Enraizamiento de estacas en tres cultivares de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

Objective: To evaluate the effect of indolbutyric acid (IBA) on rotting of three blueberry cultivars (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) Biloxi, Victoria and Ventura. Design/methodology/approach: The experimental design was the completely randomized with factorial arrangement 3 x 4. Herbaceous cuttings of blueberry cultivars Biloxi, Victoria and Ventura, with 7 cm length and 2 mm diameter, were collected at the end in April 2017. The IBA concentrations were tested 0, 1 000, 2 000 and 3 000 mg L-1. The cuttings were placed in peat and perlite substrate (50:50, v:v). Forty days after, the variables evaluated were rooting percent, cuttings died percent, number and length of primary roots, number of secondary roots, and survival percent after the transplant. Test of medians comparison Tukey (0.05) was did for the variables, except for all percent. Results: The Victoria cultivar presented the higher average rooting percent with 61 %, moreover it obtained the less cuttings died percent. For the variables evaluated from roots, only number of primary roots and number of secondary roots had differences, the Victoria cultivar had 4.3 primary roots and the Biloxi cultivar had 12.65 secondary roots. The survival percent was major 95 % for all cultivars after the transplant. Limitations on study/implications: In some cultivars, the high concentrations of auxins inhibit rooting. Findings/conclusions: The proposed protocol let the rooting blueberry cuttings.Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) en el enraizamiento de tres cultivares de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) Biloxi, Victoria y Ventura. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Fue empleado un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 3 x 4. Estacas herbáceas de cultivares de arándano Biloxi, Victoria y Ventura, con 7 cm longitud y 2 mm de diámetro, fueron recolectadas a finales de abril de 2017. Las concentraciones de AIB utilizadas fueron 0, 1 000, 2 000 y 3 000 mg L-1. Las estacas se colocaron en sustrato de turba y perlita (50:50, v:v). Cuarenta días después se evaluó porcentaje de enraizamiento y de estacas muertas, número y longitud de raíces primarias, número de raíces secundarias, y porcentaje de sobrevivencia después del trasplante. Se realizó prueba de comparación de medias Tukey (0.05), excepto a los datos de porcentaje. Resultados: El cultivar con mayor porcentaje de enraizamiento promedio fue Victoria con 61%, también presentó el menor porcentaje de estacas muertas. Para las características de raíces evaluadas, solo existió diferencia para número de raíces primarias y secundarias; donde el cv. Victoria presentó 4.3 raíces primarias y el cv Biloxi 12.65 raíces secundarias. El porcentaje de sobrevivencia en todos los cultivares después del trasplante fue mayor al 95%. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: En algunos cultivares, la concentración alta de auxinas inhibió el enraizamiento. Hallazgos/conclusiones: El protocolo propuesto permite el enraizamiento de estacas de arándano

Spatially resolved proteomic profiling identifies tumor cell CD44 as a biomarker associated with sensitivity to PD-1 axis blockade in advanced non-small- cell lung cancer

Most patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) fail to derive significant benefit from programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) axis blockade, and new biomarkers of response are needed. In this study, we aimed to discover and validate spatially resolved protein markers associated with sensitivity to PD-1 axis inhibition in NSCLC

Caracterización física y química de sustratos con base en corteza y aserrín de pino

