Spotlight on Scholarly Commons, June 2017 - Prescott

Faculty with notable downloads: Timothy Holt Mohammad Moallemi Linda Wieland Matt Earnhardt Sonya McMullen Prescott Faculty Submission Statistics: Total Papers: 148 All-time Downloads: 84,574 June Downloads: 1,189 Other Interesting Information: Issues of the Pioneer, ERAU Prescott\u27s official newspaper 1978-1983 have been digitized and published. Several SelectedWorks sites have been created. *Statistics are for the Prescott Campus publication

Wild at Heart:-The Particle Astrophysics of the Galactic Centre

We treat of the high-energy astrophysics of the inner ~200 pc of the Galaxy. Our modelling of this region shows that the supernovae exploding here every few thousand years inject enough power to i) sustain the steady-state, in situ population of cosmic rays (CRs) required to generate the region's non-thermal radio and TeV {\gamma}-ray emis-sion; ii) drive a powerful wind that advects non-thermal particles out of the inner GC; iii) supply the low-energy CRs whose Coulombic collisions sustain the temperature and ionization rate of the anomalously warm, envelope H2 detected throughout the Cen-tral Molecular Zone; iv) accelerate the primary electrons which provide the extended, non-thermal radio emission seen over ~150 pc scales above and below the plane (the Galactic centre lobe); and v) accelerate the primary protons and heavier ions which, advected to very large scales (up to ~10 kpc), generate the recently-identified WMAP haze and corresponding Fermi haze/bubbles. Our modelling bounds the average magnetic field amplitude in the inner few degrees of the Galaxy to the range 60 < B/microG < 400 (at 2 sigma confidence) and shows that even TeV CRs likely do not have time to penetrate into the cores of the region's dense molecular clouds before the wind removes them from the region. This latter finding apparently disfavours scenarios in which CRs - in this star-burst-like environment - act to substantially modify the conditions of star-formation. We speculate that the wind we identify plays a crucial role in advecting low-energy positrons from the Galactic nucleus into the bulge, thereby explaining the extended morphology of the 511 keV line emission. (abridged)Comment: One figure corrected. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 29 pages, 14 figure

Localized vs distributed deformation associated with the linkage history of an active normal fault, Whakatane Graben, New Zealand

The deformation associated with an active normal fault is investigated at a high temporal resolution (c. 104 yr). The Rangitaiki Fault (Whakatane Graben, New Zealand) and its adjacent faults accommodated an overall extension of ?0.83% oriented at ?N324°E over the past 17 kyr. This is consistent along strike, but the pattern of faulting that accommodates this strain defines two different spatial domains. To the SW, one domain is characterized by a few large faults, with &gt;80% of strain localized onto geometrically and kinematically linked segments of the main fault. This produces marked heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of strain across the graben. In contrast, to the NE, a domain of distributed faulting is characterized by numerous small faults contributing to the overall deformation, with only ?35% of strain localized onto the Rangitaiki Fault. The transition from distributed to localized deformation is attributed to an increase in linkage maturity of the Rangitaiki Fault. Progressive strain localization has been ongoing within the network over the last 17 kyr, with localization of fault activity increasing by ?12%, indicating this process occurs over kyr time periods that only reflect a few earthquake events

Listeriolysin S, a Novel Peptide Haemolysin Associated with a Subset of Lineage I Listeria monocytogenes

peer-reviewedStreptolysin S (SLS) is a bacteriocin-like haemolytic and cytotoxic virulence factor that plays a key role in the virulence of Group A Streptococcus (GAS), the causative agent of pharyngitis, impetigo, necrotizing fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Although it has long been thought that SLS and related peptides are produced by GAS and related streptococci only, there is evidence to suggest that a number of the most notorious Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, including Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium botulinum and Staphylococcus aureus, produce related peptides. The distribution of the L. monocytogenes cluster is particularly noteworthy in that it is found exclusively among a subset of lineage I strains; i.e., those responsible for the majority of outbreaks of listeriosis. Expression of these genes results in the production of a haemolytic and cytotoxic factor, designated Listeriolysin S, which contributes to virulence of the pathogen as assessed by murine- and human polymorphonuclear neutrophil–based studies. Thus, in the process of establishing the existence of an extended family of SLS-like modified virulence peptides (MVPs), the genetic basis for the enhanced virulence of a proportion of lineage I L. monocytogenes may have been revealed.Work is funded by the Irish Government under the National Development Plan, through a Science Foundation Ireland Investigator award to CH, PR and PC (06/IN.1/B98)

