The perceptions of SME owner-managers relating to ethics and online business practices : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management in Management at Massey University

The Internet has created many new opportunities for small-to-medium sized enterprises (SMEs) and many of these firms are encountering external pressure to have an online presence. E-commerce, however, brings a series of ethical challenges for many businesses, notably issues relating to privacy and security. These ethical challenges need to be met by SME owner-managers in order to ensure that their business competes and survives in today's hyper-competitive environment. To date, there is very little research on ethics and online business, and the focus of this study was to investigate ethical perceptions of SME owner-managers relating to online business practices. The study was qualitative in nature and involved semi-structured interviews with twelve owner-managers of Wellington based SMEs that had an online presence. The exploratory nature of the study meant that rich data was obtained from the twelve interviewees and the findings were grouped into three main themes for discussion, the importance of e-commerce, the underlying values and risk-tolerance of the participant owner-manager and, participant perception of ethical online issues such as privacy, security, intellectual property (IP) and online trust. The importance of e-commerce both now and in the future was highlighted by the owner-managers, and there was also a diverse range of ethical concerns that they had with online business. These findings and subsequent discussion allowed for some interesting conclusions to be made. The complex changing nature of online ethics is highlighted, as well the notion that stakeholders have an important influence on the online ethical framework. This study also concludes that there is a gap between current legislation and an awareness of how this impacts on the owner-managers business. There is also a 'disconnect' between thought and action on the part of the owner-manager in terms addressing some of their online ethical concerns

Semi-metal and base metal mobility in the metasedimentary contact aureole surrounding the Dublin Gulch reduced intrusion-related gold system (RIRGS), Yukon, Canada

Precious, semi-, and base metals have been shown to be mobilised from metasedimentary rocks during prograde metamorphism. These form an important source of metals for orogenic gold systems. Similar metal enrichments are observed in reduced intrusion-related gold systems (RIRGS) hosted in the Selwyn basin area. However, no assessment has previously been attempted to determine whether prograde metamorphism of the surrounding metasediments could represent an important metals source for RIRGS. In this study, we focus on the availability and mobilisation of semi- and base metals through mineral reactions occurring in the contact aureole around the Dublin Gulch RIRGS. Pyrite and chlorite are observed in the regionally metamorphosed rocks dominating the semi- and base metals budget. During contact metamorphism, these recrystallise to pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite, and biotite, respectively. These mineral phases contain significantly lower concentrations of metals, compared to their precursor minerals (except Cu and Zn in chalcopyrite). Whole rock geochemistry shows that relative to the contact metamorphosed rocks, the regionally metamorphosed rocks are enriched in As, Sb, Te, Bi, Pb, Zn, and H2O. This suggests, mobilisation of these elements has occurred, possibly as a metal-rich fluid that could provide an alternative or additional metal source for RIRGS

Multi-stage precipitation and redistribution of gold, and its collection by lead-bismuth and lead immiscible liquids in a reduced-intrusion related gold system (RIRGS); Dublin Gulch, western Canada

Dublin Gulch reduced intrusion-related gold system (RIRGS), located in the Selwyn Basin area of western Canada, represents one of the best examples of RIRGS mineralization globally and hence can be studied to unravel genesis and evolution of these types of deposits. Based on textural relationships, mineralogy, and trace element mineral chemistry, three auriferous vein stages were identified. The paragenetic sequence for the auriferous vein stages are: 1) Eagle Style (ES), quartz-albite, low sulfide and sulfosalt content (30% vol.), As-Fe-W-Pb-Bi-Au-Ag veins; and, 3) Potato Hills Style-2 (PHS-2), high sulfide and sulfosalt content (>30% vol.), Fe-Pb-Sb-Zn-Cu-Au-Ag veins. In the ES and PHS-1 veins, Au is present both as native gold (Au, Ag) and as invisible gold in arsenopyrite, whilst in the PHS-2 veins, Au is present as invisible gold in pyrite. Native gold micrograins (individual grains, 1–100’sμm in size) are observed associated with Pb minerals [in anhedral-to-globular cosalite (Pb2Bi2S5) in ES veins, or galena (PbS) in the PHS-1 veins]. Native gold is also observed as micrograins along arsenopyrite margins and in quartz fractures. We suggest a variation on the hydrothermal Bi melt collector model to explain the Au-Pb ± Bi association. The Au, Ag, Pb, and Bi are interpreted to have been locally remobilized from arsenopyrite, which shows textures and trace element distribution patterns consistent with fluid-and-deformation assisted recrystallization. We suggest Pb and Bi were mobilized either as immiscible nanodroplets that coalesced to form larger Pb ± Bi liquid accumulations or into the hydrothermal fluid and subsequently exsolved to form immiscible Pb ± Bi liquids. We propose that remobilized Au and Ag were collected by these Pb+/-Bi immiscible liquids. Subsequent retrograde alteration (sulfidation) is interpreted to have converted the Au-Ag-Pb ± Bi alloys to native gold and cosalite (ES), and native gold and galena mineral assemblages (PHS-1). The similarity of the Au/Ag ratios in native gold and arsenopyrite supports a local source for the native gold micrograins. Temperatures required to attain liquid Pb0.5Bi0.5 (>145.2°C) and Pb (>327.5°C), are consistent with arsenopyrite geothermometry (ES 345–405°C; PHS-1≈380°C). These suggested new variations (Pb-Bi and Pb) on the hydrothermal melt (Bi) collector model are important, given the common association of native gold with Pb ± Bi sulfosalts in many gold deposits, and the relatively low temperatures required to maintain these liquids and collect Au from the hydrothermal fluid

