua; y permite hacer una identificación de peligros, una adecuada evaluación y control de riesgos presentes en las empresas, teniendo en cuenta la actividad económica de la misma; porque como se sabe no todas las empresas, y todos los oficios tienen los mismos riesgos. La Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (SST), es la disciplina que trata de la prevención de las lesiones y enfermedades causadas por las condiciones de trabajo, y de la protección y promoción de la salud de los trabajadores. Las empresas que actualmente no cuenten con la implementación de este sistema están expuestas a sanciones e incluso al cierre, porque es un requisito obligatorio para todas las empresas la implementación de este y tenerlo actualizado al día según la normatividad vigente, que por el momento las principales normas aplicables son el decreto 1072 de 2015 y la Resolución 1111 de 2017. Según los tiempos de aplicación del SG-SST, para esta época las empresas deben de estar cursando la Fase 3, que corresponde a la Ejecución

Percepción de la juventud canaria sobre la violencia de género y su impacto en las relaciones de pareja

El siguiente trabajo de investigación pretende conocer la percepción que tiene la juventud canaria acerca de la violencia de género y como esta puede afectar o ha afectado a sus relaciones de pareja. Con este se pretende determinar el nivel de concientización que tiene la población joven acerca de la violencia de género y como esto se ve reflejada en sus relaciones de pareja, adentrándonos en conocer algunos comportamientos o aptitudes que se consideran normales y por el contrario, son signos de violencia, como podrían ser actitudes de control, o abusos psicológicos. No podemos olvidar que las relaciones de parejas están expuestas a diferentes estímulos que reciben de la sociedad, ya sea por los medios de comunicación o su entorno, por lo cual pueden perpetuar dentro de la pareja estereotipos o roles de género o esa idea del “amor romántico”. En este caso, la investigación se lleva a cabo desde un enfoque cualitativo, utilizando como técnica de recogida de información el cuestionario; debemos señalar que la muestra está formada por jóvenes con edades comprendidas entre los 16 y 26 años que viven en Canarias.The present research work aim to know the perception that young Canarians have about gender violence and how it can affect or has affected their relationships. With this work it is intended to determine the level of awareness that the young population has about gender violence and how this is reflected in couple relationships, delving into knowing some behaviors or aptitudes that are considered normal and on the contrary, they are signs of violence, such as attitudes of control, or psychological abuse. We cannot forget that couple relationships are exposed to different stimuli that they receive from society, be it the media or yours family and friends, for which they can perpetuate within the couple stereotypes or gender roles or that idea of "romantic love". In this case, the research is carried out from a qualitative approach, using the questionnaire and the semi-structured interview as information collection techniques, the participants are made up of young people between the ages of 16 and 26 who live in the Canary Islands

FACTORES QUE CONDICIONAN EL CONSUMO DE DROGAS EN ESTUDIANTES DEL 4TO Y 5TO DE SECUNDARIA DEL COLEGIO IGNACIO ALVAREZ THOMAS DE CERRO COLORADO AREQUIPA, 2009

DROGAS USO, ABUSO Y DEPENDENCIA DE LAS DROGAS CLASIFICACIÓN DE LAS DROGAS TIPOS DE DROGAS DROGAS ILEGALES ENFERMEDADES SOCIALES DROGADICCIÓN TABAQUISMO FACTORES QUE CONDICIONAN EL CONSUMO DE DROGAS FACTORES SOCIALES FACTORES PSICOLÓGICO

Estilos y estrategias de aprendizaje en estudiantes de un programa de educación para adultos en la ciudad de Manizales

Maestría en Educación y Desarrollo Humano, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas.El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la relación entre los estilos y las estrategias de aprendizaje, sustentados en los autores Honey y Alonso, Román y Gallego, respectivamente, en un grupo de estudiantes de último ciclo, de un programa de educación para adultos de la ciudad de Manizales. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo correlacional enmarcado dentro de una investigación no experimental para el cual se realiza una caracterización, a partir de la aplicación de los cuestionarios CHAEA (Cuestionario Honey y Alonso de Estilos de Aprendizaje)y ACRA (Escalas valorativas: Adquisición, Codificación, Recuperación y Apoyo a la información)para estilos y estrategias de aprendizaje respectivamente, y tomando como insumo características sociodemográficas como género y edad, que en una población tan heterogénea poseen gran relevancia en el momento de interpretar la información, aunque éstas no sean significativamente influyentes según los resultados obtenidos