The physical and chemical characteristics of the substrates are important to obtain a nursery plant with adequate morphological characteristics. Three substrates of current use in forest nurseries were characterized: S1: moss peat, vermiculite and perlite; S2: composted bark, peat moss and sawdust and S3: pine sawdust, moss peat and composted bark, all in 3: 1: 1 vol proportion, to which 8 g L-1 of Osmocote® fertilizer of 8 - 9 months of release was added. They were used to produce Pinus greggii var. australis Donahue & Lopez. The porosity, pH, electrical conductivity and carbon/nitrogen ratio were evaluated before and after plant production, while granulometry, retention curves and water release only before production. The initial and final ranges of total porosity, aeration and water retention were 77% - 83%; 19% - 27% and 54% - 63%, respectively. In all substrates the aeration porosity decreased, and the water retention increased at the end. The readily available water varied from 19% to 30%, higher in S3. According to the granulometry, the largest proportion of particles was from 0.26 mm - 0.75 mm in diameter. The initial (4.8-5.3) and final (6.3-6.7) pH values are in the acid range. The initial EC was 0.9 dS - 1.7 dS, lower than the end one of 1.7 dS - 2.4 dS. The C/N ratio was different for the three substrates; S1 presented the lowest value (159), S2 with 537 and S3 the largest (613). The alternative substrates evaluated have suitable characteristics to be used in the production of forest plant and to replace the use of peat moss.Las características físicas y químicas de los sustratos son importantes para obtener planta en vivero con características morfológicas adecuadas. Se caracterizaron tres sustratos de uso actual en viveros forestales: S1: turba de musgo, vermiculita y perlita; S2: corteza compostada, turba de musgo y aserrín y S3: aserrín de pino, turba de musgo y corteza compostada, todas en proporción 3:1:1 vol., a los cuales se les agregaron 8 g L-1 de fertilizante Osmocote® de 8 meses – 9 meses de liberación. Se utilizaron para la producción de Pinus greggii var. australis Donahue & López. Las características porosidad, pH, conductividad eléctrica y relación carbono/nitrógeno se evaluaron antes y después de la producción de planta, mientras que la granulometría, curvas de retención y liberación de agua solamente antes de la producción. Los intervalos iniciales y finales de porosidad total, aireación y retención de agua fueron de 77% - 83%; 19% - 27% y 54% - 63%, respectivamente. En todos los sustratos la porosidad de aireación disminuyó y la de retención de agua aumentó al final. El agua fácilmente disponible varió de 19% a 30%, S3 presentó el mayor porcentaje. En la granulometría, la mayor proporción de partículas se encontró en diámetros de 0.26 mm a 0.75 mm. Los valores de pH iniciales (4.8 - 5.3) y finales (6.3 - 6.7) fueron ácidos; la CE inicial fue de 0.9 dS - 1.7 dS, menor que la final de 1.7 dS - 2.4 dS. La relación carbono/nitrógeno fue diferente para los tres sustratos, S1 presentó el menor valor (159), S2 con 537 y S3 el mayor (613). Los sustratos alternativos evaluados presentaron características adecuadas para ser utilizados en la producción de planta forestal y sustituir al compuesto por turba de musgo

Spatially resolved proteomic profiling identifies tumor cell CD44 as a biomarker associated with sensitivity to PD-1 axis blockade in advanced non-small- cell lung cancer

Most patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) fail to derive significant benefit from programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) axis blockade, and new biomarkers of response are needed. In this study, we aimed to discover and validate spatially resolved protein markers associated with sensitivity to PD-1 axis inhibition in NSCLC

The Transcriptomic Portrait of Locally Advanced Breast Cancer and Its Prognostic Value in a Multi-Country Cohort of Latin American Patients