Latitude 2012 Big Screen Film Gallery

BIG SCREEN and FILM GALLERY 2012 Produced by Louise Colbourne with assistance from Jim Hobbs, Paul Burgess, DJ Harry K, and No.w.here. In association LUX, Cine-city film festival and the Supernormal Festival. The Big Screen and Film Gallery will run for the three days of the Latitude Festival from 13-15th July 2012. The Big Screen will feature a selection of different artist’s film and video work each evening, and will then go on to show-case experimental film, alternative sound-tracks and re-workings of classic cinema footage. Also there will be late night VJ’s and DJ’s. Each day of the festival will have a loose theme to anchor the selected works in sequence and bring a focus on the possible relationship between the various and varied works on show. Friday will be entitled CUT-UP and will present montage, collage, and the experimental clash of ‘alternative’ sound-track with moving image. Artists such as Malcolm Le Grice, Jeff Keen, Laure Prouvost, David Blandy, Keran James, Philip Hausmeier, Karen Mirza & Brad Butler, People Like Us and Mordant Music’s re-sound-tracking of a selection of BBC information films, are selected for the programme. Plus a section from ‘Old Films New Music’ by DJ Harry K to include re-sound-tracking of vintage cinema footage. VJ/DJ by David Wilson and DJ Harry K Saturday will be entitled OUT OF THIS WORLD and will include the surreal, abstracted, ethereal and other-worldly within moving image. From the work of older experimental film makers such as Bunuel & Dali and Len Lye, through to contemporary artists to include Rosa Barba, Semiconductor, Sebastian Buerkner, Benedict Drew, Saskia Olde Wolbers, Emma Hart, Kevin Gaffney, Ian Helliwell, Tim Simmons Annie Whiles and many others. VJ/DJ by Jay Dee (DFA records) and Jim Hobbs Sunday will be entitled Big Screen SHEBEEN and will include a selection of artist’s film and video that have a connection to music and/or dance. Artist’s include: Tracey Emin, Luke Losey, Pipilotti Rist and others to include an animation selection by Kate Street. Plus newly commissioned by Nick Cave: a selection of films by Iain Forsyth & Jane Pollard will also feature, alongside a selection of experimental music promos by Squint. Don Letts and Paul Burgess will present a selection of film and video footage showcasing their Reggae and Punk archives to include rare footage of The Clash. Plus a DJ set from Don Letts. The Film Gallery will focus on artist’s 16mm and 8mm film work and will include curated programmes and events by No.w.here, Jim Hobbs and Louise Colbourne to include a wide variety of artists work from early experimental film to the work of contemporary artists to include, James Holcombe, Nick Collins, Melanie Council, Oliver Bancroft, Zoe Brown and Jenny Baines

Solution, structural and photophysical aspects of substituent effects in the N^N ligand in [Ir(C^N)2(N^N)]+ complexes

The syntheses and properties of a series of eleven new [Ir(ppy)2(N^N)][PF6] complexes (Hppy = 2-phenylpyridine) are reported. The N^N ligands are based on 2,2-bipyridine (bpy), substituted in the 6- or 5-positions with groups that are structurally and electronically diverse. All but two of the N^N ligands incorporate an aromatic ring, designed to facilitate intra-cation face-to-face π-interactions between the N^N and one [ppy](-) ligand. Within the set of ligands, 6-(3-tolyl)-2,2'-bipyridine (5), 4,6-bis(4-nitrophenyl)-2,2'-bipyridine (9), and 4,6-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,2'-bipyridine (10) are new and their characterization includes single crystal structures of 9, and two polymorphs of 10. A representative [Ir(ppy)2(N^O)](+) complex is also described. We report solution NMR spectroscopic, photophysical and electrochemical properties of the complexes, as well as representative solid-state structural data. The solution (1)H NMR spectroscopic data illustrate different dynamic processes involving the substituents attached to the bpy domain in the ligands. In degassed MeCN and at room temperature, the [Ir(ppy)2(N^N)][PF6] complexes are orange emitters with λ(em)max in the range 575 to 608 nm; however, quantum yields are very low. The most promising complexes were evaluated in light-emitting electrochemical cells leading to bright and stable devices with rather good external quantum efficiencies