Cech and de Rham Cohomology of Integral Forms

We present a study on the integral forms and their Cech/de Rham cohomology. We analyze the problem from a general perspective of sheaf theory and we explore examples in superprojective manifolds. Integral forms are fundamental in the theory of integration in supermanifolds. One can define the integral forms introducing a new sheaf containing, among other objects, the new basic forms delta(dtheta) where the symbol delta has the usual formal properties of Dirac's delta distribution and acts on functions and forms as a Dirac measure. They satisfy in addition some new relations on the sheaf. It turns out that the enlarged sheaf of integral and "ordinary" superforms contains also forms of "negative degree" and, moreover, due to the additional relations introduced, its cohomology is, in a non trivial way, different from the usual superform cohomology.Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX, we expanded the introduction, we add a complete analysis of the cohomology and we derive a new duality between cohomology group

Balanced superprojective varieties

We first review the definition of superprojective spaces from the functor-of-points perspective. We derive the relation between superprojective spaces and supercosets in the framework of the theory of sheaves. As an application of the geometry of superprojective spaces, we extend Donaldson\u2019s definition of balanced manifolds to supermanifolds and we derive the new conditions of a balanced supermanifold. We apply the construction to superpoints viewed as submanifolds of superprojective spaces. We conclude with a list of open issues and interesting problems that can be addressed in the present context

Margetuximab with retifanlimab as first-line therapy in HER2+/PD-L1+ unresectable or metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: MAHOGANY cohort A

BACKGROUND: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) is globally treated with chemotherapy plus trastuzumab. Novel therapeutic strategies strive to not only optimize efficacy, but also limit toxicities. In MAHOGANY cohort A, margetuximab, an Fc-engineered, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) was combined with retifanlimab, an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 mAb, in the first-line HER2-positive/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive GEA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: MAHOGANY cohort A part 1 is a single-arm trial to evaluate margetuximab plus retifanlimab in patients with HER2 immunohistochemistry 3+, PD-L1-positive (combined positive score ≥1%), and non-microsatellite instability-high tumors. Primary objectives for cohort A were safety/tolerability and the confirmed objective response rate (ORR). RESULTS: As of 3 August 2021, 43 patients were enrolled and received margetuximab/retifanlimab. Nine grade 3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were reported in eight (18.6%) patients and eight serious TRAEs in seven (16.3%) patients. There were no grade 4/5 TRAEs. Three patients discontinued margetuximab/retifanlimab because of immune-related adverse events. The ORR by independent assessment was 53% [21/40 (95% confidence interval (CI) 36.1-68.5)], with a median duration of response of 10.3 months (95% CI 4.6-not evaluable); disease control rate was 73% [29/40 (95% CI 56.1-85.4)]. The study sponsor discontinued the study in advance of the planned enrollment when it became apparent that the study design would no longer meet the requirements for drug approval because of recent advances in the treatment of GEA. CONCLUSIONS: The chemotherapy-free regimen of combined margetuximab/retifanlimab as first-line treatment in double biomarker-selected patients demonstrated a favorable toxicity profile compared with historical outcomes using chemotherapy plus trastuzumab. The ORR observed in this study compares favorably versus ORR observed with other chemotherapy-free approaches

Ultrarelativistic circular orbits of spinning particles in a Schwarzschild field

Ultrarelativistic circular orbits of spinning particles in a Schwarzschild field described by the Mathisson-Papapetrou equations are considered. The preliminary estimates of the possible synchrotron electromagnetic radiation of highly relativistic protons and electrons on these orbits in the gravitational field of a black hole are presentedComment: 9 page

Individual Behavioral differences and health of golden-headed lion tamarins, Leontopithecus chrysomelas

Individual behavioral differences may influence how animals cope with altered environments. Depending on their behavioral traits, individuals may thus vary in how their health is affected by environmental conditions. We investigated the relationship between individual behavior of free-living golden-headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) responding to a novel object (to assess exploration-avoidance), and their habitat use and health status (endoparasitism; clinical measures: biometric data, heart rate, respiratory frequency, and temperature; fecal glucocorticoid metabolites). As parasite transmission can be affected by individual variation in social contact and social grooming, we also evaluated whether more sociable individuals show higher endoparasite loads compared with less sociable animals. Four groups living in landscapes with different levels of human disturbance were investigated: two in degraded forest fragments in an agricultural matrix (DFAM-higher disturbance), and two in a cocoa agroforestry system (cabruca-lower disturbance) in the Atlantic forest of South Bahia, Brazil. Using a subjective ratings approach, highly correlated adjective descriptors were combined to produce z-score ratings of one derived variable ("confidence"), which was selected to characterize the tamarins' exploration/avoidance responses during a novel object test. The higher the confidence score, the longer female tamarins spent foraging for prey independent of landscape, and the greater their body mass independent of sex and landscape. Only DFAM individuals showed intestinal parasite infection. Endoparasite loads were positively correlated with the number of grooming partners, suggesting an association between social grooming and transmission (more groomers = more endoparasites). Individual behavior, including in a test situation, may thus have some predictive value for behavior in a free-living context, and for its health consequences