Efecto de la implementación de tres vermífugos contra parásitos gastrointestinales en rumiantes: Revisión de literatura

La parasitosis en los bovinos es un problema que ha acompañado a los ganaderos desde tiempos inmemorables, es por eso que cada año se llevan a cabo estudios en los que se invierten grandes sumas de dinero para tratar de mitigar un poco esta problemática mundial, sin embargo, la humanidad no ha encontrado la solución total del problema..

Hematological parameters in Oreochromis niloticus cultivated in tropical conditions in experimental farm Santo Domingo of University of Amazonia, Florencia, Caquetá, Colombia.

The hematological parameters were evaluated in the Oreochromis niloticus species, weighing between 120 and 375 g, where chemical standards of water were included (T °, pH and OD), morphometry and haematological diagnosis, carried out at the Santo Domingo Experimental Farm from the University of the Amazonia, Florencia - Caquetá-Colombia. A directed and completely random sampling of 32 individuals was used, the blood was extracted by cardiac puncture and placed in Eppendorf tubes with EDTA. Blood smears were stained with Ema staining color for its laboratory analysis. The InfoStat was applied as a statistical method for the analysis of the variables to be measured. A total of leukocytes of 1.11 celx105 / mm3 was found, predominating neutrophils with 49.3% followed by lymphocytes with 38.8%, monocytes with 5.9%, eosinophils with 4.3%, basophils with 1.7 % and thrombocytes with 63.8% as an independent series. For the red series, an average of erythrocytes of 1.5 celx106 / mm3, hemoglobin of 7.9 g / dL; hematocrit of 23.3%, plasma proteins 3.3 g / dL, mean corpuscular volume 165 (u3), mean corpuscular hemoglobin 55 (uug) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration of 33.3%. In conclusion, it was determined that some individuals presented Leukopenia with Lymphopenia and thrombocytosis. In addition, two individuals presented Normochromic Microcytic Anemia (AMN) and 19 individuals presented Normochromic Normocitic Anemia (ANN). The analysis of Total Plasma Proteins (PPT) determined that the high mortality rate was not due to nutritional deficiency. There was a positive similarity between the VCM and HCM, and negatively with the total number of erythrocytes.The hematological parameters were evaluated in the Oreochromis niloticus species, weighing between 120 and 375 g, where chemical standards of water were included (T °, pH and OD), morphometry and haematological diagnosis, carried out at the Santo Domingo Experimental Farm from the University of the Amazonia, Florencia - Caquetá-Colombia. A directed and completely random sampling of 32 individuals was used, the blood was extracted by cardiac puncture and placed in Eppendorf tubes with EDTA. Blood smears were stained with Ema staining color for its laboratory analysis. The InfoStat was applied as a statistical method for the analysis of the variables to be measured. A total of leukocytes of 1.11 celx105 / mm3 was found, predominating neutrophils with 49.3% followed by lymphocytes with 38.8%, monocytes with 5.9%, eosinophils with 4.3%, basophils with 1.7 % and thrombocytes with 63.8% as an independent series. For the red series, an average of erythrocytes of 1.5 celx106 / mm3, hemoglobin of 7.9 g / dL; hematocrit of 23.3%, plasma proteins 3.3 g / dL, mean corpuscular volume 165 (u3), mean corpuscular hemoglobin 55 (uug) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration of 33.3%. In conclusion, it was determined that some individuals presented Leukopenia with Lymphopenia and thrombocytosis. In addition, two individuals presented Normochromic Microcytic Anemia (AMN) and 19 individuals presented Normochromic Normocitic Anemia (ANN). The analysis of Total Plasma Proteins (PPT) determined that the high mortality rate was not due to nutritional deficiency. There was a positive similarity between the VCM and HCM, and negatively with the total number of erythrocyte

Hematological parameters in Oreochromis niloticus cultivated in tropical conditions in experimental farm Santo Domingo of University of Amazonia, Florencia, Caquetá, Colombia.

