El cinema a Ulldecona: els cinemes Victòria, Savoy i Ateneu (1972-1992)

Aquest article tracta sobre els cinemes Victòria, Savoy i Ateneu d'Ulldecona entre el 1972 i el 1992. Vint anys de cinema que van portar al tancament d'aquests locals

Predictors of weight loss and fat in the dietary management: sex, age, BMI and consulting assistance

%WL: porcentaje de pérdida de peso; %FL: porcentaje de pérdida de grasa; PNLWF: pacientes que pierden peso o grasa; PLWF: pacientes que pierden peso y grasa. Objetivo: evaluar si el %WL y el %FL en el tratamiento dietético, se vieron afectados por el género, la edad, el IMC y la asistencia a la consulta. Método: 4.700 consultas, 670 pacientes (IMC ≥ 25), en el sur-este de España (2006-12). Se utilizó la dieta equilibrada e hipocalórica. Dos tipos de pacientes: PNLWF y PLWF (91,9%). Resultados: en los PLWF, los hombres y los que asisten en mayor número de ocasiones a la consulta han mostrado una mayor pérdida, frente a las mujeres (%FL: 23,0 vs 14,3%, p = 0,000; %WL: 7,7 vs 6,6%, p = 0,020), y los que asisten con menor frecuencia (%FL: 19,1 vs 7,3%, p = 0,000; %WL: 7,8 vs 2,9%, p = 0,000). El análisis de regresión multinomial (PNLWF/ PLWF) indica que solo el asistir a más de mes y medio a la consulta es un factor que influye en la pérdida, OR 8,3 (IC 95% 4,5-15,1; p = 0,000). Conclusión: la medición de la grasa corporal proporciona una información adicional al peso perdido; la mayoría de los pacientes que asisten más de mes y medio obtienen un elevado %FL; la asistencia es un factor predictor de la pérdida; el %FL indica que el tratamiento dietético juega un papel principal en la resolución de esta patología; se recomienda diseñar esquemas prácticos del proceso de actuación de los nutricionistas en función del IMCi y el variable.WL%: percentage of weight loss; % FL: percentage fat loss; PNLWF: patients who lose weight or fat; PLWF: patients who lose weight and fat. Objective: assess whether the% WL and FL% in the dietary treatment was affected by gender, age, BMI and assistance to the query. Method: 4,700 consultations, 670 patients (BMI ≥ 25), in the south-east of Spain (2006-12). Balanced and hypo-caloric diet was used. Two types of patients: PNLWF and PLWF (91.9%). Results: in PLWF, men and those attending a greater number of occasions to the consultation have shown a greater loss against women (%FL: 23.0 vs 14.3%, p = 0.000; %WL: 7.7 vs 6.6%, p = 0.020), and those who attend less frequently (%FL: 19.1 vs 7.3%, p = 0.000; %WL: 7.8 vs 2.9%, p = 0.000). Multinomial regression analysis (PNLWF / PLWF) indicates that only attend more than one and a half to the consultation is a factor in the loss, OR 8.3 (IC 95% 4.5-15.1; p = 0.000). Conclusion: the body fat measurement provides additional information lost weight; Most patients attend more than six weeks, obtained a high %FL; attendance is a predictor of loss; the %FL indicates that the dietary management plays a major role in the resolution of this pathology; It is recommended to design practical schemes of action process nutritionists according to the IMCI and variable

Indicadores de éxito en el tratamiento dietético del sobrepeso y la obesidad: pérdida de peso, grasa corporal y calidad de pérdida

