To take or not to take the laptop or tablet to classes, that is the question

In recent decades, so-called mobile learning or m-learning has become a new paradigm in education as a consequence of technological advances and the widespread use of mobile devices to access information and for communication. In this context, this paper analyzes different profiles depending on students’ preferences for taking mobile devices (specifically tablets and/or laptops) to economics classes at the University of Seville (Spain). A survey-based field study of a sample of 412 students and the application of bivariate probit models show a low level of mobile device integration in teaching (devices taken to class by only 29.8% of respondents) with a slight predominance of laptops. The results also show differences between users of the two types of devices. Students who take their laptops to class usually live at home with their family, have already used them in pre-university levels, and are concerned about recharging their devices in class. However, although users who take their tablets to class also live with their parents, they are much more active on social network sites and more concerned about the quality of the internet connection. These findings enable the design of strategies to encourage students to attend class with their own mobile devices

Adults with special educational needs participating in interactive learning environments in adult education: Educational, social, and personal improvements. A case study

Previous scientific contributions show that interactive learning environments have contributed to promoting learners' learning and development, as interaction and dialogue are key components of learning. When it comes to students with special needs, increasing evidence has demonstrated learning improvements through interaction and dialogue. However, most research focuses on children's education, and there is less evidence of how these learning environments can promote inclusion in adult learners with SEN. This article is addressed to analyse a case study of an interactive learning environment shared by adults with and without special needs. This case shows several improvements identified by adult learners with special needs participating in this study. Based on a documental analysis and a qualitative study, this study analyses a context of participatory and dialogic adult education. From the analysis undertaken, the main results highlight some improvements identified in the lives of these adult women and men with SEN, covering educational improvements, increased feeling of social inclusion, and enhanced well-being

Efecto del acoplamiento sensor-roca en la medida de vibraciones por voladura

Este trabajo analiza algunos métodos de medida de vibraciones producidas en voladuras. Se han ensayado dos geófonos triaxiales de diferente tipo, tamaño y masa en un excitador de vibraciones. Los sensores se han acoplado a una losa de granito usando tres métodos: apoyado (sin sujeción) sobre la losa, sujeto con un saco con arena y anclado a la losa con un perno. La losa se sometió a un movimiento periódico horizontal de frecuencia variable entre 16 y 200 Hz, y amplitud constante. Se han aplicado dos niveles de vibraciones de 5 y 20 mm/s cuando el sensor se sujetó con un saco o perno, y tan sólo 5 mm/s cuando no se usó sujeción de ningún tipo. Para cada método ensayado, la transmisibilidad de las vibraciones de la roca al geófono se ha calculado en función de la frecuencia como el cociente entre la respuesta del geófono y el movimiento de la losa. La transmisibilidad de las vibraciones se considera como la combinación de la transmisibilidad del acoplamiento entre la roca y el sensor y la transmisibilidad del equipo de medida. Para obtener la transmisibilidad del acoplamiento se ha normalizado la transmisibilidad total con la transmisibilidad de los sismógrafos obtenida en un ensayo en él se supone que la transmisibilidad del acoplamiento es 1. Se observa que el acoplamiento entre el geófono y la roca, es un fenómeno resonante, que puede alterar la amplitud de las vibraciones por un factor que va desde 1,2 hasta valores inferiores a 0,6. Las medidas más exactas y precisas se obtienen con geófonos anclados a la roca. Los otros métodos (sensores colocados libremente o sujetos con un saco) proporcionan unas condiciones de contacto que no son reproducibles que pueden amplificar o atenuar las vibraciones en la mayor parte del rango de frecuencias analizado. Se muestra también que los criterios de aceleración existentes para seleccionar los métodos de acoplamiento no conducen necesariamente a medidas de vibración de buena calidad

Vitamin D Deficiency Is Significantly Associated with Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study

Aim: Results from meta-analyses point to an association between vitamin D deficiency and the onset of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the association of vitamin D for the development of DR and to determine the levels of vitamin D associated with a greater risk of DR. Methods: Between November 2013 and February 2015, we performed a case-control study based on a sample of patients with diabetes in Spain. The study population comprised all patients who had at least one evaluable electroretinogram and recorded levels of 25(OH)D. We collected a series of analytical data: 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, iPTH, calcium, albumin, and HbA1c. Glycemic control was evaluated on the basis of the mean HbA1c values for the period 2009?2014. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the variables associated with DR. Results: The final study sample comprised 385 patients, of which 30 (7.8%) had DR. Significant differences were found between patients with and without DR for age (69.54 vs. 73.43), HbA1c (6.68% vs. 7.29%), years since diagnosis of diabetes (10.9 vs. 14.17), level of 25(OH)D (20.80 vs. 15.50 ng/mL), level of 1,25(OH)2D (35.0 vs. 24.5 pg/mL), treatment with insulin (14.9% vs. 56.7%), hypertension (77.7% vs. 100%), cardiovascular events (33.2% vs. 53.3%), and kidney failure (22.0% vs. 43.3%). In the multivariate analysis, the factors identified as independent risk factors for DR were treatment of diabetes (p = 0.001) and 25(OH)D (p = 0.025). The high risk of DR in patients receiving insulin (OR 17.01) was also noteworthy. Conclusions: Levels of 25(OH)D and treatment of diabetes were significantly associated with DR after adjusting for other risk factors. Combined levels of 25(OH)D < 16 ng/mL and levels of 1,25(OH)2D < 29 pg/mL are the variables that best predict the risk of having DR with respect to vitamin D deficiency. The risk factor with the strongest association was the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This was particularly true for patients receiving insulin, who had a greater risk of DR than those receiving insulin analogues. However, further studies are necessary before a causal relationship can be established

