Evolution of urban models in a mediterranean coastal area. An effective aproach for delimiting urban typologíes

Aims The Western Costa del Sol (Malaga, Spain) has been developed as a very dynamic environment since the middle of the s. XX. Its landscape is characterized by the intense anthropization derived from tourism and the consequent urbanization. The physical environment variety and the different ways of human occupation have generated a wide range of urban typologies, which lead to a diverse landscape. Since the landscape is one of the main assets of this coastal area, the aims of the present work are (a) to categorize the urban typologies, (b) to identify the predominant construction models in each period, and (c) to relate each urban typology with socioeconomic variables. Methods In the present work, the different stages of the urbanization process of Marbella (Spain) are characterized based on some of the most representative variables of urban habitability, such as vegetation density, construction density, road density, building height and distance to the urban core. Data obtained from the official Spanish Cadastre and remote sensing were treated by spatial analysis tools to create layers, which combined with socioeconomic variables and date of construction are able to delimit urban typologies. The relationship between each urban typology and the socioeconomic level of the inhabitants is also explored. This approach allowed us to accurately distinguish and map urban typologies at a municipality scale. Several periods since the mid-twentieth century were distinguished and mapped. Each period had specific urban characteristics, which are also connected to a certain socioeconomic level and a landscape value. Conclusion Different predominant typologies are recognized in the different recent stages of Marbella and they directly influence it urban landscape. The proposed procedure is a useful tool to accurately assess changes in urban areas, so it may be used in landscape assessment research.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Biblioteca española : tomo primero que contiene la noticia de los escritores rabinos españoles ...

Copia digital. Valladolid : Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Cultura y Turismo, 2009-2010Texto en español y hebreoSign.: [a]-h2, i1, A-Z4, 2A-2Z4, 3A-3B4, 3C-3D2, 3E-3Z4, 4A-4P4, 4Q2, 4R-4Z4, 5A-5O4Error tip. de sign. en 2K1 consta 2G1Texto a dos colAntep

Fiscal data revisions in Europe

Al igual que la mayoría de los datos macroeconómicos, las cifras de déficit público están sujetas a revisiones. Sin embargo, en el caso de Europa, estas podrían ser especialmente preocupantes dado el papel que desempeñan los datos fiscales en el funcionamiento de las reglas de supervisión multilateral a nivel europeo. El grado de cumplimiento de dichas reglas se juzga sobre la base de las publicaciones iniciales de datos de déficit público en el marco de las notificaciones del Procedimiento de Déficit Excesivo (PDE) europeo. Asimismo, la falta de fiabilidad de los datos fiscales puede menoscabar la credibilidad de los planes de consolidación. Este artículo muestra las propiedades empíricas de las revisiones de las cifras anuales de déficit en Europa a partir de la información ofrecida por un panel que contiene las diferentes notificaciones en tiempo real para 15 países de la UE a lo largo del período comprendido entre 1995 y 200

Electron density analysis on the alpha acidity of nitriles

24 substituted cyanocompounds and the corresponding anions obtained upon H + -abstraction from diverse positions were subjected to an electron density analysis with the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). All the electron densities were obtained at the B3LYP/6–31 +  + G(2d,2p) level on completely optimized geometries. In accordance to experimental evidence, α-H + abstraction is found as the most favored one (by at least 100 kJ mol −1 in all the tested compounds). The presence of additional resonance electron attractors reduces significantly the α-deprotonation energy, whereas this magnitude is quite insensitive to the inclusion of resonance electron donors. The electron density rearrangement accompanying the deprotonation is apparently in line with the predictions of the resonance model (RM). In fact, a significant part of the electron density gained by expelling the proton is transferred to cyano N and to other groups where significant resonance structures delocalize the negative charge. Nevertheless, some significant modifications have to be introduced on the RM picture when the QTAIM results are studied in detail.Xunta de Galicia | Ref. GRC 2019/24Universidade de Vigo/CISU

Elaboración de productos de higiene y desinfección en los laboratorios de ciencias de la URACCAN en el contexto COVID-19

Within the context of the pandemic caused by the spread of COVID-19 where there is no specific treatment, nor a vaccine for prevention, so the best way is to avoid being exposed to the virus. It is then necessary to comply with the disinfection and control measures that have been shown to minimize the chances of contagion or infection. In this process, the present experimental work was developed, in the Science Laboratory of the University of the Autonomous Regions of the Nicaraguan Caribbean Coast (URACCAN), Nueva Guinea Campus, with the purpose of developing hygiene, cleaning and disinfection supplies, obtaining as results, solid soap, 4% sodium hypochlorite and 70% ethyl alcohol. Based on the foregoing, these products are considered as a sustainable alternative to fight against the disease, with the perspective of reducing acquisition costs and ensuring their availability for the university community.Dentro del marco de la pandemia originada por el contagio del COVID-19, hasta la fecha no existe un tratamiento específico, ni una vacuna para la prevención, por lo que la mejor manera es evitar exponerse al virus. Es necesario entonces, cumplir con las medidas de desinfección y control que han demostrado minimizar las probabilidades de contagio o infección. En este marco, se desarrolló el presente trabajo experimental, en el Laboratorio de Ciencia de la Universidad de las Regiones Autónomas de la Costa Caribe Nicaragüense (URACCAN), Recinto Nueva Guinea, con el propósito de elaborar insumos de higiene, limpieza y desinfección, obteniéndose como resultados, jabón sólido, hipoclorito de sodio al 4% y alcohol etílico al 70%. Con base a lo anterior, estos productos son considerados como una alternativa sostenible de lucha frente a la enfermedad, con la perspectiva de disminuir los costos de adquisición y asegurar la disponibilidad de los mismos para la comunidad universitaria