Concepts: %WL: Percentage of weight loss; %FL: Percentage of fat loss. Objective: evaluate which unit of measurement for weight loss could determine the success or failure of dietary treatment for overweight and obesity. Method: 4,625 consultations carried out on 616 patients in the southeast of Spain from 2006 to 2012. All of the patients were over 25 years of age and suffered from overweight or obesity. The consultations were carried out every fortnight, using the Mediterranean or low-calorie diet. The patients were divided into four groups according to their %WL and %FL. Results: most of the sample consisted of: women; participants between 25-45 years of age; attended consultations for over a month and a half; obese. 80% of the patients obtained a %FL ≥ 5% (15.5 ± 12.8). The groups with a higher %FL obtained significant differences in weight loss (22.6 vs 11.2%, p = 0.000). The multinomial analysis shows significant differences between the groups with the highest %FL and the lowest %WL and %FL: sex (p = 0.006 vs p = 0.005), BMI (p = 0.010 vs p = 0.003) and attendance (p = 0.000 vs p = 0.000). Conclusion: the patients who lost < 5% of fat had higher initial parameters (percentage of weight and fat); most of the sample lost ≥ 5% of fat. This means that the method of personalised dietary treatment results in a high fat loss; fat is an indicator of the quality loss obtained. Recommendations: use the measurement of fat as a complementary unit of measurement to weight loss; establish a limit of 5% to evaluate such loss; and increase this type of research in any method of weight loss.Conceptos: %WL: Porcentaje de pérdida de peso; %FL: Percentage of fat loss. Objetivo: evaluar qué unidad de medida en la pérdida podría determinar el éxito o fracaso del tratamiento dietético en el sobrepeso y obesidad. Método: 4.625 consultas se llevaron a cabo con 616 pacientes mayores de 25 años con sobrepeso y obesidad, en el sur-este de España, durante los años 2006-12. Las consultas se realizaban quincenalmente, se utilizó la dieta mediterránea e hipo-calórica. Se formaron cuatro grupos en función del menor o mayor %WL y %FL. Resultados: la mayoría de la muestra está formada por: mujeres; participantes entre 25-45 años; asistentes a más de mes y medio; obesos. El 80% de los pacientes obtienen un %FL ≥ 5% (15,5±12,8). Los grupos con mayor %FL obtiene diferencias significativas en la pérdida (22,6 vs 11,2%, p=0,000). El análisis multinomial, destaca diferencias significativas cuando se compara los grupos de mayor %FL con el menor %WL y %FL: en el sexo (p=0.006 vs p=0.005), IMC (p=0.010 vs p=0.003) y asistencia (p=0.000 vs p=0.000). Conclusión: los pacientes que pierden < 5% de grasa, muestran parámetros iniciales mayores (Porcentaje de peso y grasa); la mayoría de la muestra pierde ≥ 5% de grasa, por lo que el tratamiento dietético individualizado es un método que obtiene una elevada pérdida de grasa; la grasa es un indicador de la calidad de la pérdida obtenida. Se recomienda: la medición de la grasa como unidad de medida complementaria al peso; establecer el límite del 5% para evaluar dicha pérdida; y aumentar la investigación en esta línea en cualquier método de pérdida

Anti-tumour activity of fatty acid maltotriose esters

The anti-tumour properties of two fatty acid esters of maltotriose, 6’’-O-lauroylmaltotriose and 6’’-O-palmitoylmaltotriose, in which the 6-OH at the non-reducing end of the maltotriose has been regioselectively acylated, were studied. Both compounds were synthesised by transesterification of vinyl laurate or vinyl palmitate with maltotriose, in presence of immobilized lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus. A mixture formed by 2-methyl-2-butanol and dimethylsulfoxide (80:20 v/v) was the reaction medium. Their cytotoxic activities against two human cancer cell lines, Hep-G2 and HeLa, were studied. 6’’-O-palmitoylmaltotriose showed 50% inhibition values (IC50) of 2.3 M (1.7 g/ml) for Hep-G2 and 3.6 M (2.7 g/ml) for HeLa cells, whereas 6’’-O-lauroylmaltotriose displayed a lower inhibitory effect. 6’’-O-palmitoylmaltotriose showed a marginal cytotoxicity to rat hepatocytes, confirming its potential as a new anti-tumour agent.We thank Prof. Manuel Bernabé (Instituto de Química Orgánica, CSIC, Madrid) for help with NMR analysis. This work was supported by European Union (project MERG-CT-2004-505242) and the Spanish CICYT (Project BIO2002-00337).Peer reviewe

Amino Acid Plasma Concentrations and Urinary Excretion in Young Diabetics

The aim of this study is to analyze amino acid plasma profile in a group of young diabetics and to evaluate its application as markers of metabolic control of the disease, as well as to analyze the urinary excretion of amino acids in these patients. A clinical assessment and metabolic study (amino acid serum concentrations and urinary excretion of amino acids) was accomplished in a group of 49 children diagnosed with diabetes, and a group of 48 healthy children (control group). The plasma levels of total amino acids as well as branchedchain, glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the diabetic group with respect to the control group. Total as well as branched-chain, glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids urinary levels were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the diabetic group compared to the control group. The study of the amino acid plasma in the young diabetic reflect disturbances in protein/amino acid metabolism and, consequently, in metabolic control of the disease. The study of amino acid urinary excretion might have interest not only in the context of diabetic nephropathy, but also in the revealing of partial aspects of amino acid metabolism and, probably, in the metabolic control of the disease

