Synchronization of the Mexican and the U.S. Economies: The Case of the Manufacturing Sector. Sincronización entre las economías de México y Estados Unidos: el caso del Sector Manufacturero.

Es elevada la dependencia entre la industria maquiladora de exportación de México y el desempeño de la economía de Estados Unidos; sin embargo, son relativamente escasas las investigaciones que dan cuenta del comportamiento de otras industrias y su relación con el mercado del país septentrional. Los autores realizan un análisis comparativo entre los mercados laborales de las industrias manufactureras de ambos países. The study is centered on the synchronization between the economies of Mexico and the United States with special reference to the manufacturing sector. The authors examine the dependency between the assembly plant industry for export in Mexico and the performance of the economy of the United States. The authors also make a comparative analysis between the labor markets of the manufacturing industries in both countries.Mexico, United States, Labor Markets, manufacturing

Sincronización del empleo manufacturero en México y Estados Unidos

It is evident that there exists a high degree of economic interdependence betweenMexico and the United States at the aggregate level. It is not clear, however, that this relationship holds for individual economic sectors. In this document we investigate the existence of common movements, at trend and cyclical horizons, in the behavior of employment in the manufacturing sector for both countries.We find that employment in the non-maquila manufacturing sector in Mexico exhibits a higher degree of synchronization with the manufacturing employment in the U.S. than does the maquiladora sector.We argue that these results are consistent with the theories of economic integration and specialization in production.labor markets, common cycle, common trend.

Alteraciones de la comunicación oral más frecuentes en edad pediátrica

Introduction: the learning of the mother tongue constitutes for many the greatest intellectual feat that man can accomplish. Men express themselves, exchange ideas and are understood in most cases through oral communication. It is necessary that the individual possesses the minimum skills and knowledge to understand and also generate a normal language, through the harmonious work of the three levels of oral communication: language, speech and voice.Objective: to characterize the behavior of oral communication alterations in pediatric age patients in the province of Pinar del Río, attended at the Pepe Portilla Pediatric Hospital, in the period 2017-2021.Methods: an observational, descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study was carried out, taking data from the logophoniatric clinical history that were processed by means of the statistical system InfStat 1.0. The universe and the sample consisted of 539 patients who met the inclusion criteria.Results: 67,7 % of the sample was male; 52,9 % of the patients were evaluated for the first time between 3 and 5 years of age; secondary delay in language development was the most frequent disorder, followed by dyslalia. Attendance for evaluation at the provincial center varied depending on the municipality of origin.Conclusions: early diagnosis of oral communication disorders, timely treatment and the united work of parents and rehabilitators are fundamental in the success of the development of the child's language skills. Introduction: the learning of the mother tongue constitutes for many the greatest intellectual feat that man can accomplish. Men express themselves, exchange ideas and are understood in most cases through oral communication. It is necessary that the individual possesses the minimum skills and knowledge to understand and also generate a normal language, through the harmonious work of the three levels of oral communication: language, speech and voice.Objective: to characterize the behavior of oral communication alterations in pediatric age patients in the province of Pinar del Río, attended at the Pepe Portilla Pediatric Hospital, in the period 2017-2021.Methods: an observational, descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study was carried out, taking data from the logophoniatric clinical history that were processed by means of the statistical system InfStat 1.0. The universe and the sample consisted of 539 patients who met the inclusion criteria.Results: 67,7 % of the sample was male; 52,9 % of the patients were evaluated for the first time between 3 and 5 years of age; secondary delay in language development was the most frequent disorder, followed by dyslalia. Attendance for evaluation at the provincial center varied depending on the municipality of origin.Conclusions: early diagnosis of oral communication disorders, timely treatment and the united work of parents and rehabilitators are fundamental in the success of the development of the child's language skills.Introducción: el aprendizaje de la lengua materna constituye para muchos la mayor hazaña intelectual que el hombre realiza. Los hombres se expresan, intercambian ideas y son comprendidos en la mayor parte de los casos a través de la comunicación oral. Es necesario que el individuo posea las capacidades y los conocimientos mínimos para comprender y además, generar un lenguaje normal, mediante el trabajo armónico de los tres niveles.Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento de las alteraciones de la comunicación oral de los pacientes en edad pediátrica en la provincia de Pinar del Río, atendidos en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Docente “Pepe Portilla”, en el período 2017-2021.Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo con los datos de la história  clínica logofoniátrica que fueron procesados mediante el sistema estadístico InfStat 1.0. El universo y la muestra quedaron constituidos por 539 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión.Resultados: en la muestra predominó el sexo masculino en el 67,7 %; el 52,9 % de los pacientes se evaluaron por primera vez entre los tres y cinco años de edad; el retraso secundario del desarrollo del lenguaje fue la alteración más frecuente, seguida de las dislalias. La asistencia a la evaluación al centro provincial varia en dependencia del municipio de procedencia.Conclusiones: el diagnóstico precoz de las alteraciones de la comunicación oral, el tratamiento oportuno y el trabajo unido de padres y rehabilitadores, son fundamentales en el éxito del alcance del desarrollo de las habilidades lingüísticas del niño.