The hematological parameters were evaluated in the Oreochromis niloticus species, weighing between 120 and 375 g, where chemical standards of water were included (T °, pH and OD), morphometry and haematological diagnosis, carried out at the Santo Domingo Experimental Farm from the University of the Amazonia, Florencia - Caquetá-Colombia. A directed and completely random sampling of 32 individuals was used, the blood was extracted by cardiac puncture and placed in Eppendorf tubes with EDTA. Blood smears were stained with Ema staining color for its laboratory analysis. The InfoStat was applied as a statistical method for the analysis of the variables to be measured. A total of leukocytes of 1.11 celx105 / mm3 was found, predominating neutrophils with 49.3% followed by lymphocytes with 38.8%, monocytes with 5.9%, eosinophils with 4.3%, basophils with 1.7 % and thrombocytes with 63.8% as an independent series. For the red series, an average of erythrocytes of 1.5 celx106 / mm3, hemoglobin of 7.9 g / dL; hematocrit of 23.3%, plasma proteins 3.3 g / dL, mean corpuscular volume 165 (u3), mean corpuscular hemoglobin 55 (uug) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration of 33.3%. In conclusion, it was determined that some individuals presented Leukopenia with Lymphopenia and thrombocytosis. In addition, two individuals presented Normochromic Microcytic Anemia (AMN) and 19 individuals presented Normochromic Normocitic Anemia (ANN). The analysis of Total Plasma Proteins (PPT) determined that the high mortality rate was not due to nutritional deficiency. There was a positive similarity between the VCM and HCM, and negatively with the total number of erythrocytes.The hematological parameters were evaluated in the Oreochromis niloticus species, weighing between 120 and 375 g, where chemical standards of water were included (T °, pH and OD), morphometry and haematological diagnosis, carried out at the Santo Domingo Experimental Farm from the University of the Amazonia, Florencia - Caquetá-Colombia. A directed and completely random sampling of 32 individuals was used, the blood was extracted by cardiac puncture and placed in Eppendorf tubes with EDTA. Blood smears were stained with Ema staining color for its laboratory analysis. The InfoStat was applied as a statistical method for the analysis of the variables to be measured. A total of leukocytes of 1.11 celx105 / mm3 was found, predominating neutrophils with 49.3% followed by lymphocytes with 38.8%, monocytes with 5.9%, eosinophils with 4.3%, basophils with 1.7 % and thrombocytes with 63.8% as an independent series. For the red series, an average of erythrocytes of 1.5 celx106 / mm3, hemoglobin of 7.9 g / dL; hematocrit of 23.3%, plasma proteins 3.3 g / dL, mean corpuscular volume 165 (u3), mean corpuscular hemoglobin 55 (uug) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration of 33.3%. In conclusion, it was determined that some individuals presented Leukopenia with Lymphopenia and thrombocytosis. In addition, two individuals presented Normochromic Microcytic Anemia (AMN) and 19 individuals presented Normochromic Normocitic Anemia (ANN). The analysis of Total Plasma Proteins (PPT) determined that the high mortality rate was not due to nutritional deficiency. There was a positive similarity between the VCM and HCM, and negatively with the total number of erythrocyte

Impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 sobre o tratamento para cessação do tabagismo