Purposes: Most molecular-based published studies on breast cancer do not adequately represent the unique and diverse genetic admixture of the Latin American population. Searching for similarities and differences in molecular pathways associated with these tumors and evaluating its impact on prognosis may help to select better therapeutic approaches. Patients and Methods: We collected clinical, pathological, and transcriptomic data of a multi-country Latin American cohort of 1,071 stage II-III breast cancer patients of the Molecular Profile of Breast Cancer Study (MPBCS) cohort. The 5-year prognostic ability of intrinsic (transcriptomic-based) PAM50 and immunohistochemical classifications, both at the cancer-specific (OSC) and disease-free survival (DFS) stages, was compared. Pathway analyses (GSEA, GSVA and MetaCore) were performed to explore differences among intrinsic subtypes. Results: PAM50 classification of the MPBCS cohort defined 42·6% of tumors as LumA, 21·3% as LumB, 13·3% as HER2E and 16·6% as Basal. Both OSC and DFS for LumA tumors were significantly better than for other subtypes, while Basal tumors had the worst prognosis. While the prognostic power of traditional subtypes calculated with hormone receptors (HR), HER2 and Ki67 determinations showed an acceptable performance, PAM50-derived risk of recurrence best discriminated low, intermediate and high-risk groups. Transcriptomic pathway analysis showed high proliferation (i.e. cell cycle control and DNA damage repair) associated with LumB, HER2E and Basal tumors, and a strong dependency on the estrogen pathway for LumA. Terms related to both innate and adaptive immune responses were seen predominantly upregulated in Basal tumors, and, to a lesser extent, in HER2E, with respect to LumA and B tumors. Conclusions: This is the first study that assesses molecular features at the transcriptomic level in a multicountry Latin American breast cancer patient cohort. Hormone-related and proliferation pathways that predominate in PAM50 and other breast cancer molecular classifications are also the main tumor-driving mechanisms in this cohort and have prognostic power. The immune-related features seen in the most aggressive subtypes may pave the way for therapeutic approaches not yet disseminated in Latin America. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02326857). Copyright © 2022 Llera, Abdelhay, Artagaveytia, Daneri-Navarro, Müller, Velazquez, Alcoba, Alonso, Alves da Quinta, Binato, Bravo, Camejo, Carraro, Castro, Castro-Cervantes, Cataldi, Cayota, Cerda, Colombo, Crocamo, Del Toro-Arreola, Delgadillo-Cisterna, Delgado, Dreyer-Breitenbach, Fejerman, Fernández, Fernández, Fernández, Franco-Topete, Gabay, Gaete, Garibay-Escobar, Gómez, Greif, Gross, Guerrero, Henderson, Lopez-Muñoz, Lopez-Vazquez, Maldonado, Morán-Mendoza, Nagai, Oceguera-Villanueva, Ortiz-Martínez, Quintero, Quintero-Ramos, Reis, Retamales, Rivera-Claisse, Rocha, Rodríguez, Rosales, Salas-González, Sanchotena, Segovia, Sendoya, Silva-García, Trinchero, Valenzuela, Vedham, Zagame, United States-Latin American Cancer Research Network (US-LACRN) and Podhajcer.Fil: Llera, Andrea Sabina. Fundación Instituto Leloir-CONICET. Molecular and Cellular Therapy Laboratory; ArgentinaFil: Abdelhay, Eliana Saul Furquim Werneck. Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit; BrasilFil: Artagaveytia, Nora. Universidad de la República. Hospital de Clínicas Manuel Quintela; UruguayFil: Daneri-Navarro, Adrián. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Müller, Bettina. Instituto Nacional del Cáncer; ChileFil: Velazquez, Carlos. Universidad de Sonora; MéxicoFil: Alcoba, Elsa B. Hospital Municipal de Oncología María Curie; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Isabel. Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell; UruguayFil: Alves da Quinta, Daniela B. Fundación Instituto Leloir-CONICET. Molecular and Cellular Therapy Laboratory; ArgentinaFil: Alves da Quinta, Daniela B. Universidad Argentina de la Empresa (UADE). Instituto de Tecnología (INTEC); ArgentinaFil: Binato, Renata. Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit; BrasilFil: Bravo, Alicia Inés. Hospital Regional de Agudos Eva Perón; ArgentinaFil: Camejo, Natalia. Universidad de la República. Hospital de Clínicas Manuel Quintela; UruguayFil: Carraro, Dirce Maria. AC Camargo Cancer Center. Centro Internacional de Pesquisa (CIPE). Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology; BrasilFil: Castro, Mónica. Instituto de Oncología Angel Roffo; ArgentinaFil: Castro-Cervantes, Juan M. Hospital de Especialidades CMNO-IMSS; MéxicoFil: Cataldi, Sandra. Instituto Nacional del Cáncer; UruguayFil: Cayota, Alfonso. Institut Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Cerda, Mauricio. Universidad de Chile. Instituto de Neurociencias Biomédicas. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Informática Médica y Telemedicina. Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM). Integrative Biology Program; ChileFil: Colombo, Alicia. Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Clínico. Department of Pathology; ChileFil: Crocamo, Susanne. Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Oncology Department; BrasilFil: Del Toro-Arreola, Alicia. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Delgadillo-Cisterna, Raúl. Hospital de Especialidades CMNO-IMSS; MéxicoFil: Delgado, Lucía. Universidad de la República. Hospital de Clínicas Manuel Quintela; UruguayFil: Dreyer-Breitenbach, Marisa. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes; BrasilFil: Fejerman, Laura. University of California Davis. Department of Public Health Sciences and Comprehensive Cancer Center; Estados UnidosFil: Fernández, Elmer A. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. CONICET. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas [Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIDIE); ArgentinaFil: Fernández, Elmer A. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Fernández, Wanda. Hospital San Borja Arriarán; ChileFil: Franco-Topete, Ramón A. Universidad de Guadalajara. Hospital Civil de Guadalajara. Organismo Público Descentralizado (OPD); MéxicoFil: Gabay, Carolina. Instituto de Oncología Angel Roffo; ArgentinaFil: Gaete, Fancy. Hospital Luis Tisne; ChileFil: Garibay-Escobar, Adriana. Universidad de Sonora; MéxicoFil: Gómez, Jorge. Texas A&M University; Estados UnidosFil: Greif, Gonzalo. Institut Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Gross, Thomas G. Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Guerrero, Marisol. Hospital San José; ChileFil: Henderson, Marianne K. Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Lopez-Muñoz, Miguel E. Universidad de Sonora; MéxicoFil: Lopez-Vazquez, Alejandra. Universidad de Sonora; MéxicoFil: Maldonado, Silvina. Hospital Regional de Agudos Eva Perón; ArgentinaFil: Morán-Mendoza, Andrés J. Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia CMNO-IMSS; MéxicoFil: Nagai, Maria Aparecida. Sao Paulo University Medical School. Cancer Institute of São Paulo (ICESP). Center for Translational Research in Oncology; BrasilFil: Oceguera-Villanueva, Antonio. Instituto Jalisciense de Cancerologia; MéxicoFil: Ortiz-Martínez, Miguel A. Hospital General Regional No. 1. IMSS; MéxicoFil: Quintero, Jael. Universidad de Sonora; MéxicoFil: Quintero-Ramos, Antonio. Universidad de Guadalajara; MéxicoFil: Reis, Rui M. Hospital de Câncer de Barretos. Molecular Oncology Research Center; BrasilFil: Retamales, Javier. Grupo Oncológico Cooperativo Chileno de Investigación; ChileFil: Rivera-Claisse, Ernesto. Centro Estatal de Oncologia; MéxicoFil: Rocha, Darío. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Robinson. Hospital Central de las Fuerzas Armadas; UruguayFil: Rosales, Cristina. Hospital Municipal de Oncología María Curie; ArgentinaFil: Salas-González, Efrain. Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia CMNO-IMSS; MéxicoFil: Sanchotena, Verónica. Hospital Municipal de Oncología María Curie; ArgentinaFil: Segovia, Laura. Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau; ChileFil: Sendoya, Juan Martín. Fundación Instituto Leloir-CONICET. Molecular and Cellular Therapy Laboratory; ArgentinaFil: Silva-García, Aida A. Universidad de Guadalajara. Hospital Civil de Guadalajara. Organismo Público Descentralizado (OPD); MéxicoFil: Trinchero, Alejandra. Hospital Regional de Agudos Eva Perón; ArgentinaFil: Valenzuela, Olivia. Universidad de Sonora; MéxicoFil: Vedham, Vidya. National Cancer Institute. Center for Global Health; Estados Unido

