Evaluation of neuromuscular indicators in volleyball players in different periodization stages

The understanding of athletes’ physical capacities in collective modalities during the training stages is important in the organization of sports preparation. So points up, the skeletal muscle adaptation capacity to systematized training is resulting mostly by neuromuscular alterations. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of a training program on neuromuscular variables, in volleyball athletes, in differents periodization stages. Participated of the study 12 women volleyball athletes, with 18.92±0.76 years, at least two years staff volleyball participation. The total training period was 40 weeks and after initial evaluation clinic and anthropometric, the volunteers were submitted to speed resistance test protocol to determined maximum, average and minimum power, using Forward-Backward (Borin et al, 2003) test, in different moments of periodization: Preparatory stage (M1); Pre-competitive (M2); Competitive-I (M3) and Competitive-II (M4). The collected data were kept in computational bank and produced information in descriptive way (measures of centrality and dispersion) and for inferential (variance analyses for the model with a supplemented factor with the test of multiple comparisons of Tukey). With respect to average power, there was a increase from M1 (53.95±6.85 w) to M2 (61.16±10.32 w), and then a decrease in M3 (58.98±8.64 w); finally a increase in M4 (61.84±7.14 w). The results indicate that there were positive changes in the average power during the training, pointing to the highest values in important stages of the periodization, the competitive phase

Training program influences the relation between functional and neuromuscular performance indicators during the season in young soccer players

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a training program on the relation between performance indicators of different physical capacities intra and inter functional and neuromuscular systems at different times of the season. Subjects were 16 young soccer players with an average age of 16.5±0.4 years. The study was carried out for 17 weeks, including three assessment moments (T1: 1st, T2: 10th and T3: 17th week). High correlation was found between indicators of neuromuscular predominance (30 meters sprint test (30m) and Maximum Sprint (MaxSprint) (RAST) in T1) (r=0.93, p≤0.001), functional (Sprints Average (MidSprint) and Minimal Sprint (MinSprint) (RAST) in T1, T2 and T3; MinSprint and Fatigue Index (FI) (RAST) in T3) (r=0.95, 0.85, 0.91; −0.86, p≤0.001, respectively) and between functional and neuromuscular indicators (30m and MidSprint in T1; 30m and MinSprint in T1; MaxSprint and MidSprint in T1 and T2 and MaxSprint and MinSprint in T1) (r=0.95, 0.93, 0.96, 0.84, 0.87, p≤0.001, respectively). The training contents had influence on the correlation of performance indicators at different times of the season

Effect of diferents methods of recovery on the lactate removal and anaerobic performance in soccer players