Low-cost port competitiveness index: Implementation in the Spanish port system

Spanish Port Authorities currently face a wide range of complexities in their decision-making processes, as they have to satisfy several port management objectives that may conflict with one another. This paper examines these circumstances by using decision theory methodology with multiple objectives, which, through the Promethee method, makes the design of an index possible. This index combines different decision factors that shape the competitiveness of a port to rank the Spanish Port Authorities. This ranking serves as an alternative to the traditional ranking system by easily providing more information about port traffic. The Promethee method was chosen because it is reliable, the outcomes are easy for decision makers to understand and the parameters can be economically interpreted. To account for any subjectivity in the measures for different criteria, we developed three survey campaigns aimed at the following groups: members of the port community, Port Authority managers and academic researchers

Evaluating the design of digital tools for the transition to an e‑continuous assessment in higher education

Evaluation is a crucial part of the teaching and learning process in any higher education institution and one that has gone through a deep change. This has been particularly true since the Bologna Declaration (http:// www. ehea. info/ page- ministerial-conference- bologna- 1999, 1999) ushered in the European higher education area, with the subsequent major rise in the employment of continuous assessment methods focused on student participation. This article analyses the impact on academic performance of e-continuous assessment based on e-tests on a virtual platform as a previous step towards the substitution of the traditional evaluation system, based on a final exam, with a continuous evaluation system, prescribed as an alternative preferred by the regulations of multiple Spanish universities. Microeconometric models have been applied to a database of 250 first-year students on the Business Administration and Management course at the University of Seville (Spain). Our findings show that e-tests could prevent the risk of students dropping out and could also provide a credible predictor of students’ academic marks in the theoretical contents of the subject, but not in those of a practical or applied nature. Based on the results of this evaluation, an e-continuous assessment has been developed in the subject, which has become the majority option for students, with 90% participation, while also increasing pass rates. Moreover, the positive effect of a computing environment does not appear to be limited to the classroom, but also extends to students’ home environments. This teaching experience shows that the swift feedback that e-tools provides, especially in especially in environments of large class size such as in the class evaluated, could support instructors’ personal tutoring of students’ progress and promote a greater implementation of e-continuous assessment in Spanish higher education

Estrategias interactivas y cooperativas para reducir el impacto de la estacionalidad en el aprendizaje de fundamentos de economía

Este trabajo se enmarca en el paradigma pedagógico de un proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje centrado en el alumnado. Su objetivo era aumentar la motivación y participación de los estudiantes, de forma que la experiencia de la asignatura del primer cuatrimestre, sirviera de atractivo para evitar que en el segundo, se abandonara el estudio de la materia desmotivado por los resultados obtenidos en el primero y por el absentismo debido al denominado “efecto calendario” del cuatrimestre de primavera. Para ello se ha puesto en práctica una combinación de dos metodologías docentes, el ABP y Educlick, para realizar una evaluación continua. Los datos han sido recogidos mediante encuestas realizadas a la población objetivo. La metodología se basa en un modelo probit bivariante, con el que se ha intentado medir los efectos de la evaluación continua sobre el rendimiento académico. Los resultados obtenidos no encuentran evidencia alguna del carácter predictivo de las pruebas de Educlick

Impact of the use of the case method in the academic performance in Microeconomics: a pilot experience

Durante los cursos 2009-2010 y 2010-2011, los dos únicos cursos finalizados por el momento en del Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas en la Universidad de Sevilla, se ha utilizado la técnica del método del caso para la explicación de una parte del programa de la asignatura de Microeconomía, con el fin de mejorar el rendimiento académico e interés por la asignatura. En concreto, la parte del programa dedicada al estudio del mercado de trabajo en vez de ser explicada siguiendo la metodología tradicional de la clase magistral se utilizó la metodología del caso, poniendo a disposición de los alumnos un caso diseñado ex profeso por el equipo docente de Microeconomía del departamento de Análisis Económico y Economía Política. El objetivo perseguido con este trabajo es analizar la incidencia del uso de esta nueva metodología docente en el rendimiento académico del alumno, comparando la calificación de la parte del examen correspondiente a esta materia, antes y después del uso del método del caso y comparando también la nota obtenida por los mismos alumnos en la parte del examen correspondiente al mercado de trabajo con la obtenida en el resto de la materia objeto de evaluación.During the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 courses, the only two courses completed by the time in Business Administration and Management degree at the University of Seville, we have used the technique of the case method for explaining some part of Microeconomics course, in order to improve academic performance and interest in the subject. Specifically, the part of the program devoted to the study of the labor market rather than following the traditional methodology the case method was used, by providing students with a case designed expressly for the microeconomics teaching team of Economic Analysis and Political Economy Department. The aims of this paper is to analyze the impact of using this new teaching methodology in the student's academic performance, comparing the score of the exam for this subject, before and after using the case method, and also comparing the score obtained by these students in the examination for the labor market with that in the rest of the material under evaluation

Phenolic profile changes of grapevine leaves infected with Erysiphe necator

Powdery mildew in grapevine is caused by Erysiphe necator and its control requires many chemical treatments. Numerous efforts are being made to improve disease management to achieve crop sustainability goals. The exogenous induction of plant immune responses is one of the most encouraging strategies currently being developed. The objective of this research was to analyse differences in phenolic compound concentrations in E. necator-infected leaves of two varieties of Vitis vinifera, Tempranillo and Tempranillo Blanco, using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. To understand the susceptibility of the varieties, in vitro assays using whole leaves were done.This work was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, MINECO) under project BIO2017-86375-R.Peer reviewe