Scholarly Commons 2016 Annual Report

In its third year Scholarly Commons experienced growing acceptance as an important tool for the dissemination of research at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. Contributions increased by 36% and conferences grew to 17, as Scholarly Commons became more widely known throughout the university. One of the conferences supported a collaboration between ERAU and the FAA, which resulted in a note of thanks from the FAA to Chip Wolfe, Digitization Specialist. Chip worked with bepress, the Chancellor’s Office and the conference organizers to launch the webpage in record time

Scholarly Commons Annual Report 2017

Scholarly Commons experienced substantial growth between July 1, 2016, and June 30, 2017. Contributions grew by 32% over the preceding year and downloads increased by 47.12%, demonstrating that ERAU research is important to our academic colleagues as well as to the industries and government organizations we serve

Kpc-scale Properties of Emission-line Galaxies

We perform a detailed study of the resolved properties of emission-line galaxies at kpc-scale to investigate how small-scale and global properties of galaxies are related. 119 galaxies with high-resolution Keck/DEIMOS spectra are selected to cover a wide range in morphologies over the redshift range 0.2<z<1.3. Using the HST/ACS and HST/WFC3 imaging data taken as a part of the CANDELS project, for each galaxy we perform SED fitting per resolution element, producing resolved rest-frame U-V color, stellar mass, star formation rate, age and extinction maps. We develop a technique to identify blue and red "regions" within individual galaxies, using their rest-frame color maps. As expected, for any given galaxy, the red regions are found to have higher stellar mass surface densities and older ages compared to the blue regions. Furthermore, we quantify the spatial distribution of red and blue regions with respect to both redshift and stellar mass, finding that the stronger concentration of red regions toward the centers of galaxies is not a significant function of either redshift or stellar mass. We find that the "main sequence" of star forming galaxies exists among both red and blue regions inside galaxies, with the median of blue regions forming a tighter relation with a slope of 1.1+/-0.1 and a scatter of ~0.2 dex compared to red regions with a slope of 1.3+/-0.1 and a scatter of ~0.6 dex. The blue regions show higher specific Star Formation Rates (sSFR) than their red counterparts with the sSFR decreasing since z~1, driver primarily by the stellar mass surface densities rather than the SFRs at a giver resolution element.Comment: 17 pages, 17 figures, Submitted to the Ap

Scholarly Commons Annual Report 2018-2019

The global impact of Scholarly Commons grew again in 2018-19. Submissions increased by 25% over FY 18 and downloads grew by 50% in FY 19. New conferences, such as the President’s Art Exhibit and the Southeastern- Atlantic Regional Conference on Differential Equations, were added. The highlight of the year in terms of new conferences and events for the Daytona Beach staff on the team was the 2019 Digital Commons Southeast User Group meeting, which was not only hosted in Scholarly Commons but also took place on the Daytona Beach Campus on May 31. The goal to work with faculty and other groups on the three campuses to increase Open Educational Resources in Scholarly Commons was quite successful. The team added faculty-authored textbooks, open access textbooks adopted by faculty, and course packs, containing open access or library-licensed items. Interest in this initiative was strong enough to warrant a new librarian position and the Daytona Beach Campus welcomed new team member, Cassandra Konz in late May. In addition to this goal, the team also began to develop avenues for faculty to organize and provide open access to research datasets. The first objective of this goal was met with the creation of an area in Scholarly Commons for small datasets. With the new areas Scholarly Commons supports, the Oversight Team continues to adapt. In January the team welcomed new member, Jim Solti, representing Worldwide, with a special emphasis on incorporating OER into online courses. The team also began working with the newly-appointed Associate Provost for Research, Dr. Remzi Seker. As we welcomed our new colleagues, we also said goodbye to Special Projects Librarian, Jane Deighan, who retired in June. Jane has been part of the team from the beginning and certainly wins the prize for setting up the most SelectedWorks pages and facilitating submissions for faculty on all three campuses. She will be missed at our meetings but she leaves a strong and enduring legacy