Introduction: The new Coronavirus pandemic has had an impact on health systems worldwide. Smokers were directly affected by these changes. Objective: To measure the new Coronavirus pandemic impact on smoking cessation from the analysis of data from the Pernambuco State Tobacco Control Program. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study, using data from the monitoring strategy of the State Tobacco Control Program of the State Health Secretariat of Pernambuco (SES-PE) as the unit of analysis, comparing services in the second quarter of 2019 and 2020. Results: Between May and August 2019, 3.282 smoking patients sought treatment for smoking cessation in SUS, in Pernambuco. In a similar period, between the months of May and August of the year 2020, treatment for smoking cessation was sought by  680 smoking users, representing a drop of 79,28%. In addition, the  number of municipalities offering treatment for smoking cessation in SUS dropped from 97 to 36 (62,89%) and the number of primary health care units providing treatment for smoking cessation in SUS went from 277 to 80 (71,11%). Conclusions: The decrease in the offer of treatment by the State Program to Combat Smoking is worrying. Although its relation with COVID-19 has not been fully elucidated, the cessation of tobacco use has already established benefts. Thus, it is necessary to encourage the adoption of new strategies and  technologies, using the window of opportunity that the fear of COVID-19/smoking association created.Introdução: A pandemia do novo coronavírus teve repercussões no funcionamento dos sistemas de saúde do mundo inteiro. O tabagista foi um grupo diretamente afetado por essas mudanças. Objetivo: Mensurar esse impacto a partir da análise dos dados do Programa Estadual de Controle ao Tabagismo de Pernambuco. Método: Estudo descritivo transversal, utilizando como unidades de análise dados da estratégia de monitoramento do Programa Estadual de Controle aoTabagismo da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Pernambuco (SES-PE), comparando os atendimentos no segundo quadrimestre dos anos de 2019 e 2020. Resultados: Entre maio e agosto de 2019, 3.282 pacientes tabagistas buscaram tratamento para cessação do tabagismo no SUS, em Pernambuco. Em período similar, entre os meses de maio e agosto do ano de 2020, o tratamento para cessação do tabagismo foi procurado por 680 usuários tabagistas, representando uma queda de 79,28%. Além disso, o número de municípios oferecendo tratamento para cessação do tabagismo no SUS caiu de 97 para 36 (62,89%) e o número de unidades de saúde da atenção básica realizando tratamento para cessação do tabagismo no SUS de 277 para 80 (71,11%). Conclusões: A diminuição da oferta do tratamento pelo Programa Estadual de Combate ao Tabagismo é preocupante. Ainda que a sua relação com a COVID-19 não esteja completamente elucidada, a cessação do uso do tabaco traz benefícios já bem estabelecidos. Dessa forma, é necessário incentivar a adoção de novas estratégias e tecnologias, aproveitando a janela de oportunidade que o temor da associação COVID-19/tabagismo criou.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis due to vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia in middle-income countries

Background: Adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccines are extensively used in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Remarkably, cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis due to vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (CVST-VITT) have rarely been reported from LMICs. Aims: We studied the frequency, manifestations, treatment, and outcomes of CVST-VITT in LMICs. Methods: We report data from an international registry on CVST after COVID-19 vaccination. VITT was classified according to the Pavord criteria. We compared CVST-VITT cases from LMICs to cases from high-income countries (HICs). Results: Until August 2022, 228 CVST cases were reported, of which 63 were from LMICs (all middle-income countries [MICs]: Brazil, China, India, Iran, Mexico, Pakistan, Turkey). Of these 63, 32 (51%) met the VITT criteria, compared to 103 of 165 (62%) from HICs. Only 5 of the 32 (16%) CVST-VITT cases from MICs had definite VITT, mostly because anti-platelet factor 4 antibodies were often not tested. The median age was 26 (interquartile range [IQR] 20–37) versus 47 (IQR 32–58) years, and the proportion of women was 25 of 32 (78%) versus 77 of 103 (75%) in MICs versus HICs, respectively. Patients from MICs were diagnosed later than patients from HICs (1/32 [3%] vs. 65/103 [63%] diagnosed before May 2021). Clinical manifestations, including intracranial hemorrhage, were largely similar as was intravenous immunoglobulin use. In-hospital mortality was lower in MICs (7/31 [23%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 11–40]) than in HICs (44/102 [43%, 95% CI 34–53], p = 0.039). Conclusions: The number of CVST-VITT cases reported from LMICs was small despite the widespread use of adenoviral vaccines. Clinical manifestations and treatment of CVST-VITT cases were largely similar in MICs and HICs, while mortality was lower in patients from MICs.</p