Metodología para la vinculación del diseño en la sociedad. Experiencias como estrategia y proceso educativo

En la Licenciatura de Diseño de la UANL, México, a través de las experiencias de vinculación de docentes y alumnos involucrados en los proyectos presentados, se desarrolló una metodología única o general para compartirla con aquellos que no han experimentado este proceso, se busca propiciar y facilitar la vinculación a través de la consulta metodológica general, no es necesario seguir todos los pasos, solo los requeridos, dependiendo del alcance que se busque. Ampliar el campo de oportunidades para que los estudiantes generen proyectos apegados a la realidad, apliquen y expandan sus conocimientos en el campo laboral, es posible gracias a las vinculaciones realizadas

Tenaza 2.0. “Facilitando la vida de grupos vulnerables a través del diseño”

Este proyecto nos llevó a plantear estrategias didácticas para su aplicación en el aula y extra-aula. Aborda el papel de los estudiantes, el proceso de aprendizaje integral de conocimientos y valores y ofrece la oportunidad de hacer un aporte social para la formación de diseñadores con sentido humano. Trabajamos con una familia de artesanos en la que la tecnología no tenía cabida. Los estudiantes descubrieron que formas simples, combinación de materiales y estrategias en la elaboración, entre otras cosas, marcan la diferencia cuando se trata de un sector vulnerable que diseña y fabrica para subsistir. Superando las expectativas iniciales, se logró el apoyo a estos artesanos locales. Con los estudiantes reafirmamos valores y a través del diseño, aprendimos la sensibilidad en la realización del trabajo comunitario al servicio de quienes más lo necesitan

Advances in Graphene Platforms for Drug Delivery in Cancer and Its Biocompatibility

In the past decade, studies on the biomedical applications of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have increased substantially, especially those related to cancer therapy. Experimental evidence has shown that GQD platforms do not merely serve for drug delivery but have multifunctional properties: their surface also allows several types of molecules to be joined and has photothermal properties that, when combined, make therapies more effective. Most studies have shown evidence of this specificity and therapeutic efficacy at the in vitro level. There is also evidence for potential use in the monitoring of cellular events given the high-quality bioimages that can be obtained with this type of nanomaterial. However, the application of this nanotechnology has stalled due to the lack of available biosafety and biocompatibility studies. This chapter addresses the advances in the use of GQD platforms for drug delivery and the biocompatibility studies reported so far

La Imagen y la Narrativa como Herramientas para el Abordaje Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia. Municipio de Valledupar y Corregimientos de Guaymaral y Media Luna.