La variabilidad en la adherencia al tratamiento dietético y la calidad de la pérdida de peso: el sobrepeso y la obesidad

Objective: Observation of weight loss and the maximum time that individualized dietary treatment qualitative and quantitative is shown to be effective. Method: 4625 consultations were conducted with 616 patients over 25 years old, in the nutrition consultation, using the qualitative and quantitative individualized dietary treatment. As a result we controlled the weight loss, the fat and the quality and variability of the loss, monthly according to sex, age and BMI in an urban area of southeastern Spain. Results and discussion: A low level of abandonment was proved in men, patients older than 45 years old compared to obese showed a higher degree. The quality of the loss was greater in men under 45 years old, overweight patients, however, more research is needed in this area. Measuring the waist and hips has led to an increasing interest in measuring indicators of body fat. Conclusion: The individualized dietary treatment has been proved to be effective for six months and then a multidisciplinary mode of this treatment is recommended. The use of new ways to assess weight loss is proposed taking into consideration the quality and variability of loss, regardless of the treatment used.Objetivo: Observación de la pérdida de peso y el tiempo máximo que se muestra el tratamiento dietético individualizado cuali-cuantitativo para ser eficaz. Método: 4625 consultas se llevaron a cabo con 616 pacientes mayores de 25 años, en la consulta de nutrición, utilizando la herramienta de tratamiento dietético individualizado cuali-cuantitativo, como resultado se controló la pérdida de peso, la grasa, la calidad y la variabilidad de la pérdida, mensualmente en función del sexo, la edad y el IMC en una zona urbana del sureste de España. Resultados y discusión: Se demostró un bajo nivel de abandono en los hombres, en los pacientes mayores de 45 años, frente a los obesos que mostraron un mayor grado. La calidad de la pérdida fue mayor en los hombres, los menores de 45 años, los pacientes con sobrepeso, sin embargo, se necesita más investigación en esta área. La medición de la cintura y las caderas ha llevado a un creciente interés en los indicadores de medición de grasa corporal. Conclusión: El tratamiento dietético individualizado ha demostrado ser eficaz en los seis meses y, posteriormente, se recomienda su uso en el modo multidisciplinario. Se propone el uso de nuevas formas de evaluar la pérdida de peso: la calidad y la variabilidad de la pérdida, independientemente del tratamiento utilizado

La epidemiología como fundamento del diseño curricular de enfermería en salud sexual y reproductiva de los adolescentes y jóvenes

Background: The nurse training in subjects of the maternal and child area has as objectives of learning, the health of the child and adolescent, taking care of their needs, but the aspects of prevention of sexual and reproductive health in young people and adolescents are left aside. Methods: The various nurse training programs in Spain have been reviewed, as well as the current epidemiological data in which it shows that these diseases and abortions and pregnancies have increased in young people and adolescents, a situation that has motivated the research team to raise the need for modify the nurse training program, taking into account the epidemiological needs that affect this population, training to prevent situations in these ages that may affect their physical and emotional health in relation to sexuality, sexual health and reproductive health. Discussion: In our results of the needs detected in the bibliography and the contents of the curricula of the different nursing faculties are not in accordance with the epidemiological needs observed. It is proposed to define and extend the concept of health of the WHO, to adolescents and young people, since they have experiences of their own health to their environment, culture, political, economic and even moral conditions, which must be kept in mind at the time of offer training, prevention, assistance, emotional support and treatment. Conclusion: It is necessary to investigate the knowledge that students have about these aspects and propose modifications in the curriculum according to the detected needs, the importance of training in prevention and in emotional aspects of the adolescent's nursing consultation.Introducción: La formación enfermera en asignaturas del área materno-infantil tiene como objetivos de aprendizaje, la salud del niño y el adolescente, cuidando de sus necesidades, pero se dejan de lado los aspectos de prevención de la salud sexual y reproductiva en adolescentes y jóvenes. Métodos: Se han revisado los diversos programas de formación enfermera en España, así como los datos epidemiológicos actuales en los que demuestra que estas enfermedades y los abortos y embarazos se han incrementado en adolescentes y jóvenes, situación que ha motivado al equipo investigador a plantear la necesidad de modificar el programa de formación enfermera, atendiendo a las necesidades epidemiológicas que afectan a esta población, capacitando para prevenir en estas edades situaciones que puedan afectar su salud física y emocional con relación a la sexualidad, la salud sexual y la salud reproductiva. Discusión: En nuestros resultados de las necesidades detectadas en la bibliografía y los contenidos de los currículos de las distintas facultades de enfermería no están acordes con las necesidades epidemiológicas constatadas. Se plantean definir y ampliar el concepto de salud de la OMS, a los adolescentes y jóvenes, pues estos tienen vivencias de su salud propias a su entorno, cultura, condiciones políticas, económicas e incluso morales, que hay que tener presente a la hora de ofrecerles formación, prevención, asistencia, acompañamiento emocional y tratamiento. Conclusión: Es necesario investigar los conocimientos que sobre estos aspectos poseen los estudiantes y proponer modificaciones en el currículum acordes a las necesidades detectadas, a la importancia de formar en prevención y en aspectos emocionales de la consulta enfermería del adolescente