INTRODUCTION: Soccer is characterized as a sport of high intensity, performed intermittently and with random sequences of periods of effort and recovery; thus, strategies that can somehow minimize muscle fatigue can provide an important competitive advantage. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare different methods of recovery with the removal of blood lactate (La-) and anaerobic performance of soccer players. METHODS: Twenty-three male soccer players between 16 and 17 years were divided into three groups: active recovery (RA), passive recovery (RP) and ice recovery (RG). To assess the aerobic capacity the critical speed was used, and for the induction of hyperlactacidemia and anaerobic performance the RAST test was applied before (T1) and after (T2) the recovery intervals. The measurements of blood La- were made at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 minutes during the recovery period. The one-way ANOVA was used to compare the variables that characterize the groups. A two-way ANOVA was performed for comparison between the peak and minimum values of blood La- and anaerobic performance at T1 and T2 for the three recovery conditions. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between T1 and T2 for maximum and average power in the studied groups (p>0.05). It was observed greater removal of blood La- (47.62%) for the RA when compared to RG (16.9%; p = 0.001) and RP (18.20%; p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: RA, RP and RG are effective to maintain the anaerobic performance of soccer players under 17. Active recovery was shown more efficient for removing the blood La- when compared to RP and RG.INTRODUÇÃO: O futebol é caracterizado como uma modalidade com intensidades elevadas, realizado de forma intermitente e com sequências aleatórias de fases de esforço e recuperação, dessa forma estratégias que possam de alguma forma minimizar a fadiga muscular, pode fornecer uma importante vantagem competitiva. OBJETIVO: O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar diferentes tipos de métodos de recuperação sobre remoção de lactato (La-) sanguíneo e desempenho anaeróbio de futebolistas. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 23 atletas de futebol entre 16 e 17 anos do sexo masculino, divididos em três grupos: recuperação ativa (RA), passiva (RP) e com gelo (RG). Para a avaliação da capacidade aeróbia foi utilizada a velocidade crítica e para a indução da hiperlactacidemia e desempenho anaeróbio foi utilizando o teste de RAST, aplicado antes (T1) e após (T2) os intervalos de recuperação. As dosagens de La- sanguíneo ocorreram nos minutos dois, quatro, seis, oito e 10 durante a recuperação. A análise de variância ANOVA one-way foi utilizada para a comparação entre as variáveis de caracterização dos grupos. A ANOVA two-way foi realizada para a comparação entre os valores pico e mínimo de La- sanguíneo e o desempenho anaeróbio no T1 e T2 para as três condições de recuperação. RESULTADOS: Não foi verificada diferença significante entre T1 e T2 para a potência máxima e média em nenhum dos grupos estudados (p > 0,05). Foi verificada maior remoção do La- sanguíneo para a RA (47,62%), quando comparada a RG (16,9%; p = 0,001) e a RP (18,20%; p = 0,02). CONCLUSÃO: Pode-se concluir que a RA, RP e RG são eficazes para manutenção do desempenho anaeróbio de jogadores de futebol sub-17. A recuperação ativa se demonstrou mais eficiente para a remoção do La- sanguíneo quando comparada a RP e RG.INTRODUCCIÓN: El fútbol se caracteriza como siendo una modalidad con altas intensidades, realizado de modo intermitente y con secuencias aleatorias de fases de esfuerzo y recuperación; de esta manera, las estrategias, que de alguna forma puedan minimizar la fatiga muscular, pueden dar una importante ventaja competitiva. OBJETIVO: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar tipos diferentes de métodos de recuperación sobre la remoción de lactato (La-) sanguíneo y el desempeño anaeróbico de futbolistas. MÉTODOS: La muestra se compuso de 23 atletas de fútbol, entre 16 y 17 años, del sexo masculino, divididos en tres grupos: recuperación activa (RA), pasiva (RP) y con hielo (RH). Para la evaluación de la capacidad anaeróbica se utilizó la velocidad crítica, y para la inducción de la hiperlactacidemia y el desempeño anaeróbico se usó la prueba de RAST, aplicada antes (T1) y después (T2) de los intervalos de recuperación. Las dosificaciones de La- sanguíneo ocurrieron en los minutos dos, cuatro, seis, ocho y diez durante la recuperación. El análisis de variancia ANOVA one-way fue utilizado para la comparación entre las variables de caracterización de los grupos. La ANOVA two-way se hizo para la comparación entre los valores pico y mínimo de La- sanguíneo y el desempeño anaeróbico, en el T1 y T2, para las tres condiciones de recuperación. RESULTADOS: No se verificó diferencia significativa entre T1 y T2 para la potencia máxima y media en cualquiera de los grupos estudiados (p > 0,05). Fue verificada más remoción del La- sanguíneo para la RA (47,62%), al ser comparada a la RH (16,9%; p = 0,001) y la RP (18,20%; p = 0,02). CONCLUSIÓN: Se puede concluir que la RA, RP y RH son eficaces para el mantenimiento del desempeño anaeróbico de jugadores de fútbol sub-17. La recuperación activa se mostró más eficiente para la remoción del La- sanguíneo en comparación con la RP y la RH.42342

Quality of life, sexual function, and bariatric surgery: a systematic review

BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with numerous comorbidities and affects various aspects of life, including quality of life (QOL) and sexual function (SF). Bariatric surgery (BS) is an effective treatment for obese people. Also QOL and SF after BS in the people are not well known. AIMS: To provide insight in the available prospective evidence regarding the short and long-term effects of BS on QOL and SF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic multi-database search was conducted for ‘quality of life’, ‘Sexual function’ and ‘Bariatric surgery’. Only prospective studies with QOL or SF before and after BS were included. The ‘quality assessment tool for before–after studies with no control group’ was used to assess the methodological quality. RESULTS: Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were assessed to be of ‘fair’ to ‘good’ methodological quality. Seven different questionnaires were used to measure both QOL and SF. A significant increase in QOL after BS and light increase in SF were found in all studies (P≤0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both QOL and SF are increased after BS on both the short and long term. However, due to the heterogeneity of the studies and the generality of the questionnaires are them hard to make a distinction among different BS and difficult to see a relation with medical profit. Therefore, designing QOL and SF measurements to the post BS population are recommended as the focus of future studies

Association of skeletal muscle and serum metabolites with maximum power output gains in response to continuous endurance or high-intensity interval training programs: The TIMES study - A randomized controlled trial