Después de la revisión y el análisis de los contenidos propuestos, se realiza este trabajo con el fin de conocer y entender cada una de las historias y relatos de vida acaecidos por el conflicto armado en Colombia. De la misma manera se pretende dar a conocer el enfoque narrativo como una estrategia psicosocial de transformación, esta es una herramienta clave y muy valiosa en el trabajo de atención a víctimas del conflicto armado, evidenciando su utilidad a la hora de expresar sus historias, dificultades y experiencias vividas, a su vez se ven privilegiados la subjetividad y la intersubjetividad reflejadas en cada uno de estos relatos. Como eje de análisis se escogió el relato N°2 Camilo, en el cual se narran una serie de hechos violentos, donde se ve evidenciada la desigualdad y la injusticia como denominador de una serie de circunstancias vividas por el protagonista de la historia, en este relato se pueden resaltar varios sucesos, así como: la discriminación racial y su condición de desplazado, desarraigo de identidad, el miedo a ser reclutado forzosamente por grupos armados al margen de la ley, constantes amenazas hechas por estos grupos, el cual llevaron al protagonista de esta historia a desalojar sus tierras dejando atrás su familia y su vida. Después de lo expresado anteriormente se hace necesario indagar los factores psicosociales a intervenir teniendo en cuenta que la víctima se reconoce como un ser resiliente, capaz de superar y de enfrentar las dificultades mediante un proyecto de vida renovado. Por otra parte, se analiza la situación vivida en el caso Peñas Coloradas, en este se pretende identificar los impactos, las emociones surgidas frente a los hechos violentos y los emergentes psicosociales a partir de la irrupción a causa de grupos armados al margen de la ley, las estrategias a abordar frente a esta problemática permiten observar los eventos traumáticos desde una perspectiva psicológica, a partir de la técnica del análisis del relato, generando así una serie de reflexiones de acuerdo a su abordaje y a la vez proponer algunas estrategias de acompañamiento psicosocial.After review and analysis of the proposed contents, this work is carried with the final purpose to make known and understood each of the stories and life stories that happened for the armed conflict in Colombia. In the same way, the intention is given to know the narrative approach as a psychosocial strategy of transformation; this is a key and very valuable tool in the work of attention for the victims of the armed conflict, evidencing its usefulness when expressing their stories, difficulties and lived experiences at the same time, it they look privileged the subjectivity and intersubjectivity reflected in each of these stories. As axis of analysis the story was chosen N°2 Camilo, in which a series of violent acts are narrated, as the denominator of a series of circumstances experienced by the protagonist of the story, in this report several events can be highlighted, as well as: the racial discrimination and their status of displaced, identity disrooting, the fear of being forcibly recruited by armed groups outside the law, constants threats made by these groups which led the protagonist of this story to evict his land leaving behind his family and his life. After what was expressed, it is necessary to inquire the psychosocial factors to intervene taking too into account that the victim is recognized like a resilient being, capable of overcoming and dealing with difficulties through a renewed life project. On the other hand, It's analyzed the lived situation in the case Peñas Coloradas, in this it is intended to identify the impacts, the arise emotions in front to of violent acts and the emerging psychosocial events starting from the eruption because of armed groups outside the law, the strategies to be approach in front this troublesome it allow observing the traumatic events from a psychological perspective from the technique of the analysis of the story generating a series of reflections according to its approach and at the same time proposing some strategies for psychosocial accompaniment

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract: This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality-based interventions (VRbased interventions) on cognitive deficits in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the PRISMA statement and the Cochrane Handbook guidelines for conducting meta-analyses. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the quality of the evidence. Clinical trials published up to 29 October 2020, were included. The meta-analysis included four studies, with a population of 125 participants with ADHD. The magnitude of the effect was large for omissions (SMD = −1.38; p = 0.009), correct hits (SMD = −1.50; p = 0.004), and perceptual sensitivity (SMD = −1.07; p = 0.01); and moderate for commissions (SMD = −0.62; p = 0.002) and reaction time (SMD = −0.67; p = 0.03). The use of VR-based interventions for cognitive rehabilitation in children with ADHD is limited. The results showed that VR-based interventions are more effective in improving sustained attention. Improvements were observed in attentional vigilance measures, increasing the number of correct responses and decreasing the number of errors of omission. No improvements were observed in impulsivity responses