Biblioteca española : tomo segundo que contiene la noticia de los escritores gentiles españoles y la de los Christianos hasta fines del siglo XIII de la iglesia

Copia digital. Valladolid : Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Cultura y Turismo, 2009-2010Sign.: [ ]1, [calderón]4, A-Z4, 2A-2Z4, 3A-3Z4, 4A-4Z4, 5A4, 5B2Texto a dos colAntep

Ease of Using a Dedicated Percutaneous Closure Device after Inadvertent Cannulation of the Subclavian Artery: Case Report

Inadvertent puncture of the subclavian artery is a relatively frequent and potentially disastrous complication of attempted central venous access. Due to its noncompressible location, accidental subclavian arterial cannulation may result in hemorrhage as the sheath is removed. We report a new case of successful percutaneous closure of the subclavian artery which had been inadvertently cannulated, using a closure device based on a collagen plug (Angio-Seal, St. Jude Medical). This was performed in a patient who had received maximal antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapies because of prior coronary stenting in the context of cardiogenic shock. There was no prior angiographic assessment, as arterial puncture was presumed to have been distal to the right common artery and vertebral arteries. No complications were observed in this high-risk patient, suggesting that this technique could be used once the procedure has been evaluated prospectively

Effect of Boriding on the Mechanical Properties of AISI 1045 Steel

Efecto en las propiedades mecánicas de un acero borurado 1045.Some mechanical properties of AISI 1045 borided steels were estimated in the present work. The boriding process was carried out by the powder pack method at 950°C with 8 h of treatment. The fatigue strength on borided notched specimens was evaluated with rotating bending tests (R=1) considering a stress concentration factor (Kt) of 2.53. Likewise, the presence of residual stresses in boride layers was established by the XRD technique. The Daimler-Benz Rockwell C test was used, also, to estimate the strength adhesion of the coated system. The results show a decrease in the fatigue strength of AISI borided steels due to the presence of high porosity in the layers. Finally, the Rockwell-C adhesion test showed no coating failure for the boride layer

Projections of wind energy resources in the Caribbean for the 21st century

The Caribbean has suitable conditions for a significant wind energy development, which makes a good planning for the future renewable energy mix essential. The impact of climate change on Caribbean wind power has been analyzed by means of an ensemble of CORDEX regional climate models (RCMs) under the RCP8.5 warming scenario. The offshore wind energy resource was classified for the historical period and for the future considering wind energy factors, environmental risk factors and cost factors whose weights were estimated by a Delphi method. Future projections show a maximum annual wind increase, ∼0.4 ms −1 (8%), in most of the Caribbean, except in the Yucatán Basin. This increment occurs mainly during the wet season, ∼0.5 ms −1 (∼10%), associated with changes in the extension of the North Atlantic Subtropical High, which will strengthen the Caribbean low-level jet. Additionally, the moderate wind increase, ∼0.2 ms −1 (∼4%), projected during the dry season is restricted to the southeastern coast and it is associated with an increment in the land-ocean temperature difference (∼1 °C), which will intensify local easterly winds. The low-level jet region was classified as the richest wind energy resource in the Caribbean for the future with a larger extension compared to the historical period.Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431C 2017/64Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia | Ref. SFRH/BPD/97320/2013Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia | Ref. SFRH/BPD/118142/2016Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia | Ref. SFRH/BPD/99707/201

Use of Vegetation to Classify Urban Landscape Types: Application in a Mediterranean Coastal Area

The objectives of this paper are (a) to incorporate vegetation cover into quantitative techniques for identifying and classifying urban landscape types, (b) to implement a methodology to analyse the urban landscape units of three zones in the Mediterranean coastal area and (c) to design a methodology that could be extrapolated to other urban spaces with a similar type and spatial scale. To achieve the objectives, the urban landscape units are characterized in three Mediterranean coastal municipalities in the south of Spain, in the province of Málaga: Benalmádena, Marbella and Manilva. The characterization is based on some of the most representative variables of the urban morphology, such as construction density, road density and building height, also incorporating the presence of vegetation cover, both arboreal and herbaceous and shrub. Data were obtained from the Spanish Cadastral (urban morphology variables) and through remote sensing techniques (vegetation), spatial analysis tools and multivariate analysis were implemented to obtain the characterization and spatial delimitation of the urban typologies. As a result, six clusters are recognized with predominant urban landscape typologies. The proposed procedure is a useful tool to segment the city following landscape criteria, as well as to assess the changes experienced in urban spaces.Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga. This work is part of the project “Paisaje y valor inmobiliario en diversos modelos territoriales de entornos litorales y sublitorales mediterráneos”, financed by the Ministry of Sciences, Innovation and Universities (Spain) (PGC2018-097652-B-I00). Main researcher: Matías F. Mérida Rodríguez