Distorsión de la auto-imagen: factor de riesgo para la obesidad en niños y adolescentes

Introduction: Self-image is important in the behaviour and lifestyle of children and adolescents. Analysing the self-image they have and the factors that might influence their distortion, can be used to prevent problems of obesity and anorexia. The main objective of present publication was to analyse the risk factors that may contribute to self-image distortion. Material and Methods: A descriptive survey study was conducted among 659 children and adolescents in two social classes (low and medium-high), measuring height and weight, calculating BMI percentile for age and gender. Body image and self-perception were registered. Results: The percentage of overweight-obesity is higher in scholars (41.8% boys, 28.7% girls) than in adolescents (30.1% and 22.2% respectively), with no difference between socioeconomic classes. The multinomial logistic regression analysis gives a risk of believing thinner higher (p=0.000) among boys OR=2.9(95%CI:1.43-3.37), school (p=0.000) OR=2.42(95%CI:1.56-3.76) and much lower (p=0.000) between normally nourished OR=0.08(95%CI:0.05-0.13), with no differences according to socioeconomic status. The risk of believing fatter is lower (p=0.000) between boys OR=0.28(95%CI:0.14-0.57), school(p=0.072) OR=0.54(95%CI:0.27-1.6), and much higher among underweight (p=0.000) OR=9x108(95% CI:4x108-19x108). Conclusions: Are risk factors of believing thinner: males, being in a group of schoolchildren and overweight-obesity. Conversely, are risk factors of believing fatter: females, teen and above all, be thin.Introducción: La autoimagen es importante en el comportamiento y el estilo de vida de los niños y adolescentes. El análisis de la autoimagen que tienen y de los factores que pueden influir en su distorsión, puede ser utilizado para prevenir problemas de obesidad y anorexia. El principal objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los factores de riesgo que pueden contribuir a una distorsión de la autoimagen. Material y Métodos: Se estudiaron 659 niños y adolescentes en dos entornos socioeconómicos (bajo y medio-alto), midiendo altura y peso, calculando IMC y percentil según edad y sexo. Se preguntó a los sujetos cómo se consideraban: delgada/o, peso adecuado o gorda/o. Resultados: El porcentaje de sobrepeso-obesidad fue mayor en escolares (41,8% niños; 28,7% niñas) que en adolescentes (30,1% y 22,2% respectivamente), sin diferencias entre entornos socioeconómicos. El análisis de regresión logística multinomial ofreció un riesgo de creerse más delgados mayor (p=0,000) entre los chicos OR=2,19(IC95%:1,43-3,37), escolares (p=0,000) OR=2,42(IC95%:1,56-3,76), y mucho menor (p=0,000) entre normonutridos OR=0,08(IC95%:0,05-0,13), sin diferencias según estatus socioeconómico. El riesgo de creerse más gordo fue al contrario, menor (p=0,000) entre chicos OR=0,28(IC95%:0,14-0,57), escolares (p=0,072) OR=0,54(IC95%:0,27-1,06), y muchísimo mayor entre delgados (p=0,000) OR= 9x108(IC95%: 4x108-19x108). Conclusiones: Son factores de riesgo de creerse más delgados el sexo masculino, estar en grupo de escolares y en sobrepeso-obesidad. Contrariamente, son factores de riesgo de creerse más gordos el sexo femenino, adolescente y sobre todo estar delgados