Ozonolisi in ossidazione biologica: un caso studio a scala reale

Nell’ambito del progetto PerFORM WATER 2030, finanziato da Regione Lombardia, è stato eseguito uno studio a scala reale del processo di ozonolisi in ossidazione biologica per minimizzare la produzione dei fanghi di supero. Lo studio, condotto presso un depuratore del Nord Italia avente potenzialità di 30.000 AE, ha previsto il dosaggio di ozono in una vasca a fanghi attivi avente volume utile di 450 m3, alimentata ad ossigeno puro, con tempi di ritenzione idraulica dell’ordine di 6-8 ore e carichi applicati dell’ordine di 0,05-0,10 gBOD5/gSSV/d. La sperimentazione ha permesso di ottenere una riduzione media dei fanghi da smaltire di circa il 39% a fronte di un dosaggio di ozono testato medio di 5-8 gO3/kgSST, con corrispondente dosaggio utile di 90 gO3/kgSSTevitati e una riduzione della produzione specifica dei fanghi (Yobs) da 0,67 a 0,42 kgSST/kgCODrimosso. La riduzione della produzione dei fanghi è corrisposta ad una riduzione media della resa cellulare YH, misurata mediante test respirometrici, da 0,68 a 0,53 gCODSSV/gCOD. Il trattamento di ozonolisi ha determinato inoltre un miglioramento della qualità dell’effluente e una maggiore sedimentabilità dei fanghi, aspetto confermato anche dai riscontri analitici delle osservazioni sul fango attivo al microscopio ottico. Tutti i risultati ottenuti durante l’attività sperimentale hanno escluso possibili effetti inibenti dell’ozonolisi sulla biomassa autotrofa ed eterotrofa. In merito alla biomassa autotrofa le conte dei batteri nitrificanti (AOB+NOB, batteri ammonio ossidanti e nitrito ossidanti) e ulteriori approfondimenti con analisi FISH, non hanno evidenziato variazioni sulla consistenza delle popolazioni con il processo di ozonolisi attivo; test respirometrici hanno rilevato, al contrario, un significativo aumento delle cinetiche di nitrificazione con il processo di ozonolisi attivo (tasso di nitrificazione 1,6-3,3 volte superiore). I risultati ottenuti hanno permesso di svolgere una valutazione di sostenibilità economica del processo, la quale ha evidenziato come il vantaggio economico di tale processo cresca con il costo specifico di smaltimento dei fanghi umidi e la capacità dell’impianto.As part of the perFORM WATER 2030 project, funded by the Lombardy Region, a full-scale study was carried out for the application of the ozonolysis process in biological oxidation to minimize the production of waste activated sludge. The study, conducted at a 30,000 PE WWTP (Population Equivalent, Wastewater Treatment Plant) in Northern Italy, involved the ozone dosage in an activated sludge tank with an effective volume of 450 m3 , fed with pure oxygen, with hydraulic retention times of the order of 6-8 hours and an organic loading rate of 0.05-0.1 gBOD5 /gVSS/d. The data collected highlighted an average reduction of the sludge to be disposed of about 39% using an average tested ozone dosage of 5-8 gO3 /kgTSS with a corresponding dosage of 90 gO3 / gTSSavoided and a reduction in specific sludge production (Yobs) from 0.67 to 0.42 gTSS/gCODremoved. The reduction in sludge production has corresponded to an average reduction in yield heterotrophic biomass YH , measured by respirometric tests, from 0.68 to 0.53 gCODSSV/gCOD. The ozonolysis treatment has also led to an improvement in the quality of the effluent and increased the sludge settleability, also confirmed by the optical microscope observation of the activated sludge. All the results obtained during the experimental activity excluded any possible inhibitory effects of ozonolysis on autotrophic and heterotrophic biomass. Concerning autotrophic biomass, nitrifying bacteria counts (AOB+NOB, Ammonia and Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria) and further investigation with FISH analysis, showed no variation on populations consistence caused by the ozonolysis process; by contrast, a significant increase in nitrification kinetics was observed (nitrification rate 1.6-3.3 times higher). The results obtained were used to assess the economic sustainability of the process which highlighted how the economic advantage of this process increases with the specific cost of disposal of wet sludge and the capacity of the WWTP