The Transcriptomic Portrait of Locally Advanced Breast Cancer and Its Prognostic Value in a Multi-Country Cohort of Latin American Patients.

PurposesMost molecular-based published studies on breast cancer do not adequately represent the unique and diverse genetic admixture of the Latin American population. Searching for similarities and differences in molecular pathways associated with these tumors and evaluating its impact on prognosis may help to select better therapeutic approaches.Patients and methodsWe collected clinical, pathological, and transcriptomic data of a multi-country Latin American cohort of 1,071 stage II-III breast cancer patients of the Molecular Profile of Breast Cancer Study (MPBCS) cohort. The 5-year prognostic ability of intrinsic (transcriptomic-based) PAM50 and immunohistochemical classifications, both at the cancer-specific (OSC) and disease-free survival (DFS) stages, was compared. Pathway analyses (GSEA, GSVA and MetaCore) were performed to explore differences among intrinsic subtypes.ResultsPAM50 classification of the MPBCS cohort defined 42·6% of tumors as LumA, 21·3% as LumB, 13·3% as HER2E and 16·6% as Basal. Both OSC and DFS for LumA tumors were significantly better than for other subtypes, while Basal tumors had the worst prognosis. While the prognostic power of traditional subtypes calculated with hormone receptors (HR), HER2 and Ki67 determinations showed an acceptable performance, PAM50-derived risk of recurrence best discriminated low, intermediate and high-risk groups. Transcriptomic pathway analysis showed high proliferation (i.e. cell cycle control and DNA damage repair) associated with LumB, HER2E and Basal tumors, and a strong dependency on the estrogen pathway for LumA. Terms related to both innate and adaptive immune responses were seen predominantly upregulated in Basal tumors, and, to a lesser extent, in HER2E, with respect to LumA and B tumors.ConclusionsThis is the first study that assesses molecular features at the transcriptomic level in a multicountry Latin American breast cancer patient cohort. Hormone-related and proliferation pathways that predominate in PAM50 and other breast cancer molecular classifications are also the main tumor-driving mechanisms in this cohort and have prognostic power. The immune-related features seen in the most aggressive subtypes may pave the way for therapeutic approaches not yet disseminated in Latin America.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02326857)