Relationship between Anthropometric Variables and Muscle Dysmorphia in Gymnasts in the Province of Alicante

Objetivo: Se muestra un estudio novedoso en el que se analiza si las medidas antropométricas pueden ser utilizadas para clasificar la dismorfia muscular (DM), en gimnastas que asisten a sala de musculación. Metodología: Se analizaron gimnastas de varias salas de musculación de Alicante (zona urbana del sureste español), donde se recogieron las medidas de 141 varones de edad comprendida entre 18-45 años, que persiguen el aumento de su masa muscular. Se tuvieron en cuenta el cálculo del IMC (kg/m2), el somatotipo (endomorfia, mesomorfia y ectomorfia) y se han clasificado los posibles casos de dismorfia muscular, mediante la Escala de satisfacción muscular. Resultados: La muestra está constituida por 68 normopeso; 66 sobrepeso y 7 obesos, clasificados como DM en un 25.0% los normopeso, 33.3% sobrepeso y 85.7% los obesos (p=0.004). En el somatotipo, el único componente que presenta diferencias entre no DM y DM es la mesomorfia (p=0.024). Conclusión: La Dismorfia muscular es un concepto claramente psicológico difícilmente diagnosticable mediante medidas antropométricas. Únicamente la mesomorfia, es la medida que aparece incrementada en la DM, pudiendo ser un parámetro de ayuda en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de la DM. Además, el riesgo de padecer DM aumenta con el grado de obesidad.Objective: It shows a new study that examines if the anthropometric measurements can be used to classify the muscle dysmorphia (MD), in gymnasts who attend fitness room. Methodology: Gymnasts were analyzed several weights rooms of Alicante (urban area of southeastern Spain), where the measurements were 141 males aged between 18-45 years, aiming to enhance their muscle mass. We had in mind the calculation of BMI (kg/m2), the somatotype (endomorphy, mesomorphy and ectomorphy) and have been classified potential cases of muscle dysmorphia, using the Muscle appareance satisfaction escale. Results: The sample was composed of 68 normoweight; 66 overweight and 7 obese, classified as MD in a 25.0% the normoweight, 33.3% overweight and 85.7% of the obese (p=0.004 ). On the somatotype, the only component that presents differences between non-MD and MD is mesomorphy (p=0.024). Conclusion: Muscle dysmorphia is a concept clearly difficult psychological diagnosable using anthropometric measures. Mesomorphy is the only measure that is increased in the MD, and may be a parameter to aid in the diagnosis and follow-up to the MD. In addition, the risk of developing MD is increase with the degree of obesity

Phylogenetic patterns of rarity and vulnerability in the flora of a temperate mountain range

Species rarity has puzzled ecologists for decades owing to its theoretical fundamentals and practical implications. The main concern that rarity raises from a conservation standpoint is that rare species tend to have higher extinction risk. Understanding the underlying phylogenetic patterns of rarity can shed light on the evolutionary processes yielding rarity, contribute to forecasting potential vulnerable species or lineages, and assess the consequences of the loss of rare species. Here, we apply Rabinowitz's rarity classification scheme and explore phylogenetic patterns in the flora of the Pyrenees, a temperate mountain range. We first categorized species according to their geographic range (endemicity and regional geographic range), habitat specialization and local abundance. Then we analyzed the phylogenetic signal of each rarity type, along with the phylogenetic association between species according to their rarity, and decomposed the variation of rarity among taxonomic levels to better understand its diversification through time. Finally, we estimated the expected loss of phylogenetic diversity (PD) in the regional flora if rare species go extinct. All rarity types showed a certain degree of phylogenetic signal, with endemics, species of limited regional geographic range and habitat specialists forming groups of phylogenetically close species. The decomposition of variation supported these results, as the rarity types with the strongest signal had more variation explained by higher taxonomic levels. The loss of these groups of species had different consequences based on the type of rarity, with the disappearance of habitat specialists having the strongest, negative effect on PD. Our results show a general pattern of phylogenetic association in rarity among the flora of the Pyrenees, which leads to increased vulnerability along certain branches of the Tree of Life. Phylogenetic patterns should be taken into account in conservation planning to effectively protect all facets of biodiversity