Recent studies have begun to identify the molecular determinants of inter-individual variability of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in response to exercise training programs. However, we still have an incomplete picture of the molecular mechanisms underlying trainability in response to exercise training. Objective We investigated baseline serum and skeletal muscle metabolomics profile and its associations with maximal power output (MPO) gains in response to 8-week of continuous endurance training (ET) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) programs matched for total units of exercise performed (the TIMES study). Methods Eighty healthy sedentary young adult males were randomized to one of three groups and 70 were defined as completers (> 90% of sessions): ET (n = 30), HIIT (n = 30) and control (CO, n = 10). For the CO, participants were asked to not exercise for 8 weeks. Serum and skeletal muscle samples were analyzed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The targeted screens yielded 43 serum and 70 muscle reproducible metabolites (intraclass > 0.75; coefficient of variation < 25%). Associations of baseline metabolites with MPO trainability were explored within each training program via three analytical strategies: (1) correlations with gains in MPO; (2) differences between high and low responders to ET and HIIT; and (3) metabolites contributions to the most significant pathways related to gains in MPO. The significance level was set at P < 0.01 or false discovery rate of 0.1. Results The exercise programs generated similar gains in MPO (ET = 21.4 +/- 8.0%; HIIT = 24.3 +/- 8.5%). MPO associated baseline metabolites supported by all three levels of evidence were: serum glycerol, muscle alanine, proline, threonine, creatinine, AMP and pyruvate for ET, and serum lysine, phenylalanine, creatine, and muscle glycolate for HIIT. The most common pathways suggested by the metabolite profiles were aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. Conclusion We suggest that MPO gains in both programs are potentially associated with metabolites indicative of baseline amino acid and translation processes with additional evidence for carbohydrate metabolism in ET142CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP149201/2015-0; 140302/2018-288881.135219/2016-012018/24108-9; 2016/057417Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2018/24108-9, 2016/057417]; Support Fund for Teaching, Research and Extension (FAEPEX) [2021/16]; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [149201/2015-0, 140302/2018-2]; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (PDSE-CAPES) [88881.135219/2016-01]; COBRE center grant from the U.S.A. National Institutes of HealthUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA [NIH8 1P30GM118430-02]; NIH-funded COBRE grantUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA [NIH 8P30GM118430-01]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of HealthUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [2 U54 GM104940

Resistance exercise leading to failure versus not to failure : effects on cardiovascular control

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the acute effects of resistance exercise (RE) leading to failure and RE that was not to failure on 24 h blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) in sedentary normotensive adult women. Methods: Ten women (33.2 ± 5.8 years; 159.3 ± 9.4 cm; 58.0 ±6.4 kg; body fat 28.4 ± 2.8%) randomly underwent three experimental sessions: control (40 minutes of seated rest), RE leading to failure with 3 sets of 10 repetitions maximum (10-RM), and RE not to failure at 60% of 10-RM with 3 sets of 10 repetitions. Immediately post session BP and HRV were measured for 24 h. Results: Ratings of perceived exertion and heart rate were higher during the 10-RM session when compared with 60% of 10-RM (6.4 ± 0.5 vs 3.5 ± 0.8 and 123.7 ± 13.9 vs 104.5 ± 7.3 bpm, respectively). The systolic, diastolic and mean BP decreased at 07:00 a.m. after the 10-RM session when compared with the control session (−9.0 ± 7.8 mmHg, -16.0 ± 12.9 mmHg and −14.3 ± 11.2 mmHg, respectively). The root mean square of the squared differences between R-R intervals decreased after both the 60% of 10-RM and 10-RM sessions compared with the control session. Conclusions: An acute RE session leading to failure induced a higher drop of BP upon awakening, while both RE sessions reduced cardiac parasympathetic modulation. RE may be an interesting training strategy to acutely decrease BP in adult women

Effect of oat bran on time to exhaustion, glycogen content and serum cytokine profile following exhaustive exercise

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oat bran supplementation on time to exhaustion, glycogen stores and cytokines in rats submitted to training. The animals were divided into 3 groups: sedentary control group (C), an exercise group that received a control chow (EX) and an exercise group that received a chow supplemented with oat bran (EX-O). Exercised groups were submitted to an eight weeks swimming training protocol. In the last training session, the animals performed exercise to exhaustion, (e.g. incapable to continue the exercise). After the euthanasia of the animals, blood, muscle and hepatic tissue were collected. Plasma cytokines and corticosterone were evaluated. Glycogen concentrations was measured in the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles, and liver. Glycogen synthetase-α gene expression was evaluated in the soleus muscle. Statistical analysis was performed using a factorial ANOVA. Time to exhaustion of the EX-O group was 20% higher (515 ± 3 minutes) when compared with EX group (425 ± 3 minutes) (p = 0.034). For hepatic glycogen, the EX-O group had a 67% higher concentrations when compared with EX (p = 0.022). In the soleus muscle, EX-O group presented a 59.4% higher glycogen concentrations when compared with EX group (p = 0.021). TNF-α was decreased, IL-6, IL-10 and corticosterone increased after exercise, and EX-O presented lower levels of IL-6, IL-10 and corticosterone levels in comparison with EX group. It was concluded that the chow rich in oat bran increase muscle and hepatic glycogen concentrations. The higher glycogen storage may improve endurance performance during training and competitions, and a lower post-exercise inflammatory response can accelerate recovery